Task Lighting for the Work Surface: The Problem of Reflected Glare

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter J. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Work Surface ◽  
Task Lighting

scholarly journals UV-C LED Irradiation Reduces Salmonella on Chicken and Food Contact Surfaces

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459
Author(s):  
Alexandra Calle ◽  
Mariana Fernandez ◽  
Brayan Montoya ◽  
Marcelo Schmidt ◽  
Jonathan Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
Food Contact ◽  
Bacterial Aggregation ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Surface Pores

Ultraviolet (UV-C) light-emitting diode (LED) light at a wavelength of 250–280 nm was used to disinfect skinless chicken breast (CB), stainless steel (SS) and high-density polyethylene (HD) inoculated with Salmonella enterica. Irradiances of 2 mW/cm2 (50%) or 4 mW/cm2 (100%) were used to treat samples at different exposure times. Chicken samples had the lowest Salmonella reduction with 1.02 and 1.78 Log CFU/cm2 (p ≤ 0.05) after 60 and 900 s, respectively at 50% irradiance. Higher reductions on CB were obtained with 100% illumination after 900 s (>3.0 Log CFU/cm2). Salmonella on SS was reduced by 1.97 and 3.48 Log CFU/cm2 after 60 s of treatment with 50% and 100% irradiance, respectively. HD showed a lower decrease of Salmonella, but still statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05), with 1.25 and 1.77 Log CFU/cm2 destruction for 50 and 100% irradiance after 60 s, respectively. Longer exposure times of HD to UV-C yielded up to 99.999% (5.0 Log CFU/cm2) reduction of Salmonella with both irradiance levels. While UV-C LED treatment was found effective to control Salmonella on chicken and food contact surfaces, we propose three mechanisms contributing to reduced efficacy of disinfection: bacterial aggregation, harboring in food and work surface pores and light absorption by fluids associated with CB.

Ion imbalances on an ionizer-controlled work surface

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Noras ◽  
D. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Work Surface

Standardized aseptic dressing change procedure: Optimizations and adherence in a prospective pre- and postintervention cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Meike M. Neuwirth ◽  
Swetlana Herbrandt ◽  
Frauke Mattner ◽  
Robin Otchwemah
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Hand Disinfection ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Iterative Improvement ◽  
Dressing Change ◽  
Change Concept

Abstract Background: The “HygArzt” project investigated the effectiveness of hygiene measures introduced by an infection prevention link physician (PLP). Objective: To investigate whether the introduction of a standardized aseptic dressing change concept (ADCC) by a PLP can increase hand hygiene adherence and adherence to specific process steps during an aseptic dressing change (ADC) in a trauma surgery and orthopedic department. Methods: We defined 4 required hand disinfection indications: (1) before the preparation of ADC equipment, (2) immediately before the ADC, (3) before the clean phase, and (4) after the ADC. A process analysis of the preintervention phase (331 ADCs) was used to develop a standardized ADCC. The ADCC was introduced and iteratively adopted during the intervention phase. The effect was evaluated during the postintervention phase (374 ADCs). Results: Hand hygiene adherence was significantly increased by the introduction of the ADCC for all indications: (1) before the preparation of the ADC equipment (from 34% before to 85% after, P <.001), (2) immediately before an ADC (from 32% before to 85% after; P < .001), (3) before the clean phase (from 42% before to 96% after; P < .001), and (4) after an ADC (from 74% before to 99% after; P < .001). Overall hand hygiene adherence was analyzed before the indications for an ADC (from 9.6% before to 74% after; P < .001). The same strategy was applied to the following process parameters: use of a clean work surface, clean withdrawal of equipment from the dressing trolley, and appropriate waste disposal. Conclusions: A PLP sufficiently implemented a standardized concept for aseptic dressing change during an iterative improvement process, which resulted in a significant improvement in hand hygiene and adherence to other specific ADCC process steps.

