EFFECT OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS INTERACTION ON SWIRL EFFERVESCENT ATOMIZER SPRAY ANGLE

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang ◽  
Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid ◽  
Ow Chee Sheng ◽  
Mimi Azlina Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Effervescent Atomizer ◽  
Vane Angle ◽  
Discharge Orifice

A wider spray angle produced by an atomizer is often required in providing a better spray dispersion. The formation and wideness of the spray angle were reported to be affected by the changes in geometrical parameters. In the present study, the effect of the interaction between two geometrical parameters (swirl-generating vane angle and discharge orifice diameter) on the swirl effervescent atomizer spray angle was studied. A newly-designed swirl effervescent atomizer was developed with 30°, 45° and 60° swirl-generating vane angle and 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5mm discharge orifice diameter. The atomizer performance tests were carried out using water as the working fluid and nitrogen gas as the atomizing agent. High-speed shadowgraph technique was deployed to record the resultant sprays produced. Video recordings, acquired using a high-speed video camera, were converted to a sequence of images for further analysis using image processing software. It was found that geometrical parameters of the newly designed atomizer have a great impact on the formation and characteristics of the spray angle. The combined effect of both swirl-generating vane angle and discharge orifice diameter has produced an increase in the spray angle. The largest spray angle was observed at the largest dimension of both geometries.

Characteristics of Swirl Effervescent Atomizer Spray Angle

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang ◽  
Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Swirl Intensity ◽  
Effervescent Atomizer ◽  
Vane Angle

In the application of sprays produced by an atomizer, spray angle is one of key performance parameters. A larger spray angle is often required in providing a better spray dispersion. Swirl effervescent atomizer is one of the existing atomizers with the capability to produce a large spray angle. The formation of spray angle from this atomizer however is hardly understood. A newly-designed swirl effervescent atomizer was developed and tested with different swirl-generating vane angle in order to understand the swirl intensity effect on the spray angle. Experiments were carried out based on a cold flow test approach using water as the working fluid and nitrogen gas as the atomizing agent. High-speed shadowgraph technique was deployed to record the resultant sprays produced. Video recordings, acquired using a high-speed video camera, were converted to a sequence of images for further analysis using an image processing software. It was found that the spray angle increases with the swirl-generating vane angle. Specifically, the spray angle shows an abrupt increase for the case of swirl-generating vane angle changing from 30° to 45° but visualizes only a gradual increase in the case of swirl-generating vane angle changing from 45° to 60°.

GAS CORE CHARACTERISTICS OF SWIRL EFFERVESCENT ATOMIZER

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang ◽  
Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid ◽  
Diyar I. Ahmed ◽  
Khairul Imran Sainan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Core Size ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Effervescent Atomizer ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
Vane Angle

Swirl effervescent atomizer consists of two atomization mechanisms, effervescent and swirl. For a swirl-related atomizer, the air/gas core diameter was reported to be one of the factors affecting the widening of spray angle. A wider spray angle is important to provide a better spray distribution. The characteristic of gas core in an inside-out swirl effervescent atomizer was investigated as part of the study in understanding the mechanism of this type of atomization. The interaction effects between three independent parameters (i.e. swirl-generating vane angle, gas flowrate and discharge orifice diameter) on the size and characteristics of the gas core were investigated. Water and nitrogen gas were used respectively as the working fluid and atomization gas. The high-speed shadowgraph technique was utilized to record the videos of the gas core structures. The video recordings were converted to image sequences and analyzed using an image processing software. It was concluded that a larger gas core was produced with an increasing vane angle or gas flowrate. The increasing gas flowrate tends to increase the gas core size for all cases of the vane angle. Increasing the orifice diameter tends to increase the gas core size for all cases of the gas flowrate. The interaction between the orifice diameter and swirl-generating vane angle on the size of the gas core was inconclusive.

Fluid-Structure Interaction in the Nozzle of Collunarium Container

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuaki Inaba
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Nasal Administration ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Two Stages

Nasal administration of the vaccine is in the spotlight and the medicine has been developed in recent years. The medication is carried out by spraying the medicine in the nasal cavity by collunarium container. The top nozzle part of a common collunarium container consists of three parts, nozzle tip having an exit, cylindrical nozzle, and stepped center rod which is inserted into the nozzle. We confirmed that the spray of collunarium container consists of two stages phenomena (initial jet and its disintegration, and steady spray stage) by visualization with high-speed video camera. Since we found that the initial jet impacted with larger droplet size than later sprayed droplet, we examined the initial jet and steady spray stage in experiments and numerical simulations to study the effect of material and dimension of the rod. The dimensions of the center rod affected the acceleration of the initial jet front and the spray angle in experiments. In numerical simulations including fluid-structure interaction (FSI), lower density rod moved at faster speed and excited higher flow velocity at the exit in the jet stage. Moreover we confirmed that the acceleration of the jet was initiated by the water hammer wave propagation inside the nozzle.

