Depressive Symptoms and Insecure Attachment as Predictors of Disability in a Clinical Population of Patients With Episodic and Chronic Migraine

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Rossi ◽  
Giorgio Di Lorenzo ◽  
Maria Grazia Malpezzi ◽  
Cherubino Di Lorenzo ◽  
Francesco Cesarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Clinical Population

scholarly journals Mediating role of depressive symptoms linking insecure attachment and disordered eating in adolescents: A multiwave longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
L. Cortés-García ◽  
K. R. Viddal ◽  
L. Wichstrøm ◽  
C. Senra
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Attachment Figure ◽  
Dynamic Panel Model ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Time Invariant

Abstract Research has supported a link between insecure attachment and disordered eating in adolescents; however, how this influence is exerted remains unclear. This study explored whether depressive symptoms constitute a pathway through which insecure attachment to parents predicts subsequent development of disordered eating in the transition from childhood to adolescence. The study also examines whether there are differential effects regarding the attachment figure, child's gender, or reciprocity between variables. A community-based sample of Spanish youth (n = 904; 49.4% girls) was followed biennially from age 10 to 16 years. Attachment, depressive symptoms, and disordered eating were measured using the Inventory of Parental and Peer Attachment, Children's Depression Inventory, and Children's Eating Attitudes Test, respectively. Prospective data were analyzed using a dynamic panel model, which accounts for unmeasured time-invariant factors. Whereas insecure attachment to the father did not predict later depression or disordered eating, higher insecure attachment to the mother at ages 10 and 12 years predicted more disordered eating at ages 14 and 16 years via increased depressive symptoms at ages 12 and 14 years. No child's gender-specific or reverse mediational effects were found. This study suggests that an increase in depressive symptoms might be one mechanism by which insecure attachment exerts its influence on the development of eating disorders symptomatology in adolescence. Intervention efforts aimed at strengthening particularly the mother–child attachment relationship may reduce the vulnerability to develop depressive symptoms and disordered eating.

scholarly journals Severity of depressive symptoms as predictor of impairment of quality of life in chronic migraine: Comparison with episodic migraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonides Canuet ◽  
Ryouhei Ishii ◽  
Otman Fernandez-Concepcion ◽  
Masao Iwase ◽  
Masatoshi Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Episodic Migraine

scholarly journals Self-Schemas and Self-Esteem Discrepancies in Subclinical Paranoia: The Essential Role of Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Monsonet ◽  
Sergi Ballespí ◽  
Tamara Sheinbaum ◽  
Carmen Valiente ◽  
Regina Espinosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Background : Self-concepts are being intensively investigated in relation to paranoia, but research has shown some contradictory findings. Studying subclinical phenomena in a non-clinical population should allow for a clearer understanding given that clinical confounding factors are avoided. We explored self-esteem, self-schemas, and implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies in three non-clinical groups with different psychopathological traits and a control group.Methods: Participants with elevated trait-paranoia (n = 41), depressive symptoms (n = 34), a combination of both traits (n = 32), and a control group (n = 71) were assessed on implicit and explicit self-esteem, self-schemas, depression, and paranoia. A dimensional approach with the total sample (n = 208) was also used to complement the information provided by the group approach.Results: All groups presented similar and positive levels of implicit self-esteem. Trait-paranoia participants had similar levels of explicit self-esteem and self-schemas compared with the control group. However, the group with a combination of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms showed the lowest levels of positive self-schemas and self-esteem. Furthermore, this group and the control group displayed implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies, although in opposite directions and with different implications. The dimensional approach revealed associations of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms with poor explicit self-esteem and self-schemas but not with implicit self-esteem.Conclusions: Trait-paranoia participants showed different self-representations depending on whether depressive symptoms were present or not. The interaction between subclinical neurotic and psychotic traits entailed a detrimental self-representation that might increase the risk for psychopathology.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
Izolde Bouloukaki ◽  
Michail Fanaridis ◽  
Georgios Stathakis ◽  
Christina Ermidou ◽  
Eleftherios Kallergis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
Athens Insomnia Scale ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
And Gender