Light Up Your Life! The Impact of Task Lighting on Visual Performance and Quality of Life in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512515308p1
Author(s):  
Martha Sanders ◽  
Caila Frassetto ◽  
Catherine Hill ◽  
Kyeana Martone ◽  
Niamh Butler
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Performance ◽  
Task Lighting ◽  
The Impact

Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification of Validity Finished by Abrasive Jet with Grinding Wheel as Restraint

2008 ◽  
Vol 53-54 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Chang He Li ◽  
Shi Chao Xiu ◽  
Yu Cheng Ding ◽  
Guang Qi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
Geometry Parameter ◽  
Parameter Values

The integration manufacturing technology is a kind of compound precision finishing process that combined grinding with abrasive jet finishing, in which inject slurry of abrasive and liquid solvent into grinding zone between grinding wheel and work surface under no radial feed condition when workpiece grinding were accomplished. The abrasive particles are driven and energized by the rotating grinding wheel and liquid hydrodynamic pressure and increased slurry speed between grinding wheel and work surface to achieve micro removal finishing. In the paper, the machining process validity was verified by experimental investigation. Experiments were performed with plane grinder M7120 and workpiece material 40Cr steel which was ground with the surface roughness mean values of Ra=0.6μm. The machined surface morphology was studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and metallography microscope and microcosmic geometry parameters were measured with TALYSURF5 instrument respectively. The experimental results show the novelty process method, not only can obviously diminish longitudinal geometry parameter values of ground surface, but also can attain isotropy surface and uniformity veins at parallel and perpendicular machining direction. Furthermore, the finished surface has little comparability compared to grinding machining surface and the process validity was verified.

Research on the Construction Technology of High Brick Chimney

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Hua Feng Deng ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Tao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Calculation ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Horizontal Cross Section ◽  
Transport Equipment ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Calculation Analysis ◽  
Technical Measures

Chimney is the building which is high but the horizontal cross section is small, so the high altitude work surface is small and difficult to construct, in which the stability of the scaffold and the safety of vertical transport equipment are especially important. For the serious problems arising in the prophase construction of the 50m chimney, double rows steel pipe scaffold was designed outside the chimney, and the vertical transportation uses the external grillage hoisting frame. Reformed the internal existing scaffold into pedestrian passage to separate people and material, and a detailed calculation analysis of the structural members such as scaffold, grillage hoisting frame and other structures was carried out. Large deformation, destabilization and other safety problems of the scaffold, grillage hoisting frame and other structures were not arising during the anaphase construction process, which indicates that the construction technical measures and calculation and analysis results are with important guiding significance to guarantee the smooth of the construction, and also can be referenced by other similar projects.

Metastability of tetragonal ZrO2 derived from Zr-n-propoxide-acetylacetone-water-isopropyl alcohol

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2174-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoqi Zhan ◽  
Hua C. Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Tetragonal Zro2 ◽  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
Crystallite Growth ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Work Surface ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Thermodynamic Factors

ZrO2 nanopowders derived from zirconium n-propoxide [Zr(OC3H7)4]-acetylacetone-water-isopropanol have been investigated with respect to their tetragonal metastability on heating-cooling processes. The transformation temperature of metastable tetragonal to monoclinic (t′ → m) phase is found to be governed by ultimate firing temperature, time, and atmospheres employed. Crystallite growth is fastened with increase in calcination temperatures over 1000–1400 °C, and the t′ → m transformation temperature is correlated linearly with crystallite size in the studied range of 12–20 nm. Heating in an oxygen environment increases the size of the final crystallites and hence the rate of the t′ → m transformation. It is revealed that the t′ → m transformation temperature depends largely on the heating atmosphere, but only weakly on the cooling one. Based on the findings of this work, surface oxygen deficiencies are attributed to be responsible for low-temperature tetragonal metastability. A crystallite growth model to explain the decline of t′-ZrO2phase is proposed. Kinetic and thermodynamic factors are also discussed in connection with the existing theories of tetragonal metastability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document