scholarly journals Detonation effects of shallow buried explosive in sandy soil on target plate acceleration in a small-scale blast test

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Hassan Zulkifli Abu ◽  
Ibrahim Aniza ◽  
Mohamad Nor Norazman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time History ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Target Plate ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
The Impact

Small-scale blast tests were carried out to observe and measure the influence of sandy soil towards explosive blast intensity. The tests were to simulate blast impact imparted by anti-vehicular landmine to a lightweight armoured vehicle (LAV). Time of occurrence of the three phases of detonation phase in soil with respect to upward translation time of the test apparatus were recorded using high-speed video camera. At the same time the target plate acceleration was measured using shock accelerometer. It was observed that target plate deformation took place at early stage of the detonation phase before the apparatus moved vertically upwards. Previous data of acceleration-time history and velocity-time history from air blast detonation were compared. It was observed that effects of soil funnelling on blast wave together with the impact from soil ejecta may have contributed to higher blast intensity that characterized detonation in soil, where detonation in soil demonstrated higher plate velocity compared to what occurred in air blast detonation.

In Situ Observation Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Solidification Phenomena and Solidification Cracks during Welding

2014 ◽  
Vol 782 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Kenji Shinozaki ◽  
Motomichi Yamamoto ◽  
Kohta Kadoi ◽  
Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Solidification Cracking ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Varestraint Test ◽  
Solidification Cracks ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Solidification Crack

Solidification cracking during welding is very serious problem for practical use. Therefore, there are so many reports concerning solidification cracking. Normally, solidification cracking susceptibility of material is quantitatively evaluated using Trans-Varestraint test. On the other hand, local solidification cracking strain was tried to measure precisely using in-situ observation method, called MISO method about 30 years ago. Recently, digital high-speed video camera develops very fast and its image quality is very high. Therefore, we have started to observe solidification crack using in site observation method. In this paper, the local critical strain of a solidification crack was measured and the high temperature ductility curves of weld metals having different dilution ratios and different grain sizes to evaluate quantitatively the effects of dilution ratio and grain size on solidification cracking susceptibility by using an improved in situ observation method.

Study on Magnetic Barrel Machine Equipped with Three-Dimensional Arrangement of Magnets

2007 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Masato Yoshioka ◽  
Shin-Ichiro Hira
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
The Media ◽  
Set Up

At present, a commercially available magnetic barrel machine equipped with permanent magnets has some faults arising from constructional reason. That is, grinding or finishing ability is different from place to place in the machining region, resulting in the limitation on the region we can use in the container of workpieces. Therefore, in this research, authors made the new magnetic barrel machine equipped with three dimensional (3D) magnet arrangement to overcome these faults. The grinding ability of the new 3D magnetic barrel machine converted was experimentally examined, and compared with that of the traditional magnetic barrel machine. As a result, it was shown that we can use much broader region in the new 3D machine. It was also shown that the grinding ability became higher. The distribution of barrel media in action was recorded by means of a high speed video camera. It was clarified that the media rose up higher and were distributed more uniformly in the container by the effect of the magnet block newly set up. It was supposed that this must be the reason for the above-mentioned improvement of grinding ability.

Grease soap particles passing through an elastohydrodynamic contact under side slip conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Eriksson ◽  
V Wikström ◽  
R Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Slip Conditions ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Contact ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Pure Rolling ◽  
Minimum Film Thickness

In a previous investigation, grease thickener fibres were tracked as they passed through an elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contact in pure rolling using interferometry in a standard ball-and-disc apparatus. In order to capture single thickener fibres, a high-speed video camera was used. Here, the experiments have been repeated introducing different amounts of side slip for different rolling speeds and a faster video camera capable of capturing 4500 frames/s. The contact was lubricated with a continuous supply of grease. Two greases, based on the same synthetic poly(α-olefin) but thickened with Li-12-OH and lithium complex soap respectively, were studied. It was observed that the thickener fibres were stretched both before entering the contact and as they passed through it. Fibres seem to avoid the minimum film thickness regions and, if they enter, the film is restored immediately after passage.

Biomechanical Analysis of a World Record Javelin Throw: A Case Study

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Gregor ◽  
Marilyn Pink
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
The United States ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
World Record ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
High Speed Video Camera ◽  
Ongoing Project

As part of an ongoing project to evaluate elite track and field throwers in the United States, the javelin competition was filmed during the 1983 Pepsi Invitational Track Meet. A high-speed video camera (Spin Physics SP2000) was positioned orthogonal to the javelin runway to record the release of all throws. During this competition, Tom Petranoff’s world record (99.72 m) was filmed at 200 fields per second. Subsequent frame-by-frame digitization yielded results consistent with reports in the literature. Release velocity was 32.3 m/s and represents one of the highest values ever reported. Angle of release was .57r, javelin attitude at release was .64r» and angle of attack was .07r. While optimum values for these release parameters, in light of published results, remain open to discussion, the results presented here represent unique information on a world record performance and can serve as a basis of comparison for future performances.

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