scholarly journals Effect of Casting Conditions on SMM Blended Polyethersulfone Hydro–Phobic/–Philic Composite Membranes: Characteristics and Desalination Performance in Membrane Distillation

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Qtaishat ◽  
M. Khayet ◽  
T. Matsuura ◽  
K.C. Khulbe
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Evaporation Time ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

This study aims at further improvement and development of the novel hydro–phobic/–philic composite membranes which are made specifically for membrane distillation (MD). This was attempted by studying the effect of the casting conditions during the membrane preparation process by the phase inversion method. Two variables were chosen to study, which are the evaporation time before gelation and the gelation path temperature. Some of the membranes were allowed to evaporate at room temperature for 2 or 3 minutes to study the effect of evaporation time. The temperature of the gelation path was varied to 4°C, 20°C or 60°C in order to study the gelation path temperature effect. The prepared membranes were characterized using gas permeation test, measurement of the liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw), X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effects of the casting conditions on the membrane morphology were identified, which enabled us to link the membrane morphology to the membrane performance. The membranes were then tested for desalination of 0.5 M NaCl solution by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and the results were compared to commercial polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) membrane. It was found that the membrane which was prepared with no evaporation time produced better flux than those with evaporation time. Regarding the gelation path temperature; the membrane prepared with gelation path temperature of 4°C was better than those prepared with gelation path temperature of 20 or 60°C. It should be emphasized that the DCMD flux of the membranes prepared with no evaporation time or with a gelation path temperature of 4°C was superior to the commercial one. Furthermore, all the prepared membranes were tested successfully for the desalination application. In other words, no NaCl was detected in the permeate.

scholarly journals P84/Zeolite-Carbon Composite Mixed Matrix Membrane for CO2/CH4 Separation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triyanda Gunawan ◽  
Retno Puji Rahayu ◽  
Rika Wijiyanti ◽  
Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh ◽  
Nurul Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Mixed Matrix ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Polyimide Membrane ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) which consist of 0.3 wt.% Zeolite-Carbon Composite (ZCC) dispersed in BTDA-TDI/MDI (P84 co-polyimide) have been prepared through phase inversion method by using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent. Membranes were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Membrane performance was measured by a single gas permeation of CO2 and CH4. The maximum permeability of CO2 and CH4, which up to 12.67 and 6.03 Barrer, respectively. P84/ZCC mixed matrix membrane also showed a great enhancement in ideal selectivity of CO2/CH4 2.10 compared to the pure P84 co-polyimide membrane.

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone / Recam® Composite Membranes for Potable Water Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Priscila Anadão ◽  
Hélio Wiebeck
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Wet Phase Inversion ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Polysulfone/ Recam® composite membranes were prepared via the wet-phase inversion method. The interactions between polysulfone and additive were revealed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Material properties, such as thermal and mechanical ones, were also analyzed. The increase of rugosity by augmenting the Recam® content was depicted by AFM images. Infrared spectroscopy provided very useful information about the interactions between polymer chains and additive. Thermal stability and mechanical resistance showed dependence on the additive content, which were higher for higher contents.

Research on the Porous Structures and Properties of Composite Membranes of Polysulfone and Nanocrystalline Cellulose

2011 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
Shuai Li ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Lu Bai ◽  
Wei Qian Tian ◽  
Li Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was used to improve hydrophilic property and permeability of polysulfone (PS) membrane. It was prepared from cellulose pulp by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and high-pressure homogenization. The casting solution of a PS/NCC blend was obtained by adding NCC to a PS membrane solution and the composite membrane was prepared by phase-inversion method. In addition, the concentration of NCC was increased gradually from 0 wt% to 1.1 wt% during the preparation in order to examine the pure water flux and the retention of a bovine serum albumin (BSA). Simultaneously, the porosity and mean pore size of the membrane was detected and calculated. The result showed that the capacity for ultrafiltration was enhanced with appropriate NCC content. The membranes were also observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to explore their porous structures.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation: Effect of Phase Inversion Methods on Membrane Structure and Its Performance on PEG Filtration

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masooma Irfan ◽  
Hatijah Basri ◽  
M. Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Inversion Process ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

In this work, the effect of different phase inversion process on membrane morphology and performance was studied. Polyethersulfone (PES) based polymeric membranes was fabricated containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and carboxylic functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as additives and polyethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight 1K, 10K and 35K (Dalton) were used as a model solution for observing the rejection/filteration ability of fabricated membranes. Non-solvent induce phase separation (NIP) and dry-wet phase separation (DWP) method was adopted for membrane synthesis. The FTIR spectra showed that PVP/MWCNT was effectively blended with PES polymer and different phase inversion method led to different internal morphologies of membranes as confirmed by FESEM images. The PEG rejection results suggested that membranes formed by DWP method had approximately double rejection ability than membranes formed by NIP process.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of TiO2-PVDF/PMMA Blend Membranes Using an Alternative Non-Toxic Solvent for UF/MF and Photocatalytic Application

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouassila Benhabiles ◽  
Francesco Galiano ◽  
Tiziana Marino ◽  
Hacene Mahmoudi ◽  
Hakim Lounici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Photocatalytic Application ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Dope Solution ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

