Neem, pawpaw and bamboo leaf meal dietary supplementation in broiler chickens: Effect on performance and health status

The current experiment was designed to estimate the comparative efficacy of selected phytobiotics Persicaria odorata leaf meal (POLM) and Piper betle leaf meal (PBLM) with halquinol, and tetracycline in broiler chickens. The 150-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups. The dietary supplementation groups were the basal diet (BD), which served as the negative control (NC), and BD + 0.2 g/kg tetracycline, which served as the positive control (PC); BD + 0.03 g/kg halquinol (HAL), BD + 8 g/kg POLM (Po8), and BD + 4 g/kg PBLM (Pb4) were the treatment groups. Growth performance, gut morphology, ileal digestibility, and cecal microbiota composition were measured. On day 21, the body weight gain (BWG) was enhanced (p < 0.05) in the broiler chickens fed on phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4) relative to the NC group, however, on day 42 and in terms of overall growth performance, BWG was enhanced (p < 0.05 in diets (Po8, Pb4, HAL and PC) in comparison with the NC group. Conversely, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded reduced (p < 0.05) in Pb4, Po8, HAL, and PC group in comparison with the NC group. Supplementation of phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4), HAL and PC, positively improved the gut morphology compared to the NC group. Furthermore, the maximum (p < 0.05) villus height (VH) in duodenum and jejunum was observed in broilers fed on diet Pb4. Supplementation of phytobiotics, HAL and PC, improved (p < 0.05) the digestibility of dry matter (DM) (except for HAL), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and ash compared to the NC group. Dietary supplementation of phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4), HAL and PC, significantly reduced the E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus (except for HAL) counts compared to the NC group. However, supplementation of Pb4 resulted in significantly decreased total anaerobic bacteria and Clostridium spp. counts compared to the NC group. In addition, supplementation of phytobiotics significantly increased the Lactobacillus count compared to HAL, PC, and NC groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of phytobiotics improved the gut morphology, positively modulated and maintained the dynamics of cecal microbiota with enhanced nutrient digestibility, thus, increased the growth performance. Based on current results, phytobiotics could be used as an alternative to AGPs for sustainable broiler chicken production.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Small Intestinal Mucosa of Broiler Chicken Fed With Centrosema (Centrosema pubescens L.) Leaf Meal

European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejfood.2019.1.2.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mark Joker Lamire Marcos ◽

Jojo Danao Cauilan ◽

Dunstan Rodney Anoling Galam ◽

Alford Glenn Castillo Mangoba

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Control Group ◽

Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Intestinal Villi ◽

Crypt Depth ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Randomized Design

A total of one hundred and twenty (120) day old chicks were carried out in a Completely Randomized Design to compare the intestinal villi height, villi width and crypt depth of broiler chicken fed with centrosema ( C. pubescens) leaf meal at dietary levels of 0, 2, 4 and 6% respectively. The results showed that broiler’s duodenal villi height was longest for broilers without leaf meal (T1) 1738.69 µm and the shortest for the broilers supplemented with 6 % C. pubescens leaf meal (T4) 883.10 µm. Duodenum villi width in broilers Treatment 4 had the longer and wider intestinal segments than those broilers in T2. Crypth depth of T2 were not significantly deeper (838.55 µm) over those broilers in Treatment 3 and 4 and the control group (T1). Jejunal villi height of the broilers supplemented with 2 % C. pubescens leaf meal had the longest villi height in T2 (1195.79 µm) and the shortest was measured on T4 (912.05 µm). Treatment 3 broilers had wider jejuna villous over those broilers in Treatments 4, 2 and 1 respectively. The jejunal crypt depth were deepest on T2 (362.45 µm) and the shallowest was recorded on T4 broilers with 255.82 µm. T1 the control group had the tallest ileum villi height over those broiler treated or supplemented with C. pubescens leaf meal. Broilers in T3 had wider ileum villous with 109.46 µm while narrower villi width was observed in T2 broilers with 66.86 µm. Treatment 3 were the deepest ileum crypth depth with 362.40 µm and the shallowest was measured on (T4) (259.23 µm). The inclusion of the different levels of centrosema leaf meal (CLM) did not influenced the growth performance of broiler, however the supplementation of centrosema leaf meal (CLM) on the diet tend to increased body weight of the broiler chicken with the highest rates at T3. The effect of dietary supplementation on the intestinal villi of broilers did not show any variation in terms of the villi height, villi width and crypt depth and results were in congruence with the result of growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and feed conversion ratio. The dietary supplementation of C. pubescens in broiler chicken rations can be add as protein supplement in broilers diet although not significantly different with the use of commercial feeds, addition of CLM in the ration can be advantageous in minimizing production cost. It is recommended to conduct further studies using higher levels C. pubescens and also the use of colored broiler chickens.

Download Full-text

Effects of feeding Isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response of broiler chickens

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v3i2.4256 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 150-157

Author(s):

Khalid M. Gaafar

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Flu Vaccine ◽

Lipids Profile

The research was conducted to study the effect of feeding broiler chickens on diets containing isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response. 90-one day old broiler chicks were used according to completely randomized two treatment groups and one control, 30 birds each. Birds fed ad-libitum on basal starter and grower-finisher diets for 35 day. Diets of treatment`s groups contained 0.5 g/Kg and 1 g/Kg of Isomaltooligosaccharides, while the control group fed on the basal diets without Isomaltooligosaccharides supplementation. Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with Isomaltooligosaccharides improved body weight, feed conversion, carcass traits, two lymphoid organs weight and log antibody titer against avian flu vaccine. Most of the highest values were for birds fed low levels of Isomaltooligosaccharides. Feed intake decreases as Isomaltooligosaccharides level increases. Dietary supplementation with Isomaltooligosaccharides did not affect the lipids profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL), however the blood VLDL levels decreased with increased levels of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione reductase. Collectively, Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with 0.5 g/Kg diet of Isomaltooligosaccharides improved growth performance, carcass traits and immune status.

Download Full-text