Cocktail clustering - a new hierarchical agglomerative algorithm for extracting species groups in vegetation databases

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Bruelheide
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Databases ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Agglomerative Algorithm

Habitat models and their transfer for single and multi species groups: a case study of carabids in an alluvial forest

Ecography ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aletta Bonn ◽  
Boris Schroder
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Models ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Alluvial Forest

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping data

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Šlachta ◽  
Jan Frelich ◽  
Tomáš Tonka
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nested Anova ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Dung Decomposition

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping dataAn analysis of data on the dry weight biomass of coprophagous beetles in standardized dung (4.5 l) was conducted in order to characterize the spatial and the seasonal distribution of the beetles' biomass in cattle pastures and to elucidate their function in dung decomposition. Nested Anova with factors of farm, site (nested in farm), seasonal period and year was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on the biomass of four functional species groups: the dung dwellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyAphodiinae), the dung dwellers ofHydrophilidae, the small tunnellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyCoprinae) and the large tunnellers ofGeotrupidae. The spatial variation of biomass (between the sites and the farms) was insignificant (P>0.05) in the two dung-dweller groups and in the large-tunnellers group. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation of biomass was found in all but the large tunneller group. In dung dwellers, the spring biomass was formed mainly by two species,Aphodius prodromusandA. sphacelatus. In summer, most of the biomass was accounted for bySphaeridium lunatum, S. scarabaeoidesandA. rufipes. In the two tunneller groups,Onthophagus fracticornis, Geotrupes stercorariusandG. spinigerformed a majority of the biomass in dung.

Review of species of the genus Cercyon of Russia and adjacent regions. VI. Subgenus Cercyon, the C.shinanensis group (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Ryndevich ◽  
H. Hoshina ◽  
A.A. Prokin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Kunashir Island ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Russian Far East

The Cercyon shinanensis species group with two included species is erected within the nominotypical subgenus of Cercyon Leach, 1817. This group is compared with other Palaearctic species groups of Cercyon s. str. The little-known C. shinanensis Nakane, 1965 from Japan (Honshu) is redescribed and its diagnostic features are given. Cercyon sundukovi sp. nov. is described from the Russian Far East (Kunashir Island).

Discovery of Systenus in the Afrotropical Region with a description of a new species (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
I.Ya. Grichanov ◽  
M.B. Mostovski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Afrotropical Region ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The genus Systenus Loew, 1857 is recorded from Afrotropical Region for the first time. A description of a new species, Systenus africanus Grichanov sp. nov., and notes on females of another probably new Afrotropical species are provided. The genus is considered now as cosmopolitan. A key to species and species groups of the Systenus worldwide is compiled.

Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLV: More New Species and Taxonomic Changes in Palicourea (Rubiaceae, Palicoureeae) and Psychotria subg. Heteropsychotria

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-195
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Psychotria subg. Heteropsychotria Steyerm. has been shown by morphological and molecular analyses to be polyphyletic. Most of its species, including its type, belong to Palicourea Aubl. (“Pal.”). Thirty-two species of this group are reviewed here, and 17 species in Psychotria L. are transferred to Palicourea and one to Rudgea Salisb. Two replacement names, Pal. agudeloana C. M. Taylor and Pal. tabayensis C. M. Taylor, are published. Taxonomic studies here clarify circumscriptions of similar, often-confused species for several distinctive species groups found variously in Mesoamerica and the Andes: the Palicourea aschersonianoides group, the Palicourea galeottiana group, the Palicourea sulphurea group, and the Palicourea tristis group. Three new species of Palicourea are described: Pal. aschersonianula C. M. Taylor, Pal. gonzaleziana C. M. Taylor, and Pal. wachterae C. M. Taylor. Nineteen names are newly typified, and infrageneric classifications are noted for the species of Palicourea studied.

scholarly journals Environment and Local Substrate Availability Effects on Harem Formation in a Polygynous Bark Beetle

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Griffin ◽  
Matthew R. E. Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Substrate Availability ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Animal Groups ◽  
Ips Grandicollis ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Species Groups

Many forms of polygyny are observed across different animal groups. In some species, groups of females may remain with a single male for breeding, often referred to as “harem polygyny”. The environment and the amount of habitat available for feeding, mating and oviposition may have an effect on the formation of harems. We aimed to determine how the surrounding environment (a harvested or unharvested pine plantation) and availability of local substrate affect the harems of the bark beetle, Ips grandicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). In a harvested pine plantation with large amounts of available habitat, the population density of these beetles is much higher than in unharvested plantations. We found the number of females per male to be significantly greater in the harvested plantation than the unharvested one. Additionally, the amount of substrate available in the immediate local vicinity (the number of logs in replicate piles) also influences the number of beetles attracted to a log and size of individual harems. We also examined how females were distributing themselves in their galleries around the males’ nuptial chamber, as previous work has demonstrated the potential for competition between neighbouring females and their offspring. Females do not perform clumping, suggesting some avoidance when females make their galleries, but they also do not distribute themselves evenly. Female distribution around the male’s nuptial chamber appears to be random, and not influenced by other females or external conditions.

