Background:Numerous joint disorders initially produce swelling in a single joint and new onset monoartritis will probably further lead to the involvement of other joint groups and development of extraarticular manifestations. It is essential to take a proper diagnostic approach for organizing appropriate treatment and lowering possibility of disease progression.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate joint distribution, determine rheumatological diseases of patients with acute monoarthritis and reveal the development of further systemic manifestations.Methods:100 patients (age 18-75 years) with clinically apparent monoarthritis of less than 6 weeks duration were included in the study. Criteria of exclusion were infection, trauma and crystal induced arthritis. Joint distribution, presence of systemic manifestations and development of chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease were evaluated. Presence of arthritis was proved with help of ultrasound examination. Complete blood count, ESR, CRP, RF, anti-CCP; HLAB27; MEFV mutations and X-ray of swollen joint were performed for all patients. Temperature was also measured.Results:Mean age of patients with acute monoarthritis was 46±13 years. Female predominance was noted (61%). 71% of patients had elevated ESR, 69%- CRP. In 24% of cases homozygous or heterozygous mutations of MEFV gene were revealed. 21% of patients had positive RF and 18% - anti-CCP. 11% patients carried HLA-B27 antigen. 28% of examined patients had subfebril fever. Hepatosplenomegaly was determined in 16%, uveitis in 5%, psoriatic plaque in 4%, interstitial pneumonia in 2% of casesAt the baseline 82 patients were diagnosed with rheumatologically disease. Baseline data is shown in the Table 1 bellow.Table 1.Baseline dataDiagnosis Number of patientsFMF23Osteoarthritis (reactive synovitis)16Rheumatoid arthritis15Reactive arthritis10Ankylosing spondylitis6Psoriatic arthritis4SLE3Schonleyn-Henoch purpura2Sarcoidosis2Behcet diseases1Conclusion:In this study monoarhtritis in majority of cases underlies FMF. Though FMF is not considered as a frequent cause of acute monoarthritis, more attention should be paid on this pathology in focus of monoarthritis, especially in specific for FMF region. Further follow up of acute monoarthritis progression is needed.References:[1]A. Becker, J. Daily, K. Pohlgeers. Acute Monoarthritis: Diagnosis in Adults.Am Fam Physician 2016; 94(10): 810-816[2]S. Camacho-Lovillo, A. García-Martínez. Arthritis as presentation of familial Mediterranean fever. An Pediatr (Barc). 2015; 83(2):130. DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2015.07.007[3]J. Ellis. Acute monoarthritis. JAAPA. 2019, 32(3):25-31. doi: 0.1097/01.JAA.0000553379.52389.ebDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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