Stormwater impact on water quality of rivers subjected to point sources and urbanization - the case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Dagnachew Adugna ◽  
Brook Lemma ◽  
Geremew Sahilu Gebrie ◽  
Larissa Larsen ◽  
Kumelachew Yeshitela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Point Sources

Bacterial Source Tracking of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using GIS and DNA Fingerprinting Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 208-223
Author(s):  
M. E. Folkoff ◽  
E. A. Venso ◽  
D. W. Harris ◽  
M. F. Frana ◽  
M. S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Bacterial Source Tracking

This study is only the second to use DNA fingerprinting technology in Maryland to identify fecal coliform sources in order to guide the implementation of water pollution control practices in a watershed with bacterial impairment. By combining the use of digital air photos and GPS with GIS, fieldwork is planned and conducted more efficiently because sample sites can be selected that accurately represent the physical environment of the study area. We can also return to the field and find our sample sites or locate new ones, even in the remotest part of the study area. It is also possible to more accurately map the data directly in the context of its physical environment, greatly increasing the quality of analysis. The integration of DNA fingerprinting techniques with GIS shows great promise for extending our capabilities to identify the controls on water quality and point sources of waterborne health hazards.

Study on Pollution Status of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Typical Reservoirs in Liaoning Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Chen Xi Mi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Quality Indexes

Through the analysis on the data of monitoring water quality of typical reservoirs in Liaoning province, the major reservoirs in the province are in the state of mesotrophication or even eutrophication. The main pollutants are DO-consumption organic pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. Despite years of special treatment, quality indexes about such nutrients are still high and they severely restrict improvement of the water quality. On the basis of the primary research, this article analyses the main reason for production of phosphorus and nitrogen, estimates the annual load of non point sources pollution and provides a basis for controlling of the pollution.

Modeling the effects of point and non-point source pollution on a diversion channel from Yellow River to an artificial lake in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1806-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. P. Gao ◽  
G. N. Li ◽  
G. R. Li ◽  
C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Diversion Channel ◽  
Wei River

The Dragon lake diversion channel (DLDC) is the only river that recharges Dragon Lake, an artificial lake in China. This paper examines the main factors influencing water quality by investigating point source and non-point source pollutants along the main route. Based on the complicated system of rivers and desilting basins, a three-dimensional water quality model using environmental fluid dynamics code (EFDC) was developed. The model of DLDC was calibrated and verified using observed data. The error ranges of river water level, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand were within 5%, 10%, 16% and 20%, respectively, all of which meet the precision requirement. The model was employed to predict the concentrations of pollutants in the main stream under current pollution loads within a year and a flood lasting for 24 hours. The results revealed that the main pollution sources that influence the water quality of waterways were the point sources followed by the non-point pollution sources. Water quality improved when large water quantities were delivered and this trend can be described as dilution. The water quality of the Dongfeng main channel meets the requirement; however, the water quality of the Dongfeng River is somewhat poor, and the water quality of the Wei River is seriously contaminated. To address these problems, we suggest that the Dongfeng River and Wei River adopt a culvert under its riverbeds.

scholarly journals Status of water use and water quality in the Khanka Lake basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.В. ГОРБАТЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Many

Для отдельных муниципальных территорий, расположенных в бассейне оз. Ханка, проведена комплексная оценка водопользования, в том числе точечных сбросов загрязняющих веществ предприятиями-водопользователями. Описан состав этих сбросов с указанием характерных для каждой территории и производственной отрасли загрязняющих веществ. Установлены водотоки с наибольшими объемами сбросов. Показано, что самыми загрязненными на протяжении многих лет являются небольшие реки с низкой самоочищающей способностью. Анализируются современные и ретроспективные особенности качественного состава речных вод бассейна в целом, приводится оценка динамики качества отдельных водотоков по удельным комбинаторным индексам загрязнения вод (УКИЗВ). At the level of municipal territories a comprehensive assessment of water use in the Khanka Lake basin, including point sources of polluting substances discharge by water use industrial enterprises, has been conducted. The composition of sewage with an indication of distinctive pollutants for every territory and industrial sector is analyzed. Watercourses for which the volumes of pollutants discharges are the largest are identified. The most polluted of them over the many years are shown to be the small rivers with low self-cleaning capability. The modern and retrospective features of the river water quality in the Khanka Lake basin are analyzed, and the dynamics of the quality of some watercourses using calculated pollution indices is estimated.

A study on the water quality of runoff from forest

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Osami Kawara ◽  
Manabu Uehara ◽  
Kanako Ibaragi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Japanese Forest ◽  
Rice Paddy Fields

The important non-point sources in Japan are urban areas, rice paddy fields and forest. The forest area in river basins occupies about 70 per cent. Furthermore, Japanese forest is usually on steep mountains. Therefore, pollutant loads from the forest cannot be ignored in Japan. In this study, we discuss the seasonal variations of water quality of runoff from forest, and of component runoffs, inter-surface runoff and groundwater runoff, based on observations and on the results separated by a numerical filter. The seasonal variations of water quality and four types of relations between water quality and flow rates of component runoffs were noted.

