THE EFFECT OF WATER QUALITY ON REMOVAL OF ACETAMINOPHEN IN SURFACE WATER BY OZONATION PROCESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Anis Ahmad Lutpi ◽  
Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir ◽  
Ee Ling Yong ◽  
Mohamad Razman Salim ◽  
Zulkifli Yusop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Ozonation Process

The effectiveness of ozone to remove acetaminophen in surface water was studied. The results demonstrated that the removal of acetaminophen in surface water by ozone was achieved less than 30 minutes. Ozonation experiment was conducted with the initial concentration of 3.3 x 10-3 mM acetaminophen and para-cholobenzoic acid was selected as hydroxyl radical probe. The second-order rate constants for the reactions between acetaminophen and ozone have been evaluated in different quality of surface water. Based on the result obtained, ozonewas reducing rapidly in water samples according to the level of water quality. The presence of various organic and inorganic compounds in the water samples, which greatly influence the decomposition of dissolved ozone, hydroxyl exposure and removal of acetaminophen. The rate constants showed the minimum value (7.34 x 10-4 M-1 s-1) in lower water quality and maximum value (4.57 x 10-2 M-1 s-1) in high-quality water.

scholarly journals Water Quality Monitoring in Inle Lake, Myanmar from the Floating Garden Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-608
Author(s):  
Theingi Khaung ◽  
Chuleemas Boonthai Iwai ◽  
Thammared Chuasavathi ◽  
Thammared Chuasavathi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lake Surface ◽  
Good Agricultural Practices

Inle Lake is the second largest inland lake in Myanmar. Floating gardens, mostly for tomato cultivation, are a unique and profitable method of agriculture used by people living on and around the lake. This study investigated the water quality of Inle Lake and how it has been affected by the different agricultural practices used in tomato cultivation on floating garden beds, by measuring pollution levels. Water samples were collected from the sites representing two types of agricultural practice from four villages. The first was designated as being grown under good agricultural practices (GAP), and the other as under non-good agricultural practices (non-GAP), with this study undertaken during wet season, 2019 and dry season, 2020. Two additional sets of water samples were collected as references. One of these sets was from the center of the lake and the other from an inlet stream to the lake. All water samples were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The results found that Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- were dominant in the lake surface water. The results showed significant differences in the mean values for some water quality parameters between the GAP and non-GAP of each study sites in both seasons. In particular, nutrient pollution from chemicals such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the non-GAP were significantly higher than those from GAP. Water quality index was calculated to describe the overall quality of lake surface water. It was observed that the water quality was almost threatened in the floating garden areas.  In comparison between two practices, the non-GAP gave the higher water quality index value than the GAP. This investigated that poor management of fertilizers usage has had a negative effect on the water quality of the lake. The differences seen in water quality from the GAP and non-GAP areas, point to ways to successfully manage sources of water pollution in order to better conserve the lake by sustainable agricultural production.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY OF ERO DAM FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olorunwa Eric Omofunmi ◽  
Folasade Atinuade Fasiku ◽  
Kayode Samuel Ogunleye
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Acceptance Limits ◽  
Magnesium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
And Control

The physicochemical parameters of surface water surface of Ero Dam for irrigation were assessed. Water samples were selected from three locations (upstream, downstream and control). Tested parameters for water samples are pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), carbonate (C03-), bicarbonate (HC03-), boron (B), sulphate (S042-), nitrate (NO3-N) and phosphate (PO4-P). The samples were determined in accordance with the American Public Health Association standards. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Evaluation of surface water quality of Ero Dam was carried out using different irrigation indices methods such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), sodium percentage (Na %), potential salinity (PS), The Soluble sodium percentage  (SSP), Kelly ratio (KR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and permeability index (PI) and compared with standard limits. The findings indicated that the concentrations of the Ca2+,  Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, C03-, HC03-, B, S042-, NO3-N and PO4-P were within the acceptance limits for irrigation purposes except K+ that above the limits specified. Results indicated that majority, 87.5% of irrigation indices fall under excellent or suitable and classified as salinity (C1) and SAR (S1) which was known as (CISI). Hence, there are none degree of restriction in the application Ero Dam water quality for irrigation. Therefore, the results were concluded, that the study area surface water quality was suitable for irrigation.

