Recent Captive-Breeding Proposals and the Return of the Ark Concept to Global Species Conservation

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW E. BOWKETT
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation

Captive management and the maintenance of genetic diversity in a vulnerable marsupial, the greater bilby

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Miller ◽  
Mark D. B. Eldridge ◽  
Keith Morris ◽  
Neil Thomas ◽  
Catherine A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Genetic Impact ◽  
Captive Breeding Programs

The endemic Australian greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) is a vulnerable and iconic species. It has declined significantly due to habitat loss, as well as competition and predation from introduced species. Conservation measures include a National Recovery Plan that incorporates several captive breeding programs. Two of these programs were established within 12 months of one another (1997/98), with the same number and sex ratio of founding individuals, but executed different breeding strategies: (1) unmanipulated mating in semi–free range natural habitat versus (2) minimising mean kinship in large enclosures, with the supplementation of new individuals into both populations. This study evaluates the long-term genetic impact of these programs and examines the congruency between the pedigree studbook estimates of diversity and molecular data. Our data demonstrate that genetic diversity was maintained in both populations, with the supplementation of new individuals contributing to the gene pool. The studbook estimates of diversity and inbreeding are not consistent with the microsatellite data and should not solely be relied upon to evaluate the genetic health of captive populations. Our analyses suggest that captive breeding programs may not require costly and intensive management to effectively maintain long-term genetic diversity in a promiscuous species.

Corrigendum to: Conservation of quolls (Dasyurus spp.) in captivity – a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Julie M. Old ◽  
Hayley J. Stannard
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
The Family ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Impact

Quolls are carnivorous marsupials in the family Dasyuridae with characteristic white spots. They are distributed throughout Australia and New Guinea, but uncommonly seen due to their mostly nocturnal solitary nature, and large home ranges. All Australian quolls are listed as ‘near threatened' or ‘endangered' at state, national and international levels, largely due to human-induced threats. Threats include introduced predators, habitat loss through clearing and modifications including changed fire regimes, disease, human persecution, vehicle collisions and accidental or targeted poisoning by humans and cane toads (Rhinella marina). Conservation efforts that have focussed on reducing introduced predators, and minimising the impact of cane toads, have aided some translocations, hence species recovery in some local areas of Australia has occurred. Where species conservation has required captive breeding for translocation, successful captive management has been crucial. We summarise research conducted in captivity on aspects of birth and development, health and disease, and blood and nutrition parameters of quolls, and suggest future directions for research. Further research on captive and wild quoll populations will benefit future translocations, reintroductions and conservation through increased knowledge, improved maintenance and husbandry of captive colonies, and monitoring of wild populations.

scholarly journals Puberty and oestral cycle length in captive female jaguars Panthera onca

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Viau ◽  
Débora Cattaruzzi Rodini ◽  
Gisela Sobral ◽  
Gabriela Siqueira Martins ◽  
Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Length ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Viability Assessment ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Wild Felids

Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation have been leading jaguars to constant conflicts with humans, and as a result, jaguar populations have been declining over the last decades. Captive breeding is often a tool for species conservation, and it is not different for jaguars. However, success is far from optimal due to the lack of basic knowledge about species’ reproductive biology. In the present study, we assessed gonadal hormonal profiles of natural oestral cycles and puberty and compared our data to those of other wild felids. We collected faecal samples from two to seven times per week for 18 months from two adults and three pre-pubertal females. We defined baseline levels for progestins and oestrogens in order to estimate oestrous cycle length and age at puberty. We compared our data with 16 other species through generalized linear model, using weight and genus as two explanatory variables. Cycle length was 38.28 ± 2.52 days, ranging from 25 to 44 days, while sexual maturity was attained within 22 months. Due to our analysis of both hormonal and behavioural data, there is a variation between this research from other studies that employed only behavioural observations. Such difference may be caused by the absence of behavioural oestrous at the peri-pubertal period. When compared to wild felids of similar size, puberty and oestral cycle durations of the jaguar females fell within the same range. Our modelling showed that age at maturity was influenced mostly by size and only Leopardus partially explained the observed variation. Conversely, oestral cycle length did not differ among genera or size categories. Our study adds to the body literature in the reproductive endocrinology of wild felids, and because female gametes are more challenging to collect and preserve, a strong understanding on the female reproductive physiology is essential to assisted reproduction and wild population viability assessment.

scholarly journals Habitat establishment, captive breeding and conservation translocation to save threatened populations of the Vulnerable European mudminnow Umbra krameri

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Tatár ◽  
Bálint Bajomi ◽  
András Specziár ◽  
Balázs Tóth ◽  
Magdolna Müllerné Trenovszki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Conservation Activity ◽  
Artificial Ponds ◽  
Threatened Habitats ◽  
Laboratory Breeding ◽  
Natural Recruitment ◽  
Umbra Krameri

