scholarly journals Genetic architecture underlying the lignin biosynthesis pathway involves noncoding RNAs and transcription factors for growth and wood properties in Populus

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Quan ◽  
Qingzhang Du ◽  
Liang Xiao ◽  
Wenjie Lu ◽  
Longxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway

scholarly journals MYB Transcription Factors and Its Regulation in Secondary Cell Wall Formation and Lignin Biosynthesis during Xylem Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3560
Author(s):  
Ruixue Xiao ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Xiaorui Guo ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Wall Formation

The secondary wall is the main part of wood and is composed of cellulose, xylan, lignin, and small amounts of structural proteins and enzymes. Lignin molecules can interact directly or indirectly with cellulose, xylan and other polysaccharide molecules in the cell wall, increasing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of plant cells and tissues and facilitating the long-distance transportation of water in plants. MYBs (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) belong to one of the largest superfamilies of transcription factors, the members of which regulate secondary cell-wall formation by promoting/inhibiting the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, and xylan. Among them, MYB46 and MYB83, which comprise the second layer of the main switch of secondary cell-wall biosynthesis, coordinate upstream and downstream secondary wall synthesis-related transcription factors. In addition, MYB transcription factors other than MYB46/83, as well as noncoding RNAs, hormones, and other factors, interact with one another to regulate the biosynthesis of the secondary wall. Here, we discuss the biosynthesis of secondary wall, classification and functions of MYB transcription factors and their regulation of lignin polymerization and secondary cell-wall formation during wood formation.

scholarly journals Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation of Lignin Biosynthesis Pathway Genes in Populus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Gerald A. Tuskan ◽  
Timothy J. Tschaplinski ◽  
Wellington Muchero ◽  
Jin-Gui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

scholarly journals Large-scale meta-analysis across East Asian and European populations updated genetic architecture and variant-driven biology of rheumatoid arthritis, identifying 11 novel susceptibility loci

2020 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2020-219065
Author(s):  
Eunji Ha ◽  
Sang-Cheol Bae ◽  
Kwangwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chromatin Interaction ◽  
Susceptibility Loci ◽  
European Populations

ObjectivesNearly 110 susceptibility loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with modest effect sizes have been identified by population-based genetic association studies, suggesting a large number of undiscovered variants behind a highly polygenic genetic architecture of RA. Here, we performed the largest-ever trans-ancestral meta-analysis with the aim to identify new RA loci and to better understand RA biology underlying genetic associations.MethodsGenome-wide RA association summary statistics in three large case–control collections consisting of 311 292 individuals of Korean, Japanese and European populations were used in an inverse-variance-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis. Several computational analyses using public omics resources were conducted to prioritise causal variants and genes, RA variant-implicating features (tissues, pathways and transcription factors) and potentially repurposable drugs for RA treatment.ResultsWe identified 11 new RA susceptibility loci that explained 6.9% and 1.8% of the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability in East Asians and Europeans, respectively, and confirmed 71 known non-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) susceptibility loci, identifying 90 independent association signals. The RA variants were preferentially located in binding sites of various transcription factors and in cell type-specific transcription–activation histone marks that simultaneously highlighted the importance of CD4+ T-cell activation and the potential role of non-immune organs in RA pathogenesis. A total of 615 plausible effector genes, based on gene-based associations, expression-associated variants and chromatin interaction, included targets of drugs approved for RA treatments and potentially repurposable drugs approved for other indications.ConclusionOur findings provide useful insights regarding RA genetic aetiology and variant-driven RA pathogenesis.

scholarly journals The in vivo impact of MsLAC1, a Miscanthus laccase isoform, on lignification and lignin composition contrasts with its in vitro substrate preference

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng He ◽  
Katja Machemer-Noonan ◽  
Philippe Golfier ◽  
Faride Unda ◽  
Johanna Dechert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Lignin Composition ◽  
Xylem Fibers ◽  
Breeding Target