Odontopleura (Trilobita, Silurian), and a method of constrained congruency analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Adrain ◽  
Brian D. E. Chatterton
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Directed Tree ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Universe ◽  
A New Species

Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica, a new species of odontopleurine trilobite, is described from the Canadian Arctic. A method of cladistic analysis is detailed. Parsimony analysis should be performed treating all characters as unordered. The universe of directed trees implied by the resulting rootless network(s) can then be examined and a preferred tree selected by a criterion of congruency. Namely, the most parsimonious directed tree that accommodates the most congruent arrangement of character-states should be taken as the preferred cladogram. Since this is essentially a general congruency method operating within the constraints of parsimony, it is termed “constrained congruency.” The method is applied to the genus Odontopleura, resulting in the recognition of two major species groups, the nominate subgenus and Sinespinaspis n. subgen. Odontopleura (Ivanopleura) dufrenoyi Barrande is tentatively included in the genus, but considered too poorly known for cladistic analysis. Species assigned to Odontopleura (Odontopleura) include Odontopleura ovata Emmrich, Odontopleura brevigena Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura (Odontopleura) arctica n. sp., and Diacanthaspis serotina Apollonov. Species assigned to Sinespinaspis n. subgen. include Taemasaspis llandoveryana Šnajdr, Odontopleura greenwoodi Chatterton and Perry, Odontopleura maccallai Chatterton and Perry, and Odontopleura nehedensis Chatterton and Perry. Odontopleura bombini Chatterton and Perry is tentatively placed in synonymy with Odontopleura nehedensis. The genus had a wide distribution throughout the Early and Middle Silurian, due to preferences for deep-water, distal shelf or shelf-slope transition zone habitats.

Discovery of New Genera Challenges the Subtribal Classification of Tok-Tok Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Sepidiini)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia M Gearner ◽  
Marcin J Kamiński ◽  
Kojun Kanda ◽  
Kali Swichtenberg ◽  
Aaron D Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Darkling Beetles ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Sepidiini is a speciose tribe of desert-inhabiting darkling beetles, which contains a number of poorly defined taxonomic groups and is in need of revision at all taxonomic levels. In this study, two previously unrecognized lineages were discovered, based on morphological traits, among the extremely speciose genera Psammodes Kirby, 1819 (164 species and subspecies) and Ocnodes Fåhraeus, 1870 (144 species and subspecies), namely the Psammodes spinosus species-group and Ocnodes humeralis species-group. In order to test their phylogenetic placement, a phylogeny of the tribe was reconstructed based on analyses of DNA sequences from six nonoverlapping genetic loci (CAD, wg, COI JP, COI BC, COII, and 28S) using Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference methods. The aforementioned, morphologically defined, species-groups were recovered as distinct and well-supported lineages within Molurina + Phanerotomeina and are interpreted as independent genera, respectively, Tibiocnodes Gearner & Kamiński gen. nov. and Tuberocnodes Gearner & Kamiński gen. nov. A new species, Tuberocnodes synhimboides Gearner & Kamiński sp. nov., is also described. Furthermore, as the recovered phylogenetic placement of Tibiocnodes and Tuberocnodes undermines the monophyly of Molurina and Phanerotomeina, an analysis of the available diagnostic characters for those subtribes is also performed. As a consequence, Phanerotomeina is considered as a synonym of the newly redefined Molurina sens. nov. Finally, spectrograms of vibrations produced by substrate tapping of two Molurina species, Toktokkus vialis (Burchell, 1822) and T. synhimboides, are presented.

Mollusc successions reveal northward postglacial shifts of Alpine species ranges (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic)

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110116
Author(s):  
Lucie Juřičková ◽  
Jakub Menšík ◽  
Jitka Horáčková ◽  
Vojen Ložek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

The Alps are an important hotspot of species diversity and endemism, as well as a presumed glacial refugium of several species’ groups including land snails. The recent ranges of Alpine endemics are well known, but their fluctuations during the postglacial period mirroring local climate changes are understudied. By analysing five Late Glacial and Holocene mollusc successions from two areas in the southernmost part of the Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic) situated about 100 km north of the Alps, we reveal details of these fluctuations. The Alpine endemic rocky dweller Chilostoma achates had reached the southern part of the Bohemian Massif already in the Late Glacial and disappeared in the Mid-Holocene canopy forest optimum. On the contrary, the northern boundaries of Alpine canopy forest epigeic snails extended further north than today at the turn of the Middle and Late-Holocene, pointing to a more favourable forest microclimate. The earliest known occurrences of several temperate canopy forest central European species, especially Causa holosericea and Discus perspectivus, imply the role of different areas in the Alps as their glacial refugia.

Wood and Bark Anatomy of Lauraceae. ii. Licaria Aublet

IAWA Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Georg Richter
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Structural Profile ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Bark Anatomy

Qualitative features of the secondary xylem of Licaria present a rather uniform structural profile. Constant differences in primarily quantitative characters lead to the formation of speeies groups wh ich loosely correspond to infrageneric sections based on floral and vegetative morphology. This subdivision is strongly corroborated by the highly variable secondary phloem structurc revealing considerable diversity in type and distribution of sc1erenchymatic tissues. Inorganic inclusions in the secondary xylem, crystals and silica, constitute an important diagnostic tool for differentiating certain species and species groups, but are hardly of importance in the bark.

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