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the influence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related symptoms on prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large clinical population of patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 2127 patients (mean age 55 years, 24% women) underwent diagnostic polysomnography and were evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We investigated the predictive value of OSA-associated symptoms for prevalent cardiovascular disease, after adjustment for relevant confounding factors including age, obesity, and co-morbidities. Results: Patients with OSA and CVD were older and had a higher Body Mass Index (BMI); the percentage of obese patients was also higher (83% vs. 70%, p < 0001). They also had greater neck, waist, and hip circumferences and a higher waist-to-hip ratio. Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS ≥ 10) [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.112 (0.708–1.748), p = 0.64], insomnia symptoms (AIS ≥ 6) [odds ratio (95% CI) 0.748 (0.473–1.184), p = 0.21], frequent awakenings [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.599 (1.019–2.508), p = 0.06], and nocturia [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.359 (0.919–2.009), p = 0.124] were not associated with CVD after adjustment for the previous confounders. On the other hand, depressive symptoms (BDI ≥ 10) independently predicted prevalent CVD [odds ratio (95% CI) 1.476 (1.154–1.887), p = 0.002]. Further analysis in subgroups stratified by age, BMI, and gender demonstrated that depressive symptoms predicted prevalent CVD but only in the subgroup of younger (age group < 60 years), obese (BMI group ≥ 30), and male (OR = 1.959, 95% CI = 1.209–3.175, p = 0.006) OSA patients. Conclusions: OSA patients with CVD were more likely to complain of less typical OSA symptoms and depressive symptoms compared to patients without CVD in this large clinical patient cohort, supportingthecomplexity and heterogeneityof OSA.

scholarly journals The paradox of insecure attachment and depressive symptoms across the lifespan: Towards an integrative view

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Or Dagan ◽  
Kristin Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attachment Patterns ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood ◽  
Meta Analyses

Attachment theory has long argued that insecure attachment patterns are associated with vulnerability to psychopathology in general, and depressive symptoms in particular. However, accumulating evidence from the past four decades, summarized in three large meta-analyses (each assessing over 4000 subjects) that evaluated the link between insecure attachment and depressive symptoms at different developmental stages, suggested paradoxical results. Specifically, children with histories of deactivating (i.e., insecure-avoidant) but not hyperactivating (i.e., insecure-resistant) attachment patterns in infancy and early childhood showed elevated depressive symptoms. In contrast, adolescents and adults with hyperactivating (i.e., insecure-preoccupied) but not deactivating (i.e., insecure-dismissing) attachment classifications showed elevated depressive symptoms. In this paper, we summarize findings from three large meta-analyses across different developmental periods, and highlight the contradicting meta-analytic findings regarding the link between attachment and depressive symptoms across human development. On top of presenting some methodological issues regarding the constructs and measurements of depressive symptoms across the lifespan, we propose a developmentally integrative explanation as to why the two insecure attachment patterns may be differentially linked to depression at different developmental stages. Lastly, we offer future research directions to empirically examine the link between insecure attachment and depressive symptoms across the lifespan.

scholarly journals High Rejection Sensitivity in Patients With Somatoform Pain Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeliz Nacak ◽  
Eva Morawa ◽  
Yesim Erim
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Pain Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
Somatoform Pain Disorder

Objective: Rejection sensitivity (RS) is often associated with mental disorders but as yet has not been investigated in patients with somatoform pain disorder (SPD). The aim of the study was to explore the degree of RS in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls. In addition, we examined factors associated with RS and the moderator effect of SPD.Methods: A total of 65 patients with SPD (confirmed by Structured Clinical Interview, SCID-I) and 65 age- and gender-matched healthy controls participated. Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, PHQ-15), Relationship Scale (ReSQ), Essen Trauma Inventory (ETI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were applied. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed.Results: The level of RS was significantly higher in patients with SPD compared to healthy controls (M = 10.30, SD = 5.64; M = 6.13, SD = 2.50; p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.95). Higher levels of depressive symptoms (p &lt; 0.001), childhood adversities (p &lt; 0.001) and the insecure attachment style (p = 0.007) were related to higher levels of RS. No significant moderation effect was detected.Conclusions: Patients with SPD are highly sensitive to social rejection. In addition, insecure attachment styles as well as depressive symptoms and childhood adversities are strongly associated with RS. Further studies are needed to figure out how RS is connected to SPD over lifetime.

Attachment style in adulthood: Attachment style moderates the impact of social support on depressive symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2871-2889
Author(s):  
Alissa Dark-Freudeman ◽  
Richard S. Pond ◽  
Ruthie E. Paschall ◽  
Leanne Greskovich
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
System Activation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Research on adult attachment has flourished over the last two decades. Despite this, only one theoretical model has been proposed to outline how the attachment system works in adulthood: the model of attachment system activation and functioning in adulthood proposed by Mikulincer and Shaver. The current study tested one prediction drawn from this model, namely that attachment style would moderate the association between social support and depressive symptoms. Method: The study included a nonclinical sample of 419 adults between the ages of 18 and 84 ( Mage = 39.64 years, SD = 19.61). Participants completed a survey containing measures of attachment, perceived social support, depressive symptoms, and demographic information. Results: A model in which attachment was predicted to moderate the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms was tested. Although both avoidant and anxious attachment were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, the interaction between social support and insecure attachment style differed. Higher levels of social support were significantly associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms among anxiously attached individuals, but not among avoidant individuals. Discussion: The study supports the model proposed by Mikulincer and Shaver. Attachment style acts as a moderator of the association between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. The results further underscore differences between anxiously and avoidantly attached individuals.

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