Abstract Background Understanding lignin biosynthesis and composition is of central importance for sustainable bioenergy and biomaterials production. Species of the genus Miscanthus have emerged as promising bioenergy crop due to their rapid growth and modest nutrient requirements. However, lignin polymerization in Miscanthus is poorly understood. It was previously shown that plant laccases are phenol oxidases that have multiple functions in plant, one of which is the polymerization of monolignols. Herein, we link a newly discovered Miscanthus laccase, MsLAC1, to cell wall lignification. Characterization of recombinant MsLAC1 and Arabidopsis transgenic plants expressing MsLAC1 were carried out to understand the function of MsLAC1 both in vitro and in vivo. Results Using a comprehensive suite of molecular, biochemical and histochemical analyses, we show that MsLAC1 localizes to cell walls and identify Miscanthus transcription factors capable of regulating MsLAC1 expression. In addition, MsLAC1 complements the Arabidopsis lac4–2 lac17 mutant and recombinant MsLAC1 is able to oxidize monolignol in vitro. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing MsLAC1 show higher G-lignin content, although recombinant MsLAC1 seemed to prefer sinapyl alcohol as substrate. Conclusions In summary, our results suggest that MsLAC1 is regulated by secondary cell wall MYB transcription factors and is involved in lignification of xylem fibers. This report identifies MsLAC1 as a promising breeding target in Miscanthus for biofuel and biomaterial applications.

The AmMYB308 and AmMYB330 Transcription Factors from Antirrhinum Regulate Phenylpropanoid and Lignin Biosynthesis in Transgenic Tobacco

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lodovico Tamagnone ◽  
Angel Merida ◽  
Adrian Parr ◽  
Steve Mackay ◽  
Francisco A. Culianez-Macia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis

Perturbation of lignin biosynthesis pathway in Brassica napus (canola) plants using RNAi

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. -S. Bhinu ◽  
R. Li ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
S. Kaminskyj ◽  
A. Sharpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transgenic Seeds ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Negative Effect

Brassica napus meal contains high levels of lignin, which is one of the most important compositional factors affecting feed utilization by ruminants. We attempted to modify the concentration and composition of lignin in B. napus plants using the RNAi approach. Four genes were targeted for silencing by this approach either independently or in combination; caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H); coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H); ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase (F5H). We successfully developed transgenic B. napus lines expressing CaMV35S:C3H-C4H RNAi, CaMV35S:F5H-COMT RNAi, and Cruciferin:COMT RNAi that contained up to 40% less seed lignin in the transgenic seeds compared to the control. Despite successfully achieving suppression of these lignin biosynthesis genes and reduction in lignin content in B. napus seeds, we observed minor phenotypic effects on the transgenic plants. In lines carrying the cruciferin:COMT RNAi construct we observed a decrease in lignin content (40%) in the seed and anatomical variations when stem sections were examined. While our silencing had no major negative effect on plant growth it resulted in deformation of vessel elements, and minor changes in S-units. Taken together, these results clearly show that by employing RNAi strategy, it is possible to alter seed lignin content and composition in a manner non-detrimental to B. napus plants.Key words: Brassica napus, cruciferin, lignin, COMT, RNAi

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Bael (Aegle marmelos L.) a Member of Family Rutaceae

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Shashi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Cytochrome P450s ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genomic Resource ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractAegle marmelos is a medicinally and horticulturally important tree member of the family Rutaceae. It is native to India where it is also known as Bael. Despite its importance; the genomic resources of this plant are scarce. This study presented the first-ever report of expressed transcripts in the leaves of Aegle marmelos. A total of 133,616 contigs were assembled to 46,335 unigenes with the minimum and maximum lengths of 201 and 14,853 bp. There were 7002 transcription factors and 94,479 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The A. marmelos transcripts were also annotated based on information from other members of Rutaceae; namely Citrus clementine and Citrus sinensis. A total of 482 transcripts were annotated as cytochrome p450s (CYPs) and 314 transcripts were annotated as glucosyltransferases (GTs). In the A. marmelos leaves the monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway was predominant. This study provides an important genomic resource along with useful information about A. marmelos.

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