Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross‐sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Mencía‐Ares ◽  
Héctor Argüello ◽  
Héctor Puente ◽  
Manuel Gómez‐García ◽  
Avelino Álvarez‐Ordóñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study to compare the Isolated Organism and their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern Between Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Nahian Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Dipak Kumar Mitra ◽  
Afrin Ahmed Clara ◽  
Md. Suhail Alam ◽  
MD. Zahed Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Background: The moment most common cause of in-hospital infection is pneumonia. Pneumonia is prevalent within the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) setting and can be deadly. The Incidence of pneumonia is approximately 17% in the therapeutic ICU2 but can be 6 to 20 times increased in mechanically ventilated patients. The duration of hospital stay and expenditure are both expanded in patients who develop ventilator-associated pneumonia. This study aims to identify the causative microorganism responsible for CAP (Community-Acquired Pneumonia) and VAP (Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia) and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study that was carried out at two ICU in Sylhet city. The data was collected from the patient's medical information, the patient's file, and the hospital information system. Culture and sensitivity (C/S) were collected from the electronic medical information system (MIS). All data from January 2019 to December 2020, including patient's information, course of the disease (in terms of death or recovery-if available), clinical features, and investigation reports, was transferred to an electronic data collection sheet (Microsoft Excel). After completion of all data collection, analysis was conducted through a spreadsheet. Comparison between two disease groups was made by independent t-test. Within the group, the analysis was done by the Chi-Square test. Results: In this thesis study, it was found that the most common organism responsible for CAP was Streptococcus spp. (34.70%) and is sensitive to Meropenem (92.21%), Imipenem (88.16%), Amikacin (70.67%), Piperacillin (70.91%), Moxifloxacin (70.96%), Levofloxacin (67.95%), Amoxiclav (67.92%), and Ceftriaxone(63.95%). The most common causative organism responsible for VAP was Staphylococcus spp. (36.51%) and it was sensitive to Imipenem (100%), Moxifloxacin (100%), Meropenem (94.73%), Amikacin (85.71%), Ceftriaxone (60%), Amoxiclav (66.66%), Levofloxacin (57.14%), and Cefuroxime (50%). Conclusion: Pneumonia is still one of the most common reasons for hospitalization, particularly for those admitted to ICU. It has been observed in several studies that the majority of the cases are communityacquired pneumonia. Many mechanically ventilated patients often develop VAP, which is fatal if timely diagnosis and appropriate antibiotics administration are not made. Streptococcus spp. was the most common organism responsible for CAP, and Staphylococcus spp. mainly was responsible for VAP.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Epidemiological Features of Selected Bacterial, Viral, and Parasitic Enteropathogens in Stool Specimens from Children with Acute Diarrhea in Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Harb ◽  
Sam Abraham ◽  
Bertha Rusdi ◽  
Tanya Laird ◽  
Mark O’Dea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Knowledge of etiology causes of diarrheal illness is essential for development and implementation of public health measures to prevent and control this disease syndrome. There are few published studies examining diarrhea in children aged <5 years in Iraq. This study aims to investigate the occurrences and epidemiology of selected bacterial (Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp.), viral (adenovirus, norovirus GI and GII, and astrovirus), and parasitic (Entamoeba spp. and Giardia spp.) agents in stool samples from 155 child diarrheal cases enrolled between March and August 2017, in a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Thi-Qar, southeastern Iraq. Using molecular techniques and sequence-based characterization, adenovirus was the most frequently detected enteropathogen (53/155 (34.2%)), followed by Salmonella spp. (23/155 (14.8%)), Entamoeba spp. (21/155 (13.5%)), and Campylobacter spp. (17/155 (10.9%)). Mixed infection with Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. was evident, and the same was revealed between various enteric viruses, particularly adenovirus and norovirus. The most frequent co-infection pattern was between adenovirus and Campylobacter spp., in seven cases (7/155 (4.5%)). Whole-genome sequencing-derived typing data for Salmonella isolates (n = 23) revealed that sequence type 49 was the most prevalent in this sample set (15/23 (65.2%)). To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first report on detection and identification of floR, blaCARB-2, and mphA antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolated from children in the Middle East region. Logistic regression analysis pointed to few enteropathogen-specific correlations between child age, household water source, and breastfeeding patterns in relation to the outcome of detection of individual enteropathogens. This study presents the first published molecular investigation of multiple enteropathogens among children <5 years of age in Iraq. Our data provide supporting evidence for planning of childhood diarrhea management programs. It is important to build on this study and develop future longitudinal case-control research in order to elaborate the epidemiology of enteropathogens in childhood diarrhea in Iraq.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with wound colonization by Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureusin hospitalized patients in inland northeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmara Celli Maia Almeida ◽  
Marquiony Marques dos Santos ◽  
Nara Grazieli Martins Lima ◽  
Thiago André Cidral ◽  
Maria Celeste Nunes Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in a cross-sectional study of dogs attending veterinary practices in the UK and risk indicators associated with shedding

