The long‐term consequences of peer victimization on physical and psychological health: A longitudinal study

Mental status changes were assessed and compared in 172 general surgical and orthopedic patients and 190 nonsurgical patients, all aged 55 and over, during a 10-month period. Assessments included a structured psychosocial questionnaire and standardized tests of cognition, affect, and function. The relationship of surgery, type of surgery, age, gender, and postoperative delirium to long-term postoperative decline was evaluated. Analyses of variance directly tested main effects pertaining to each of the five hypotheses and interactions of surgery with background variables. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses assessed the unique contributions of demographic and surgical variables to cognitive, affective, and functional change. None of the independent variables tested made a significant contribution to changes from baseline to long-term follow-up. The findings may be due to the physical and psychological health of this sample, and replication of this work in more impaired populations may be productive.

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A Longitudinal Study of the Long-Term Consequences of Drinking during Pregnancy: Heavy In Utero Alcohol Exposure Disrupts the Normal Processes of Brain Development

Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.1523/jneurosci.1161-12.2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (44) ◽

pp. 15243-15251 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

C. Lebel ◽

S. N. Mattson ◽

E. P. Riley ◽

K. L. Jones ◽

C. M. Adnams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Brain Development ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

In Utero ◽

Long Term Consequences

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Should Subjects Be Forewarned of the Possible Psychological Consequences of Filling Out a PTSD Questionnaire?

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2002.90.2.461 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 461-465

Author(s):

Caspar Berghout ◽

Joost van Ginkel ◽

Nikolaj Groeneweg ◽

Han Israels ◽

Arnoud Kas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Sexual Abuse ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Psychology Students ◽

Control Group ◽

Abused Women ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Long Term Consequences

In 1993 Albach investigated the long-term consequences of sexual abuse on psychological health. A group of abused women and a control group of non-abused women were asked to fill in a questionnaire assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For ethical reasons, the abused women were warned that filling in the questionnaire might be emotionally stressful. The control group did not receive this warning. The abused women scored higher on the questionnaire than the non-abused women. The warning they received may have influenced their reports. Our experiment investigated this 101 psychology students were divided into two groups, one who received a warning and a control group who did not. The hypothesis was that people who had been previously warned would score higher on a PTSD questionnaire than people who had not. There were, however, no significant differences in mean PTSD scores and no known initial differences between groups.

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Consequences of Prematurity on Cortisol Regulation and Adjustment Difficulties: A 9-Year Longitudinal Study

Children ◽

10.3390/children9010009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Auriana Urfer ◽

Hélène Turpin ◽

Nevena Dimitrova ◽

Ayala Borghini ◽

Kerstin Jessica Plessen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Hpa Axis ◽

Full Term ◽

Biological Factors ◽

Adjustment Problems ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Long Term Consequences ◽

Traumatic Symptoms

A preterm birth represents a stressful event having potentially negative long-term consequences. Thirty-three children born preterm (<33 weeks gestational age) and eleven full-term children participated in a nine-year longitudinal study. Perinatal Risk Inventory (PERI) was used at birth to assess the perinatal stress. Salivary cortisol, collected four times a day over two consecutive days, was measured with radioimmunoassay technique at six months and nine years to assess the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Mothers reported post-traumatic symptoms on a self-report questionnaire 12 months after their child’s birth and children’s adjustment problems at 9 years of child age on the Child Behavior Checklist. Results showed a significant difference in cortisol regulation at nine years between preterm and full-term children but no differences in adjustment problems. Whereas biological factors (i.e., PERI, cortisol regulation at six months) explained cortisol at nine years, maternal post-traumatic symptoms were predictive of adjustment problems in their child. In conclusion, very preterm birth has some long-term consequences on the HPA-axis regulation at nine years. Although cortisol regulation is mostly influenced by biological factors, the presence of maternal post-traumatic symptoms predicts the manifestation of adjustment problems in both groups. This shows the importance of maternal psychological well-being for child development. Further research is needed to understand the exact consequences of premature birth on cortisol regulation and the implication for the child’s development and health.

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