Multivariate statistical techniques for the assessment of surface water quality of Fuji River Basin, Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shrestha ◽  
F. Kazama
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Discharge Temperature

Different multivariate statistical techniques were used to evaluate temporal and spatial variations of surface water-quality of Fuji river basin using data sets of 8 years monitoring at 13 different sites. The hierarchical cluster analysis grouped thirteen sampling sites into three clusters i.e. relatively less polluted (LP), medium polluted (MP) and highly polluted (HP) sites based on the similarity of water quality characteristics. The principal component analysis/factor analysis indicated that the parameters responsible for water quality variations are mainly related to discharge and temperature (natural), organic pollution (point sources) in LP areas; organic pollution (point sources) and nutrients (non point sources) in MP areas; and organic pollution and nutrients (point sources) in HP areas. The discriminant analysis showed that six water quality parameters (discharge, temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen) account for most of the expected temporal variations whereas seven water quality parameters (discharge, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrate nitrogen and ammonical nitrogen) account for most of the expected spatial variations in surface water quality of Fuji river basin.

scholarly journals Assessing the Water Quality of Lake Hawassa Ethiopia—Trophic State and Suitability for Anthropogenic Uses—Applying Common Water Quality Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8904
Author(s):  
Semaria Moga Lencha ◽  
Jens Tränckner ◽  
Mihret Dananto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Water Quality Indices ◽  
Canadian Council ◽  
Good For ◽  
Ccme Wqi

The rapid growth of urbanization, industrialization and poor wastewater management practices have led to an intense water quality impediment in Lake Hawassa Watershed. This study has intended to engage the different water quality indices to categorize the suitability of the water quality of Lake Hawassa Watershed for anthropogenic uses and identify the trophic state of Lake Hawassa. Analysis of physicochemical water quality parameters at selected sites and periods was conducted throughout May 2020 to January 2021 to assess the present status of the Lake Watershed. In total, 19 monitoring sites and 21 physicochemical parameters were selected and analyzed in a laboratory. The Canadian council of ministries of the environment (CCME WQI) and weighted arithmetic (WA WQI) water quality indices have been used to cluster the water quality of Lake Hawassa Watershed and the Carlson trophic state index (TSI) has been employed to identify the trophic state of Lake Hawassa. The water quality is generally categorized as unsuitable for drinking, aquatic life and recreational purposes and it is excellent to unsuitable for irrigation depending on the sampling location and the applied indices. Specifically, in WA WQI, rivers were excellent for agricultural uses and Lake Hawassa was good for agricultural uses. However, the CCME WQI findings showed rivers were good for irrigation but lake Hawassa was marginal for agricultural use. Point sources were impaired for all envisioned purposes. The overall category of Lake Hawassa falls under a eutrophic state since the average TSI was 65.4 and the lake is phosphorous-deficient, having TN:TP of 31.1. The monitored point sources indicate that the city of Hawassa and its numerous industrial discharges are key polluters, requiring a fast and consequent set-up of an efficient wastewater infrastructure, accompanied by a rigorous monitoring of large point sources (e.g., industry, hospitals and hotels). In spite of the various efforts, the recovery of Lake Hawassa may take a long time as it is hydrologically closed. Therefore, to ensure safe drinking water supply, a central supply system according to World Health organization (WHO) standards also for the fringe inhabitants still using lake water is imperative. Introducing riparian buffer zones of vegetation and grasses can support the direct pollution alleviation measures and is helpful to reduce the dispersed pollution coming from the population using latrines. Additionally, integrating aeration systems like pumping atmospheric air into the bottom of the lake using solar energy panels or diffusers are effective mitigation measures that will improve the water quality of the lake. In parallel, the implementation and efficiency control of measures requires coordinated environmental monitoring with dedicated development targets.

scholarly journals Impacts of drought on the quality of surface water of the basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 14463-14493
Author(s):  
B. B. Huang ◽  
D. H. Yan ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
B. F. Cheng ◽  
X. H. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Drought And Flood ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Abstract. Under the background of climate change and human's activities, there has been presenting an increase both in the frequency of droughts and the range of their impacts. Droughts may give rise to a series of resources, environmental and ecological effects, i.e. water shortage, water quality deterioration as well as the decrease in the diversity of aquatic organisms. This paper, above all, identifies the impact mechanism of drought on the surface water quality of the basin, and then systematically studies the laws of generation, transfer, transformation and degradation of pollutants during the drought, finding out that the alternating droughts and floods stage is the critical period during which the surface water quality is affected. Secondly, through employing indoor orthogonality experiments, serving drought degree, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration as the main elements and designing various scenario models, the study inspects the effects of various factors on the nitrogen loss in soil as well as the loss of non-point sources pollution and the leaching rate of nitrogen under the different alternating scenarios of drought and flood. It comes to the conclusion that the various factors and the loss of non-point source pollution are positively correlated, and under the alternating scenarios of drought and flood, there is an exacerbation in the loss of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in soil, which generates the transfer and transformation mechanisms of non-point source pollution from a micro level. Finally, by employing the data of Nenjiang river basin, the paper assesses the impacts of drought on the surface water quality from a macro level.

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