Development of an environmental impact reduction strategy for Australia's Antarctic infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Lockrey ◽  
Karli Verghese ◽  
Enda Crossin ◽  
Gordon Young
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Impact Reduction

scholarly journals Multi-objective optimization identifies trade-offs between self-sufficiency and environmental impacts of regional agriculture in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Christian Buschbeck ◽  
Larissa Bitterich ◽  
Christian Hauenstein ◽  
Stefan Pauliuk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Political Targets

Regional food supply, organic farming, and changing food consumption are three major strategies to reduce the environmental impacts of the agricultural sector. In the German Federal State of Baden-Württemberg (population: 11 million), multiple policy and economic incentives drive the uptake of these three strategies, but quantitative assessments of their overall impact abatement potential are lacking. Here, the question of how much food can be produced regionally while keeping environmental impacts within political targets is tackled by comparing a scenario of maximum productivity to an optimal solution obtained with a multi-objective optimization (MO) approach. The investigation covers almost the entirety of productive land in the state, two production practices (organic or conventional), four environmental impact categories, and three demand scenarios (base, vegetarian, and vegan). We present an area-based indicator to quantify the self-sufficiency of regional food supply, as well as the database required for its calculation. Environmental impacts are determined using life cycle assessment. Governmental goals for reducing environmental impacts from agriculture are used by the MO to determine and later rate the different Pareto-efficient solutions, resulting in an optimal solution for regional food supply under environmental constraints. In the scenario of maximal output, self-sufficiency of food supply ranged between 61% and 66% (depending on the diet), and most political targets could not be met. On the other hand, the optimal solution showed a higher share of organic production (ca. 40%–80% com¬pared to 0%) and lower self-sufficiency values (between 40% and 50%) but performs substantially better in meeting political targets for environmental impact reduction. At the county level, self-sufficiency varies between 2% for densely populated urban districts and 80% for rural counties. These results help policy-makers benchmark and refine their goalsetting regarding regional self-sufficiency and environmental impact reduction, thus ensuring effective policymaking for sustainable community development.

Environmental impact reduction as a result of cleaner production implementation: a case study in the truck industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 681-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Cardoso de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Oduvaldo Vendrametto ◽  
Irenilza Alencar Naas ◽  
Nivaldo Luiz Palmeri ◽  
Wagner Cezar Lucato
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Impact Reduction

scholarly journals Environmental impact modeling of selective laser sintering processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Kellens ◽  
Renaldi Renaldi ◽  
Wim Dewulf ◽  
Jean-pierre Kruth ◽  
Joost R. Duflou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact Reduction

Purpose – This paper aims to present parametric models to estimate the environmental footprint of the selective laser sintering (SLS)’ production phase, covering energy and resource consumption as well as process emissions. Additive manufacturing processes such as (SLS) are often considered to be more sustainable then conventional manufacturing methods. However, quantitative analyses of the environmental impact of these processes are still limited and mainly focus on energy consumption. Design/methodology/approach – The required Life Cycle Inventory data are collected using the CO2PE! – Methodology, including time, power, consumables and emission studies. Multiple linear regression analyses have been applied to investigate the interrelationships between product design features on the one hand and production time (energy and resource consumption) on the other hand. Findings – The proposed parametric process models provide accurate estimations of the environmental footprint of SLS processes based on two design features, build height and volume, and help to identify and quantify measures for significant impact reduction of both involved products and the supporting machine tools. Practical implications – The gained environmental insight can be used as input for ecodesign activities, as well as environmental comparison of alternative manufacturing process plans. Originality/value – This article aims to overcome the current lack of environmental impact models, covering energy and resource consumption as well as process emissions for SLS processes.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF REPAIR OF HIGHWAY BRI DGE BASED ON EXAMPLES AND MEASURES OF IMPACT REDUCTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Kenji KAWAI ◽  
Yusuke AOKI ◽  
Yuta IWATANI ◽  
Kiyoshi HONJO ◽  
Masahiro NAKANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Reduction

A Note on Hydraulic Leaks for Mobile Equipment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud I. Awad ◽  
Ali A. Alkelani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Face Seal ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
The Many ◽  
Reduction Cost

Leaks in general and hydraulic leaks in specific are one of the major failure modes for mobile equipment. In-plant leak rates may range from 1 to 25%, while field leaks may range from 1 to 13% depending on the complexity of the system, assembly process, and parts quality. In this paper, the main potential leak causes are discussed and the performance of different types of fittings is compared; including JIC 37 Flare Fittings, O-Ring Boss Seal, and O-Ring Face Seal. Several potential improvement actions related to assembly process, torque specifications, and quality of manufactured fittings are recommended to reduce leaks. Among the many benefits leak reduction will result in are customer safety and satisfaction, assembly down time reduction, cost and warranty reduction, and environmental impact reduction.

scholarly journals VALORISATION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS FOR THE SPANISH CERAMIC TILE INDUSTRY

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David ALFONSO ◽  
Ana MEZQUITA ◽  
Eliseo MONFORT ◽  
Daniel GABALDÓN-ESTEVAN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Agricultural Biomass ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Biomass Resources

Since ceramic tile industry is an energy intensive industry, European ceramic companies are challenged to reduce their CO2 emissions in the medium and long-term. According the Roadmap for moving to a low-carbon economy in 2050 (European Commission, 2011) the objective is to achieve a reduction in CO2 emissions of between 34 % and 40 % by 2030, and between 83 % and 87 % by 2050. In the present paper we present a study on the viability of the incorporation of biofuels in the energy mix of the Spanish ceramic industry with the objective of (1) identifying the potential use of biomass resources, with a special focus of forest and agricultural biomass, in the manufacturing process of ceramic tile products; (2) identify in what part of the production process it can be introduced; and (3) calculate the reduced environmental impact from the manufacture of ceramic materials through a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. In order to proceed we firstly present the relevant state of the art for the study of the use of biomass for the ceramic manufacturing process. We continue with the methodology for biomass resources evaluation and present relevant data on forest and agricultural biomass for the ceramic tile industry. We then present data on the evolution and actual energy demand of the ceramic tile industry to characterize its energy demand. And then we identify an opportunity for biomass use in a specific phase of the manufacture of ceramic products, estimating the savings of fossil fuels and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and therefore assessing the environmental impact reduction through the introduction of biomass in the manufacturing process of ceramic tile products.

scholarly journals CONCRETE USING PORTLAND BLAST FURNACE SLAG CEMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REDUCTION

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Hisashi SAITO ◽  
Motohiro NISHI ◽  
Yasunori SUZUKI ◽  
Tetsuo KOBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Furnace Slag
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