scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study of the Long-Term Consequences of Drinking during Pregnancy: Heavy In Utero Alcohol Exposure Disrupts the Normal Processes of Brain Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (44) ◽  
pp. 15243-15251 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lebel ◽  
S. N. Mattson ◽  
E. P. Riley ◽  
K. L. Jones ◽  
C. M. Adnams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Binge-pattern alcohol exposure during puberty induces sexually dimorphic changes in genes regulating the HPA axis

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. E320-E328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Przybycien-Szymanska ◽  
Yathindar S. Rao ◽  
Toni R. Pak
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Anxiety Behavior ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Binge Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Binge Ethanol

Maternal alcohol consumption during critical periods of fetal brain development leads to devastating long-term consequences on adult reproductive physiology, cognitive function, and social behaviors. However, very little is known about the long-term consequences of alcohol consumption during puberty, which is perhaps an equally dynamic and critical period of brain development. Alcohol abuse during adulthood has been linked with an increase in clinically diagnosed anxiety disorders, yet the etiology and neurochemical mechanisms of alcohol-induced anxiety behavior is unknown. In this study, we determined the effects of binge ethanol exposure during puberty on two critical central regulators of stress and anxiety behavior: corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP). Our results showed that ethanol increased plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels in both sexes, yet binge-treated animals had significantly lower CORT levels than animals exposed to a single dose, suggesting that the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis habituated to the repeated stressful stimuli of ethanol. Binge ethanol exposure also significantly increased CRH and AVP gene expression in the paraventricular nucleus of males, but not females. Overall, our results demonstrate that binge ethanol exposure during puberty changes the central expression of stress-related genes in a sex-specific manner, potentially leading to permanent dysregulation of the HPA axis and long-term behavioral consequences.

Long-term consequences of prenatal exposure to lead on brain development in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ya. Ryzhavskii ◽  
O. A. Lebed’ko ◽  
D. S. Belolyubskaya ◽  
S. N. Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Long-term consequences after exposure to antiepileptic drugs in utero

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Forsberg ◽  
Katarina Wide
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Consequences of Prematurity on Cortisol Regulation and Adjustment Difficulties: A 9-Year Longitudinal Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Auriana Urfer ◽  
Hélène Turpin ◽  
Nevena Dimitrova ◽  
Ayala Borghini ◽  
Kerstin Jessica Plessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

A preterm birth represents a stressful event having potentially negative long-term consequences. Thirty-three children born preterm (<33 weeks gestational age) and eleven full-term children participated in a nine-year longitudinal study. Perinatal Risk Inventory (PERI) was used at birth to assess the perinatal stress. Salivary cortisol, collected four times a day over two consecutive days, was measured with radioimmunoassay technique at six months and nine years to assess the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Mothers reported post-traumatic symptoms on a self-report questionnaire 12 months after their child’s birth and children’s adjustment problems at 9 years of child age on the Child Behavior Checklist. Results showed a significant difference in cortisol regulation at nine years between preterm and full-term children but no differences in adjustment problems. Whereas biological factors (i.e., PERI, cortisol regulation at six months) explained cortisol at nine years, maternal post-traumatic symptoms were predictive of adjustment problems in their child. In conclusion, very preterm birth has some long-term consequences on the HPA-axis regulation at nine years. Although cortisol regulation is mostly influenced by biological factors, the presence of maternal post-traumatic symptoms predicts the manifestation of adjustment problems in both groups. This shows the importance of maternal psychological well-being for child development. Further research is needed to understand the exact consequences of premature birth on cortisol regulation and the implication for the child’s development and health.

scholarly journals Toxic and Teratogenic Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Fetal Development, Adolescence, and Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8785
Author(s):  
Dae D. Chung ◽  
Marisa R. Pinson ◽  
Lokeshwar S. Bhenderu ◽  
Michael S. Lai ◽  
Rhea A. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can have immediate and long-lasting toxic and teratogenic effects on an individual’s development and health. As a toxicant, alcohol can lead to a variety of physical and neurological anomalies in the fetus that can lead to behavioral and other impairments which may last a lifetime. Recent studies have focused on identifying mechanisms that mediate the immediate teratogenic effects of alcohol on fetal development and mechanisms that facilitate the persistent toxic effects of alcohol on health and predisposition to disease later in life. This review focuses on the contribution of epigenetic modifications and intercellular transporters like extracellular vesicles to the toxicity of PAE and to immediate and long-term consequences on an individual’s health and risk of disease.

scholarly journals Long-term consequences of in utero irradiated mice indicate proteomic changes in synaptic plasticity related signalling

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Kempf ◽  
Christine von Toerne ◽  
Stefanie M. Hauck ◽  
Michael J. Atkinson ◽  
Mohammed A. Benotmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Towards Tailored Gut Microbiome-Based and Dietary Interventions for Promoting the Development and Maintenance of a Healthy Brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Larroya ◽  
Jorge Pantoja ◽  
Pilar Codoñer-Franch ◽  
María Carmen Cenit
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Mental health is determined by a complex interplay between the Neurological Exposome and the Human Genome. Multiple genetic and non-genetic (exposome) factors interact early in life, modulating the risk of developing the most common complex neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with potential long-term consequences on health. To date, the understating of the precise etiology underpinning these neurological alterations, and their clinical management pose a challenge. The crucial role played by diet and gut microbiota in brain development and functioning would indicate that modulating the gut-brain axis may help protect against the onset and progression of mental-health disorders. Some nutritional deficiencies and gut microbiota alterations have been linked to NDDs, suggesting their potential pathogenic implications. In addition, certain dietary interventions have emerged as promising alternatives or adjuvant strategies for improving the management of particular NDDs, at least in particular subsets of subjects. The gut microbiota can be a key to mediating the effects of other exposome factors such as diet on mental health, and ongoing research in Psychiatry and Neuropediatrics is developing Precision Nutrition Models to classify subjects according to a diet response prediction based on specific individual features, including microbiome signatures. Here, we review current scientific evidence for the impact of early life environmental factors, including diet, on gut microbiota and neuro-development, emphasizing the potential long-term consequences on health; and also summarize the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying diet and gut microbiota influence on the brain–gut axis. Furthermore, we describe the evidence supporting the key role played by gut microbiota, diet and nutrition in neurodevelopment, as well as the effectiveness of certain dietary and microbiome-based interventions aimed at preventing or treating NDDs. Finally, we emphasize the need for further research to gain greater insight into the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiome and brain development. Such knowledge would help towards achieving tailored integrative treatments, including personalized nutrition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document