The approach of the present work is based on the use of poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) polymer, which is compatible with PVDF and TiO2 nanoparticles in casting solutions, for the preparation of nano-composites membranes using a safer and more compatible solvent. TiO2 embedded poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/PMMA photocatalytic membranes were prepared by phase inversion method. A non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) coupled with vapor induced phase separation (VIPS) was used to fabricate flat-sheet membranes using a dope solution consisting of PMMA, PVDF, TiO2, and triethyl phosphate (TEP) as an alternative non-toxic solvent. Membrane morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Backscatter electron detector (BSD) mapping was used to monitor the inter-dispersion of TiO2 in the membrane surface and matrix. The effects of polymer concentration, evaporation time, additives and catalyst amount on the membrane morphology and properties were investigated. Tests on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) were also carried out using the membranes entrapped with different concentrations of TiO2. The results of this study showed that nearly 99% MB removal can be easily achieved by photocatalysis using TiO2 immobilized on the membrane matrix. Moreover, it was observed that the quantity of TiO2 plays a significant role in the dye removal.

The Effect of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Coagulant Medium of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fikri Shohur ◽  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Sulaiman Hassan ◽  
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Asymmetric Membrane ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Immersion Medium ◽  
Base Polymer ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

This study investigates the effect of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) coagulant medium with different concentration to produce Polysulfone (PSf) ultrafiltration (UF) asymmetric membrane. The polymer membrane prepared by a phase inversion method using Polysulfone (PSf) as a base polymer, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400MW as copolymer additive, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent and NaCl coagulant medium with different concentration as nonsolvent. In this work, the concentration of immersion medium for membrane phase immersion process prepared based on different coagulation concentration medium NaCl was modified repeatedly in the range of 1-5%. These membrane performance were analyzed via pure water permeation and solute rejection of humic acid. Based on these results, the membrane immersed in 4% concentration of NaCl coagulant medium showed the highest pure water permeation (235.69 l.m-2. h-1) and solute rejection of humic acid which is up to 98%.

Polyethersulfone/Polyvinyl Acetate Blend Membrane for CO2/CH4 Gas Separation

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Hajaratul Akma Abdul Hadi ◽  
Hilmi Mukhtar ◽  
Hafiz Abdul Mannan ◽  
Thanabalan Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Blend Membrane ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Chemical Groups

The synthesis of polyethersulfone (PES)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blend membrane was successfully developed by dry phase inversion method. The membrane morphology characterized using Field Emission Electron Microscope (FESEM) showed both polymers were homogeneously mixed and a dense structure was formed. A shift in characteristic peak for most chemical groups was observed in blend membrane as analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis which suggests the presence of molecular interaction between the blend polymers. The permeability of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) gases was recorded at a constant pressure of 10 bars and room temperature. The permeability across polymer blend membrane showed better performance as compared with native polymer membrane.

The Research of Hydrophilic Modification of PVC/PES Blended Membrane by the Additive of CA

2014 ◽  
Vol 1052 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Shu Hong Jiang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Hong Zhong Zhou ◽  
Chuan Wei Jiang ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Equilibrium Water Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrophilic Modification ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Blended Membrane

In order to improve the performance of Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)/ polyethersulfone (PES) blended membranes, cellulose acetate (CA) was used as a hydrophilic enhancer to blend with PVC and PES for membrane preparation by phase inversion method. In this study, the results of equilibrium water content (EWC), contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the addition of CA could effectively improve the hydrophilicity of PVC/PES blended membrane. It was also found that water flux of PVC/PES/CA blended membranes increased with the increase of CA concentration.

scholarly journals Synthesis and performance of antifouling and self-cleaning polyethersulfone/graphene oxide composite membrane functionalized with photoactive semiconductor catalyst

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Dizge ◽  
Hakan Gonuldas ◽  
Yasin Ozay ◽  
Hasan Ates ◽  
Kasim Ocakoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Functionalized Membranes ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pes Membrane ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

This study was performed to synthesize membranes of polyethersulfone (PES) blended with graphene oxide (GO) and PES blended with GO functionalized with photoactive semiconductor catalyst (TiO2 and ZnO). The antifouling and self-cleaning properties of composite membranes were also investigated. The GO was prepared from natural graphite powder by oxidation method at low temperature. TiO2 and ZnO nanopowders were synthesized by anhydrous sol–gel method. The surface of TiO2 and ZnO nanopowders was modified by a surfactant (myristic acid) to obtain a homogeneously dispersed mixture in a solvent, and then GO was functionalized by loading with these metal oxide nanopowders. The PES membranes blended with GO and functionalized GO into the casting solution were prepared via phase inversion method and tested for their antifouling as well as self-cleaning properties. The composite membranes were synthesized as 14%wt. of PES polymer with three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0%wt.) of GO, GO-TiO2, and GO-ZnO. The functionalization of membranes improved hydrophilicity property of membranes as compared to neat PES membrane. However, the lowest flux was obtained by functionalized membranes with GO-TiO2. The results showed that functionalized membranes demonstrated better self-cleaning property than neat PES membrane. Moreover, the flux recovery rate of functionalized membranes over five cycles was higher than that of neat membrane.

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