Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains

Total fatty-acid output in the intestinal lymph in rats and in the thoracic-duct lymph in dogs was studied during fasting and during a fat-free diet period. Daily total fatty-acid output in the intestinal lymph was found to be fairly constant during fasting or when the rat was fed a fat-free diet. There is an inverse relationship between total fatty-acid concentration and the volume of intestinal lymph. In the absence of pancreatic juice or of both bile and pancreatic juice, the total fatty-acid output in the thoracic-duct lymph in dogs was decreased to one-third or one-fourth that of the normal dog. The endogenous lipid metabolism of the intestine is discussed in relation to steatorrhea.

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Nutritional and Albumin Content of Swamp Fishes from Merauke, Papua, Indonesia

SQUALEN Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology ◽

10.15578/squalen.v11i3.268 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Rini Susilowati ◽

Sugiyono Sugiyono ◽

Ekowati Chasanah

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Total Fatty Acid ◽

Essential Amino Acid ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Anabas Testudineus ◽

Albumin Content ◽

Chemical Content ◽

Channa Striata

Study on chemical content of swamp fishes from Merauke has been conducted to obtain nutritional status of these fishes. Sampling was conducted twice (August and November 2015) in Merauke. There were six dominant fish species, namely striped snakehead (Channa striata), nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), tade gray mullet (Liza tade), philippine catfish (Clarias batrachus), barramundi (Lates calcarifer), and climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). Result on proximate analysis showed that the fishes had moisture content of 75.73±0.25%-81.45±0.04%, ash 0.94±0.01%-1.26±0.21%, protein 17.11±0.09%-18.92±0.05%, and lipid 0.59±0.19%-3.80±0.63%. The dominant essential amino acid of 6 swamp fishes from Merauke was lysine followed by leucine. Meanwhile the dominant non-essential amino acid was glutamic acid (32.26+0.61 mg/g), followed by aspartic acid. Calcium (Ca) was the dominant macro mineral for all fishes studied, being the highest was in nile tilapia (328.76±8.14 mg/100 g). Micro mineral was dominated by the presence of Selenium (Se) which the highest was in nile tilapia (0.084±0.005 mg/100g). These fishes were also rich in albumin, being the highest was stripe snakehead (138.59±1.68 mg/g). The average of total fatty acid showed that the fishes had saturated fatty acid (SFA) content of 46.30±0.27%, monosaturated fatty acid (MUFA) 9.20±1.6% and polyunsaturate fatty acid (PUFA) 34.49±0.44% of total fatty acid. From the result, it can be concluded that fish harvested from swamp of Merauke and surrounding area had a good nutritional value.

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Effects of Bypass Fat on Buffalo Carcass Characteristics, Meat Nutrient Contents and Profitability

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3042

Author(s):

Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi ◽

Fhaisol Mat Amin ◽

Hafandi Ahmad ◽

Norhariani Mohd Nor ◽

Goh Yong Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Total Fatty Acid ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Vital Role ◽

Brachiaria Decumbens ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Slaughter Weight ◽

Swamp Buffaloes ◽

Bypass Fat

The deposition and distribution of buffalo body fats play a vital role in the quality of the buffalo carcass and are of great commercial value, since the carcass quality influences the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effect a mixture of 4% bypass fat and 26% concentrate supplementations in buffalo basal diet had on both the carcass characteristics and the proximate and fatty acid composition in longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), supraspinatus (SS) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles of Murrah cross and swamp buffaloes. In addition, profit and loss analyses were performed to determine the profitability. This study employed a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two diets, two breeds and four replicates per treatment. A total of sixteen buffaloes (eight buffaloes per breed, bodyweight 98.64 ± 1.93 kg) were randomly assigned into two dietary groups. The first group was given Diet A, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 30% concentrate, whereas the second group was given Diet B, which consisted of 70% Brachiaria decumbens + 26% concentrate + 4% bypass fat. The buffaloes were fed for 730 days before slaughter. The results showed that supplemented bypass fat significantly (p < 0.05) increased the pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, meat:fat ratio, pH at 24 h, moisture and crude protein of LTL, ST and SS, the ether extract of LTL and ST and the meat fatty acid of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, PUFA n-6/n-3 and total MUFA. The carcass yield and carcass fat percentages, the ash content in ST, the EE in the SS muscle and the meat fatty acid of C18:3, total PUFA n-3, UFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Furthermore, Murrah cross showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher pre-slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weights, carcass bone percentage and total fatty acid, but a lower (p < 0.05) meat:bone ratio, ash of LTL and CP of LTL and ST when compared to swamp buffaloes. No significant changes were found in the proximate composition of different types of muscle, but the ST muscle revealed significantly high C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1, and the SS muscle had high C18:2 and total fatty acid (p < 0.05). Supplementing using bypass fat increased the cost of buffalo feeding but resulted in a higher revenue and net profit. In conclusion, the concentrate and bypass fat supplementations in the buffalo diet could alter the nutrient compositions of buffalo meat without a detrimental effect on carcass characteristics, leading to a higher profit.

