Permafrost thaw with warming reduces microbial metabolic capacities in sub‐surface soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linwei Wu ◽  
Felix Yang ◽  
Jiajie Feng ◽  
Xuanyu Tao ◽  
Qi Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soils ◽  
Permafrost Thaw

scholarly journals Permafrost carbon−climate feedback is sensitive to deep soil carbon decomposability but not deep soil nitrogen dynamics

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (12) ◽  
pp. 3752-3757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Koven ◽  
David M. Lawrence ◽  
William J. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Permafrost soils contain enormous amounts of organic carbon whose stability is contingent on remaining frozen. With future warming, these soils may release carbon to the atmosphere and act as a positive feedback to climate change. Significant uncertainty remains on the postthaw carbon dynamics of permafrost-affected ecosystems, in particular since most of the carbon resides at depth where decomposition dynamics may differ from surface soils, and since nitrogen mineralized by decomposition may enhance plant growth. Here we show, using a carbon−nitrogen model that includes permafrost processes forced in an unmitigated warming scenario, that the future carbon balance of the permafrost region is highly sensitive to the decomposability of deeper carbon, with the net balance ranging from 21 Pg C to 164 Pg C losses by 2300. Increased soil nitrogen mineralization reduces nutrient limitations, but the impact of deep nitrogen on the carbon budget is small due to enhanced nitrogen availability from warming surface soils and seasonal asynchrony between deeper nitrogen availability and plant nitrogen demands. Although nitrogen dynamics are highly uncertain, the future carbon balance of this region is projected to hinge more on the rate and extent of permafrost thaw and soil decomposition than on enhanced nitrogen availability for vegetation growth resulting from permafrost thaw.

Loading Mechanisms in Thawed Permafrost Around Arctic Wells

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Body Force ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Stiffness Reduction

Four permafrost thaw-subsidence loading mechanisms are described for inducing casing strain. Phase change contraction in ice rich soil and consolidation with fluid flow are more likely to occur in surface and near surface soils. Stiffness reduction and pore pressure reduction are important in deep permafrost and generate body force-type loads. The equations for stiffness reduction loading are presented in terms of an elastic model. The effects of lithology and thaw variations on casing loads are examined in the context of the four mechanisms.

ASSESSING HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN THE SURFACE SOILS OF CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilgehan Yabgu HORASAN ◽  
◽  
Fetullah ARIK
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Surface Soils

Element concentrations and trends for moss, lichen, and surface soils in and near Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Crock ◽  
L.P. Gough ◽  
D.R. Mangis ◽  
K.L. Curry ◽  
D.L. Fey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Element Concentrations ◽  
Denali National Park

scholarly journals A synthesis of three decades of hydrological research at Scotty Creek, NWT, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2015-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Quinton ◽  
Aaron Berg ◽  
Michael Braverman ◽  
Olivia Carpino ◽  
Laura Chasmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Hydrology And Water Resources ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Processes

Abstract. Scotty Creek, Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada, has been the focus of hydrological research for nearly three decades. Over this period, field and modelling studies have generated new insights into the thermal and physical mechanisms governing the flux and storage of water in the wetland-dominated regions of discontinuous permafrost that characterises much of the Canadian and circumpolar subarctic. Research at Scotty Creek has coincided with a period of unprecedented climate warming, permafrost thaw, and resulting land cover transformations including the expansion of wetland areas and loss of forests. This paper (1) synthesises field and modelling studies at Scotty Creek, (2) highlights the key insights of these studies on the major water flux and storage processes operating within and between the major land cover types, and (3) provides insights into the rate and pattern of the permafrost-thaw-induced land cover change and how such changes will affect the hydrology and water resources of the study region.

Deep roots of Carex aquatilis have greater ammonium uptake capacity than shallow roots in peatlands following permafrost thaw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas J. Albano ◽  
Merritt R. Turetsky ◽  
Michelle C. Mack ◽  
Evan S. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Uptake ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Carex Aquatilis ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Shallow Roots

scholarly journals Population living on permafrost in the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Justine Ramage ◽  
Leneisja Jungsberg ◽  
Shinan Wang ◽  
Sebastian Westermann ◽  
Hugues Lantuit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Permafrost Thaw ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
High Hazard

AbstractPermafrost thaw is a challenge in many Arctic regions, one that modifies ecosystems and affects infrastructure and livelihoods. To date, there have been no demographic studies of the population on permafrost. We present the first estimates of the number of inhabitants on permafrost in the Arctic Circumpolar Permafrost Region (ACPR) and project changes as a result of permafrost thaw. We combine current and projected populations at settlement level with permafrost extent. Key findings indicate that there are 1162 permafrost settlements in the ACPR, accommodating 5 million inhabitants, of whom 1 million live along a coast. Climate-driven permafrost projections suggest that by 2050, 42% of the permafrost settlements will become permafrost-free due to thawing. Among the settlements remaining on permafrost, 42% are in high hazard zones, where the consequences of permafrost thaw will be most severe. In total, 3.3 million people in the ACPR live currently in settlements where permafrost will degrade and ultimately disappear by 2050.

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential for Mobilization of Old Soil Carbon After Permafrost Thaw: A Synthesis of 14 C Measurements From the Northern Permafrost Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Estop‐Aragonés ◽  
David Olefeldt ◽  
Benjamin W. Abbott ◽  
Jeffrey P. Chanton ◽  
Claudia I. Czimczik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Permafrost Thaw

Variation of Properties in Surface Soils from a Prior Lake‐Bed (Lake Askuris, Greece) Farmed for Over 90 Years

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 352-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Karyotis ◽  
Athanasios Charoulis ◽  
John Alexiou ◽  
Miltiades Tziouvalekas ◽  
Theodore Mitsimponas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soils
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