scholarly journals Tabular cusum control charts of chemical variables applied to the control of surface water quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele A. C. Follador ◽  
Márcio A. Vilas Boas ◽  
Marlise Schoenhals ◽  
Eliane Hermes ◽  
Clovis Rech
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Cusum Control Charts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the application possibility of tabular CUSUM control charts in the quality control of chemical variables in surface water. It was performed bibliographic and field research to collect water samples from 2003 to 2009, totaling 30 samples, some monthly and others semi-annual in order to observe the variables that regulate water quality. It was found that these charts may be applied to control the quality of river water; showing to be effective in the perception of changes during the process, especially for small samples (n=1) which there is no repetition as in this research. It was also concluded that the Mandurim River does not presents significant levels of pollution.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Analysis of Water Quality of Brook Kuruçay

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekrem Mutlu ◽  
Arzu Aydın Uncumusaoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations

In this study, through the analyses of water samples taken from 9 stations on the brook between July 2012 and June 2013, we aimed to determine the monthly and seasonal changes in water quality parameters of Brook Kuruçay, to determine the water quality properties, to reveal the pollution problems, to determine the suitability level in terms of aquatic life and to classify the quality of water in accordance with Surface Water Quality Management Regulation’s Inland Surface Water Classes criteria. The study area is located southeast of the Hafik District of Sivas city and the altitude is 2608 m. The water samples were collected from 9 stations established on the brook, and some physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed in water samples. The cleaning and maintenance of all of the equipment, land-type measurement tools, and glass sampling containers to be used in sampling were made 1 day before sampling. Sampling tubes were immersed into 15 cm below the water surface for taking water samples. Heavy metal concentrations were determined in the Sivas Provincial Control Laboratory in the same day with sampling (within 5 hours). The total alkalinity, total hardness, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium azote, phosphate, sulfite, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, suspended solid matter (SSM), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), calcium, magnesium, ferrous, lead, copper, zinc, nickel, mercury and cadmium analyses of water samples were performed. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that, since Brook Kuruçay falls into the water resource class, which is the most sensitive to pollution, the water quality of the brook should be monitored regularly.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality Index of Water Bodies Channarayapatna Taluk, Karnataka Region, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Bharathi ◽  
S. Manjappa ◽  
T. Suresh ◽  
B. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Of Water

Present communication deals with a study of Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, Total Suspended Solids, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Nitrate and Phosphate in water samples of Channarayapatna, Janivara, Anekere and Baghur water bodies in Channarayapatna taluka, Karnataka state of India. The water quality of the samples was compared with standard values given by World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Salinity Laboratory for drinking and irrigation purposes. Water Quality Index (WQI) was also calculated to know the overall quality of water samples. Water quality index (WQI) of Surface water body of various Sampling locations of Channarayapatna taluka, Karnataka ranged between 61.82 and 68.27 indicates the fair quality of water. The water quality index is calculated by indicator (100-point scale) shows that water is suitable for drinking purposes only after pretreatment like filtering, boiling, reverse osmosis and electro dialysis. WQI can play a big role in justifying the water pollution problems after encountered in different surface water bodies. Application of Water Quality Index (WQI) in this study has been found useful in assessing the overall quality of water and to get rid of judgment on quality of the surface water.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 475-482

Sewers and the Quality of Canals and Ditches in Amsterdam

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jacobs ◽  
J. W. van Sluis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

The surface water system of Amsterdam is very complicated. Of two characteristic types of water systems the influences on water and sediment quality are investigated. The importance of the sewer output to the total loads is different for both water systems. In a polder the load from the sewers is much more important than in the canal basin. Measures to reduce the emission from the sewers are much more effective in a polder. The effect of these measures on sediment quality is more than the effect on water quality. Some differences between a combined sewer system and a separate sewer system can be found in sediment quality.

Enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from surface water concentrates by laser-scanning cytometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zanelli ◽  
B. Compagnon ◽  
J. C. Joret ◽  
M. R. de Roubin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laser Scanning Cytometry ◽  
Direct Microscopic Observation

The utilization of the ChemScan® RDI was tested for different types of water concentrates. Concentrates were prepared by cartridge filtration or flocculation, and analysed either without purification, or after Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) or flotation on percoll-sucrose gradients. Theenumeration of the oocysts was subsequently performed using the ChemScan® RDI Cryptosporidium application. Enumeration by direct microscopic observation of the entire surface of the membrane was carried out as a control, and recoveries were calculated as a ratio between the ChemScan® RDI result and the result obtained with direct microscopic enumeration. The Chemscan enumeration technique proved reliable, with recoveries yielding close to 100% in most cases (average 125%, range from 86 to 467%) for all the concentration/purification techniques tested. The quality of the antibodies was shown to be critical, with antibodies from some suppliers yielding recoveries a low as 10% in some cases. This difficulty could, however, be overcome by the utilization of the antibody provided by Chemunex. These data conclusively prove that laser scanning cytometry, which greatly facilitates the microscopic enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from water samples and decreases the time of observation by four to six times, can be successfully applied to water concentrates prepared from a variety of concentration/purification techniques.

scholarly journals Assessment and distribution of water quality of Pandoh river basin (PRB), Himachal Pradesh, North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Prakasam ◽  
R. Saravanan ◽  
M. K. Sharma ◽  
Varinder S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
North India ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Northern India

AbstractAs the surface water in northern India is the main water resource for regional economic and also supply for drinking and irrigation purposes. However, deficiency of water quality leads to serious water pollution in the Pandoh river basin (PRB). Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to evaluate the quality of surface water. With this objective, surface water samples were collected from the PRB of northern India, and analyzed for pH, EC, turbidity, alkalinity, total dissolved solids, and total hardness. Moreover, geographical information system (GIS) tools were used to prepare the geology, drainage pattern, and location maps of the study region. Surface water quality observed from the PRB has an alkaline nature with a moderately hard type. Further studies are encouraged to better understand the water quality in northern India.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemistry and surface water quality assessment of IB valley coalfield area, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Sahoo ◽  
Himanshu Bhushan Sahu ◽  
Dhruti Sundar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cadmium Selenium ◽  
High Degree

AbstractCoal mining and ancillary activities have the potential to cause water pollution characterized by acid mine drainage, acid mine leachates, extreme pH conditions and heavy metal contaminations. In the present work, 33 water samples in premonsoon and 34 water samples in monsoon were collected from the surface water bodies of Ib Valley coalfield, India for hydrogeochemical analysis. In premonsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Magnesium, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel, Aluminum and in monsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Iron, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel and Aluminum were nonconforming to the permissible limit set by the Bureau of Indian Standards, World Health Organisation and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. The average BOD/COD ratio of less than 0.6 in both seasons indicated Ib valley coalfield water was not fairly biodegradable. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that significant seasonal variation (p < 0.05) was observed in the hydro-chemical parameters viz. TSS, turbidity, redox potential, acidity, total hardness, bicarbonate alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, cadmium, chromium and magnesium during the entire sampling period. Whereas, no significant seasonal variation (p > 0.05) was observed in pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, residual chlorine, COD, oil and grease, fluoride, potassium, zinc, copper, selenium, nickel, aluminum, boron, silica, temperature, salinity, cyanide and phenol. Water Quality Index revealed that 39.39% and 35.29% samples belong to poor water quality category in premonsoon and monsoon, respectively. As per Heavy Metal Pollution Index, Degree of Contamination (Cd) and Heavy metal evaluation index, medium degree of pollution were exhibited by 51.52%, 30.30% and 45.45% samples in premonsoon and 20.59%, 35.29% and 26.47% samples in monsoon. Whereas, 5.88%, 2.94% and 5.88% samples were having high degree of pollution in monsoon and 15.15% samples caused high degree of pollution with respect to Cd in premonsoon. However, EC, Na%, PI, SAR and RSC values suggested that the water can be used for irrigation. Water type of the region had been found to be Ca–Mg–Cl–SO4 by Piper diagram.

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