AbstractIn Europe 37% of freshwater fish are threatened. However, conservation activity is less widespread for fish compared to other vertebrate groups. The Vulnerable European mudminnow Umbra krameri is a marshland fish endemic to the Carpathian Basin. Its range and population have declined significantly since the 1990s. The main threats to the species are habitat loss and the invasive Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii. During 2008–2012 a species conservation programme was established to rescue broodstocks from threatened populations, breed them under controlled conditions, translocate both rescued fish and their laboratory-reared offspring to surrogate habitats, and finally reintroduce offspring to their original habitats. Broodstocks from three threatened habitats were bred in the laboratory and produced offspring appropriate for stocking. Six artificial ponds were created in the pilot study area according to the environmental needs of the species, four of which proved to be suitable surrogate habitats in which translocated fish survived and reproduced successfully. Populations in the original habitats were supplemented with fish from laboratory breeding and from the natural recruitment of surrogate habitats, with special care of the corresponding broodstocks. Future challenges include improving our knowledge about the ecological processes in which the European mudminnow participates, identifying the most threatened populations, habitats suitable for restoration and potential areas for creation of surrogate habitats, and enhancing induced propagation methodology.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Gonad Development, Fecundity and Oocyte Maturation of Spotted Snakehead, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793) in Different Water Bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Md. Almamun Farid ◽  
M. Anisur Rahman ◽  
Shammi Aktar ◽  
Moumita Choudhury ◽  
Syeda Maksuda Yeasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Relative Fecundity ◽  
Absolute Fecundity ◽  
Production Techniques

The present study was carried out to compare gonad development, oocyte maturation and fecundity of the spotted snakehead (Channa punctatus) fish during January to November 2015 in different water bodies (such as pond, Joghati baor and Bhairab river) in Jashore, Bangladesh. Mean GSI (gonadosomatic index) values of the female C. punctatus during January, March, May, July, September and November were significantly highest in pond, followed by those in Joghati baor and the lowest in Bhairab river. Absolute fecundity during the month of July in pond, baor and river was 30,006±2,027, 23,629±2,356 and 16,659±2,486, respectively, and the relative fecundity was 5064±183, 4865±106 and 4641±138 eggs, respectively. Mean ova diameter in pond, baor and river in March was 0.25±0.04 mm, 0.16±0.02 mm and 0.21±0.03 mm; in May was 0.36±0.03 mm, 0.29±0.03 mm and 0.23±0.04 mm; in July was 1.06±0.06 mm, 0.95±0.05 mm and 0.87±0.03 mm; and in September was 0.84±0.04 mm, 0.82±0.03 mm and 0.72±0.05 mm, respectively. Mean GSI values of the male C. punctatus during January, March, May, July, September and November were significantly higher in pond than those in baor and river, respectively. The mean highest GSI for female was found to be 6.06±0.11 in pond during the month of July, while the lowest GSI of 0.30±0.08 was in Bhairab river during November. The highest GSI value for male was obtained to be 0.70±0.16 in pond during the month of July, while the lowest GSI of 0.12±0.03 was found in Bhairab river during January. However, significant differences (P<0.05) were found in GSI values, absolute fecundity, relative fecundity and ova diameter of C. punctatus during different months in pond, Joghati baor and Bhairab river. The findings from the present research would immensely be useful for captive breeding and seed production techniques of C. punctatus for aquaculture production, sustainable management and species conservation.

Captive breeding of endangered fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton-Buchanan) for species conservation and sustainable utilization

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3579-3589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uttam Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Prashant Kumar Deepak ◽  
Raje Singh Negi ◽  
Shriprakash Singh ◽  
Dhurendra Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Chitala Chitala

scholarly journals Chinese Alligators

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-183
Author(s):  
Victor H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
English Language ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Alligator Mississippiensis ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Chinese Alligator ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Alligator Sinensis

I present previously unpublished data on the breeding habits and related conservation efforts on behalf of the endangered endemic Chinese Alligator (Alligator sinensis) collected through interviews and observations conducted at the Changxing Nature Reserve & Breeding Center for Chinese Alligators. The objective of this study was to provide additional material to supplement that presented in the most current and comprehensive English-language literature on the species. Conservation efforts on behalf of the Chinese Alligator are hindered by heavily polluting industries, such as coal-fired power plants and battery plants, which affect all local fauna. In addition, captive population satistics at Changxing and Xuancheng breeding centers have changed since 2010. Additional observations of the Chinese Alligator include nesting behaviors, ovipositioning, and temperature and humidity conditions in nests. I observed experiments comparing temperature-dependent sex determination to that in the closely related American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). I provide information on reintroduction efforts by both Chinese captive breeding centers in different wild zones and discuss definitioono  of "wild," with which Chinese Alligator reintroduction efforts do not conform. Further species conservation efforts should be facilitated by a master plan and studbook, implemented to maximize genetic variation and minimize the effects of inbreeding depression in captive populations with few founders.

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