2010 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.N. Parsons ◽  
C.J. Porter ◽  
R. Ryvar ◽  
J. Stavisky ◽  
N.J. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Antimicrobial Consumption Data From Pharmacy and Nursing Records: How Good Are They?

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail S. Itokazu ◽  
Robert C. Glowacki ◽  
David N. Schwartz ◽  
Mary F. Wisniewski ◽  
Robert J. Rydman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Pharmacy Data

AbstractObjective:To determine whether randomly selected intravenous (IV) antimicrobial doses dispensed from an inpatient pharmacy were administered.Design:This was a prospective, cross-sectional study in which dose administration was confirmed by direct observation and by assessment of the medication administration record (MAR). A retrospective analysis of the return rate of unused IV antimicrobial doses was performed subsequently.Setting:Medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICUs of a 550-bed urban public teaching hospital.Participants:Hospitalized patients with an order in the pharmacy database for an IV antimicrobial during 9 non-consecutive weekdays in June 1999.Results:Of 397 doses, 221 (55.7%) assessed by bedside observation and 238 (59.9%) assessed by MAR review were classified as administered; 139 doses (35.0%) were dispensed but changes in the drug order or the patient's status prevented their administration. In the subsequent assessment, of 745 IV antimicrobial doses dispensed during 24 hours, 322 (43.2%) were returned to the pharmacy unused; 423 (56.8%) of the doses—consistent with our prior observations—were presumably administered.Conclusions:Because computerized pharmacy data may overestimate actual antimicrobial consumption, such data should be validated when used in studies of hospital antimicrobial use. Dispense-return analysis offers a simple validation method.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in water sources of Sistan: A descriptive cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (VIS) ◽  
pp. 748-755
Author(s):  
Kambiz Nazemi ◽  
◽  
Saeed Salari ◽  
Majid Alipour Eskandani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional

Antimicrobial use and suitability in long-term care facilities: A retrospective cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Carla C Penney ◽  
Sarah E Boyd ◽  
Amanda Mansfield ◽  
Janice Dalton ◽  
Judy O’Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities

Cross-sectional study on Brucella spp., Leptospira spp. and Salmonella spp. in bats from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 101692
Author(s):  
Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira ◽  
Thallyta Maria Vieira ◽  
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio ◽  
Maria Norma Melo ◽  
Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leptospira Spp

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of antimicrobial use and treatment decision for preweaning Canadian dairy calves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaki Uyama ◽  
David F. Kelton ◽  
Emma I. Morrison ◽  
Ellen de Jong ◽  
Kayley D. McCubbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals HAZARDS AND RISKS TO CONSUMERS’ HEALTH CAUSED BY POPSICLES ON SALVADOR BEACHES – BAHIA STATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Renata Oliveira dos Santos Menezes ◽  
Ryzia de Cássia Vieira Cardoso ◽  
Alaise Gil Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

Introduction: Beaches are a place for interaction and leisure, as well as a scenery for the provision of services, including the street food trade. In this segment, different workers with different type of foods are included, especially the popsicles.  Methods: This study aimed to characterize microbiologically the popsicles commercialized on the beaches of Salvador, Bahia State. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 13 beaches, with the application of semi- structured questionnaires to 33 vendors  to  characterize  microbiologically  the  popsicles sold on the beaches of Salvador, Bahia State, and the collecting of 198 samples, which were submitted to analysis: counting of Psychrotrophic microorganisms and coagulase-positive staphylococci, estimation of the Most Likely Number of total and thermolerant Coliforms/Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp research. Results: The results showed that in the microbiological profile, most of the samples were in compliance with the standards. However, 34.3% (68) of non-compliance were recorded, including contamination by the various microorganisms studied, except for Salmonella spp., which was not identified. Conclusion: The study identified risks to the costumer's health, given the contamination in the products, for both groups of sellers. 

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