Optimisation modelling of fluid bed drying and coating technique to control fungal growth and aflatoxin content in paddy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nittaya Junka ◽  
Chaiwat Rattanamechaiskul
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Aflatoxin Content ◽  
Fluid Bed

Effect of Different Postharvest Drying Temperatures on Aspergillus flavus Survival and Aflatoxin Content in Five Maize Hybrids

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1521-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEIGH K. HAWKINS ◽  
GARY L. WINDHAM ◽  
W. PAUL WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Aflatoxin Content ◽  
Kernel Infection ◽  
Aflatoxin Concentration ◽  
Natural Infestation

After harvest, maize is dried artificially to halt fungal growth and mycotoxin production while in postharvest storage. The process often limits harvest capacity and has been a frequent cause of seed injury. Higher drying temperatures could lead to shorter drying periods and faster turnover; however, there is often a deterioration of the physical grain quality, including increased breakage susceptibility and loss of viability. The goals of this study were to determine the effect of different postharvest drying temperatures on Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides survival and aflatoxin content in maize and to determine the viability of the seed. Five corn hybrids varying in resistance to A. flavus were side needle–inoculated with A. flavus, harvested at physiological maturity, and dried at temperatures ranging from 40 to 70°C. Kernels were evaluated for aflatoxin, stress cracks, germination, and kernel infection by A. flavus and a natural infestation of F. verticillioides. Drying temperature had no effects on aflatoxin concentration given the heat stability of the toxin. With increased temperatures from 40 to 70°C, germination decreased significantly, from 96 to 27%, and stress cracks increased significantly (1.4 up to 18.7). At temperatures above 60°C, F. verticillioides kernel infection was significantly reduced to less than 18%. At 70°C, there was a significant reduction in A. flavus kernel infection, from 11 to 3%. This information is useful in determining a range of temperatures that can be used for drying seed when fungal infection, stress cracks, and seed viability are of interest.

Physical characterization of lansoprazole/PVP solid dispersion prepared by fluid-bed coating technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingwang Zhang ◽  
Ningyun Sun ◽  
Baojian Wu ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Tianzheng Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Fluid Bed Coating

scholarly journals MYCOFLORA AND AFLATOXIN LEVELS IN WALNUT SAMPLES STORED IN DIFFERENT PACKAGING MATERIALS IN OGUN STATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
E.O. ONI ◽  
A. ALADESIDA ◽  
T.M. OBUOTOR ◽  
F.O. ALDER ◽  
A.O. BADMOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Aflatoxin Level ◽  
Aflatoxin Content ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Post Harvesting

Aflatoxin levels in nuts and fruits pose a great threat to food storage and availability. This study aimed at determining the mycoflora and aflatoxin level in stored walnut under various conditions.  Freshly harvested walnuts were stored for 90 days  in three different media: jute bags, Plastic containers and sterile polythene bags under room (37ᵒC) and refrigeration (4ᵒC) temperature. After 90 days of storage, the stored walnuts were examined for fungal growth at one month interval after which colonial and morphological characterization were carried out to identify the fungi present. Proximate analysis and aflatoxin content of the walnut samples were determined by standard methods. Fungi isolated from the walnuts include; Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Penicillum notatum, Aspergillus sydowi, Fusarium oxysporium, and Rhizopus stolonifer. Walnuts stored in plastic container at room temperature had the lowest aflatoxin level of 0.002 ng/kg while that stored in polythene bags had the highest (0.054 ng/kg).  Proximate analysis also revealed that walnuts stored in polythene bag reduced significantly (p<0.05) in protein, ash content, fat, fibre, moisture and carbohydrates while samples stored in jute bag and plastic container remained unchanged. This study shows that storage methods contributed to the overall quality, shelf life and aflatoxin content of walnut and hence care should be taken during post harvesting process.    

Novel Extended-Release Multiple-Unit System of Imidafenacin Prepared by Fluid-Bed Coating Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2639-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taek Hwan Shin ◽  
Sung Hyun Im ◽  
Min Su Goh ◽  
Eun Seok Lee ◽  
Myoung Jin Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Unit System ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Multiple Unit ◽  
Fluid Bed Coating

scholarly journals Relationship Between Aflatoxin Content and Buoyancy of Florunner Peanut Kernels

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Kirksey ◽  
R. J. Cole ◽  
J. W. Dorner
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Lumen Volume ◽  
Aflatoxin Content ◽  
Hollow Space ◽  
Flotation Method

Abstract A water flotation method was used to study the distribution of aflatoxin relative to kernel density in naturally contaminated samples of shelled farmers stock peanuts. Five-hundred gram samples of visibly undamaged, contaminated peanuts were added to 2000 mL of tapwater, and approximately 15–30% of the kernels rose to the surface as buoyant kernels. These buoyant kernels contained an average of 95 + % of the total sample aflatoxin content. Buoyant kernels, when examined internally, all had a hollow space or “lumen” inside the kernel between the two cotyledons. Data showed an association between aflatoxin content, kernel lumen volume, and the propensity of kernels to float. The lumen may provide a reservoir of air for flotation, fungal growth, and aflatoxin production. The positive association between the presence of a lumen and aflatoxin contamination may provide a possible resistance strategy, if the presence or absence of a lumen is genetically controlled or if it can be manipulated physiologically.

Enhanced dissolution of silymarin/polyvinylpyrrolidone solid dispersion pellets prepared by a one-step fluid-bed coating technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningyun Sun ◽  
Xiuli Wei ◽  
Baojian Wu ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Enhanced Dissolution ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
One Step ◽  
Fluid Bed Coating

Piroxicam/2‐Hydroxypropyl‐β‐Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex Prepared by a New Fluid‐Bed Coating Technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingwang Zhang ◽  
Danni Wu ◽  
Jie Lai ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Zongning Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Cyclodextrin Inclusion ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex ◽  
Fluid Bed Coating

Studies on the Fungal Pathogen of Dutch Elm Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
H.M. Mazzone ◽  
G. Wray ◽  
R. Zerillo
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Control Plate

The fungal pathogen of the Dutch elm disease (DED), Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) C. Moreau, has eluded effective control since its introduction in the United States more than sixty years ago. Our studies on DED include establishing biological control agents against C. ulmi. In this report we describe the inhibitory action of the antibiotic polymyxin B on the causal agent of DED.In screening a number of antibiotics against C. ulmi, we observed that filter paper discs containing 300 units (U) of polymyxin B (Difco Laboratories) per disc, produced zones of inhibition to the fungus grown on potato dextrose agar or Sabouraud agar plates (100mm x 15mm), Fig. 1a. Total inhibition of fungal growth on a plate occurred when agar overlays containing fungus and antibiotic (polymyxin B sulfate, ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) were poured on the underlying agar growth medium. The agar overlays consisted of the following: 4.5 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus (control plate); 4.0 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus, 0.5 ml of polymyxin B sulfate (77,700 U). Fig. 1, b and c, compares a control plate and polymyxin plate after seven days.

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