Thinking About AIDS and Stigma: A Psychologist’s Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Herek
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
The Law ◽  
Hiv Discrimination

As Jonathan Mann observed, the problem of AIDS-related stigma is inextricably bound to issues of health, human rights, and the law. Such stigma translates into feelings of fear and hostility directed at people with HIV. It finds expression in avoidance and ostracism of people with HIV, discrimination and violence against them, and public support for punitive policies and laws that restrict civil liberties while hindering AIDS prevention efforts. Being the target of stigma inflicts pain, isolation, and hardship on many people with HIV, while the desire to avoid it deters some from being tested for HIV, seeking treatment, or practicing risk-reduction.

1. Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Costigan ◽  
Richard Stone
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Political Context ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Context ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Uk

Course-focused and comprehensive, the Textbook on series provide an accessible overview of the key areas on the law curriculum. This introductory chapter provides an overview of the main themes covered in the present volume. It first considers the political context in which the discussion of the law is to take place. It then discusses human rights and civil liberties; the meaning of rights; protection of rights and liberties within the UK Constitution; the international context of the monitoring of human rights; and the European Convention on Human Rights.

scholarly journals The law relating to Proscription of terrorist organisations as set out in the Terrorism Act 2000

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Jacob Tron
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
Freedom Fighter

 “One man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter” - How well does the current law relating to proscription of terrorist organisations protect the public and does this law encroach on an individual’s Human Rights?This article will critically analyse and evaluate the Terrorism Act 2000, in particular s.3 and the powers of proscription, in terms of restrictions to human rights and civil liberties, as well as assess the classification of a terrorist and the issues regarding its wide-reaching definition.

Eritrea: The Everyday Politics of Mass Militarization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Riggan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
National Service ◽  
Service Program ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
The Military

Eritrea has a long history as a heavily militarized nation, dating back to its 30-year war for independence from Ethiopia. Militarization is a core component of Eritrean nationalism and state formation, which is arguably forged out of war but is also implicated in Eritrea’s problematic human rights record. Following Eritrea’s 1991 independence, the country was poised to democratize and liberalize. At that time, the country also began an intensive process of nation-building of which militarization was a central part. In 1995, Eritrea introduced the national service program. Eritrea’s national/military service, which requires 6 months of military training and 12 months of free military or civil service for all Eritreans (male and female), initially enjoyed widespread public support although there were always concerns about harsh living and labor conditions. In 1998, a border war with Ethiopia broke out. At this time, those who had military training in national service were recalled. Although fighting ended in 2000, the border war deepened Eritrea’s adherence to militarization as a key strategy of national defense, nation-building, and development. A condition of no-peace, no-war followed the border war. The long period of no-war, no-peace with Ethiopia allowed Eritrea’s president, Isaias Afewerki, to consolidate his power, deepen authoritarian rule, and extend the national service program indefinitely. The indefinite extension of national service meant that conscripts were not demobilized and new recruits into national service could not be assured that they would ever be released. Due to the indefinite extension of military service, harsh conditions in the military, and extreme punishments for those who try to escape the military, Eritrea’s national/military service requirement is at the center of concern about human rights and civil liberties in Eritrea. Militarization has since become fused with state control and punishment, leading to human rights and civil liberties violations and the mass flight of close to half a million Eritreans over the past decades. Despite the announcement in summer of 2018 that Eritrea and Ethiopia had finally agreed to peace, no one has been released from the military and Eritreans continue to flood out of the country to avoid national service conditions which have been equated with slavery.

Savoy scrapbook

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Petley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Liberal Society ◽  
The Law

A legal column dedicated to the memory of Bernie Simons (1941-1993), radical lawyer and defender of human rights In a liberal society, issues of civil liberties and free expression are generally fought out on the margins of public debate, as Savoy publishers discovered when their Lord Horror ran foul of the law

CIVIL AND LEGAL LIABILITY OF JUDGES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Skoromnyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Model Code ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

The article presents the conceptual foundations of bringing judges to civil and legal liability. It was found that the civil and legal liability of judges is one of the types of legal liability of judges. It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine provides for a clearly delineated list of the main cases (grounds) for which the state is liable for damages for damage caused to a legal entity and an individual by illegal actions of a judge as a result of the administration of justice. It has been proved that bringing judges to civil and legal liability, in particular on the basis of the right of recourse, provides for the payment of just compensation in accordance with the decision of the European Court of Human Rights. It was established that the bringing of judges to civil and legal liability in Ukraine is regulated by such legislative documents as the Constitution of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Explanatory Note to the European Charter on the Status of Judges (Model Code), the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Law of Ukraine «On the procedure for compensation for harm caused to a citizen by illegal actions of bodies carrying out operational-search activities, pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutors and courts», Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case on the constitutional submission of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of certain provisions of Article 2, paragraph two of clause II «Final and transitional provisions» of the Law of Ukraine «On measures to legislatively ensure the reform of the pension system», Article 138 of the Law of Ukraine «On the judicial system and the status of judges» (the case on changes in the conditions for the payment of pensions and monthly living known salaries of judges lagging behind in these), the Law of Ukraine «On the implementation of decisions and the application of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights».

Human Rights Activities as a Function of the Prosecutor’s Office

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
K.N. Golikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law

The subject of this article is the problems of the nature, essence and purpose of prosecutorial activity. The purpose of the article is to study and justify the role of the human rights function in prosecutorial activities in the concept of a modern legal state. At the heart of prosecutorial activity is the implementation of the main function of the Prosecutor’s office – its rights and freedoms, their protection. This means that any type (branch) of Prosecutor's supervision is permeated with human rights content in relation to a citizen, society, or the state. This is confirmed by the fact that the Federal law “On the Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation” establishes an independent type of Prosecutor's supervision-supervision over the observance of human and civil rights and freedoms. It is argued that the legislation enshrines the human rights activities of the Prosecutor's office as its most important function. It is proposed to add this to the Law “On the Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation”.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie Mackay ◽  
Warren Brookbanks
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
The Law

Fitness to plead is an area of growing importance in most Western jurisdictions. It challenges the justification for criminalisation wherever a person’s mental capacity calls into question their ability to participate meaningfully in a trial. However, the doctrine has proven difficult to apply in practice, with many legislative models represented across the jurisdictions. How best to formulate rules for the fair trial of those with mental or physical incapacity and how to manage the issue of disposition following a finding of unfitness is a challenge in most countries. These and other issues are explored in this book through the insights of domestic and international scholars who are familiar with the law around unfitness to stand trial. This chapter broadly describes the fundamental parameters and human rights aspects of the fitness-to-plead doctrine, and concludes with a brief account of the essential elements of each chapter.

The Obligation to Afford Reparation to Injured Individuals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ferstman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Access ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the consequences of breaches of human rights and international humanitarian law for the responsible international organizations. It concentrates on the obligations owed to injured individuals. The obligation to make reparation arises automatically from a finding of responsibility and is an obligation of result. I analyse who has this obligation, to whom it is owed, and what it entails. I also consider the right of individuals to procedures by which they may vindicate their right to a remedy and the right of access to a court that may be implied from certain human rights treaties. In tandem, I consider the relationship between those obligations and individuals’ rights under international law. An overarching issue is how the law of responsibility intersects with the specialized regimes of human rights and international humanitarian law and particularly, their application to individuals.

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