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Effect of concentration of DHA nutrient-enhanced Artemia on the growth and physiology of the ridgetail white prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-bja10071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 29-43

Author(s):

Yu Wang ◽

Guangguang Li ◽

Zhen Han ◽

Guangwei Hu ◽

Binlun Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Total Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Optimal Choice ◽

Water Volume ◽

Control Group ◽

Exopalaemon Carinicauda ◽

Total Fatty Acid Content

Abstract Prawns of the species Exopalaemon carinicauda were fed with Artemia that had been enriched by either 1, or 3, or 5 g/l DHA powder. The feeding dose of Artemia offered to E. carinicauda was calculated according to the water volume, and maintained at 1-3 individuals/ml. After nutritional enrichment, the ratio of DHA content to total fatty acid content in Artemia was the highest (3.32%) after being fed 3 g/l DHA powder. The ratio of DHA content to total fatty acid content in the muscle tissue of E. carinicauda prawns fed with Artemia enhanced with 3 g/l DHA powder was also the highest (4.40%) achieved. Furthermore, when the concentration of fish oil DHA powder was 3 g/l, the survival rate of the prawns was significantly higher than in the control group, with the specific growth rate and weight gain reaching 11.39%/day, and 95.74%, respectively. In addition, the DHA-enhanced Artemia, at different concentrations, increased the non-specific immunity of individuals. The enzyme activity of T-AOC, SOD and AKP in the respective feeding groups of prawns was significantly higher, compared to the control group. Thus, Artemia enriched by 3 g/l DHA powder is proposed as an optimal choice for the offspring breeding of E. carinicauda.

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Spatial, seasonal, and within-plant variation in total fatty acid content and composition in the brown seaweeds Dictyota bartayresii and Dictyopteris australis (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae)

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-014-0474-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 1607-1622 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Björn J. Gosch ◽

Nicholas A. Paul ◽

Rocky de Nys ◽

Marie Magnusson

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Total Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Total Fatty Acid Content ◽

Plant Variation ◽

Brown Seaweeds

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Development of fatty acid esterification mechanisms in rat small intestine.

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1979.237.5.e399 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 237 (5) ◽

pp. E399 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Y F Shiau ◽

C Umstetter ◽

K Kendall ◽

O Koldovsky

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Total Fatty Acid ◽

Fetal Programming ◽

Rat Small Intestine ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Major Pathway ◽

Acid Esterification ◽

Fatty Acid Esterification

Fatty acid esterification was measured in fetal jejunal and ileal isografts implanted under the kidney capsules of adult host rats and compared to the age-controlled intestine grown in situ. Studies were conducted on the 21st, 35th, 49th, and 63rd postconceptional days, corresponding to prenatal, suckling, weaning, and weaned rats. Substantial fatty acid esterification activity was found in prenatal jejunum but not in ileum. A proximal-distal gradient of fatty acid esterification was observed in all groups grown in situ, but not in isografts. The monoglyceride pathway (MG-P) accounted for about one-third of total fatty acid esterification (TFAE) in jejunum grown in situ and remained constant through the study. In the ileum, MG-P was the major esterification pathway during the first 4 postnatal weeks, but decreased progressively after weaning to become insignificant in adult rats. TFAE fell in the jejunal isografts, whereas it increased in the ileum. MG-P remained as the major pathway in the implanted jejunum and ileum. Our studies suggest that luminal contents are probably the most important modulator for the development and maintenance of intestinal fatty acid esterification, and "fetal programming" manifested by changes in fatty acid esterification mechanisms in the isografts is less important.

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