PERFORMANCE OF UMAR-SRIMAT ON SOIL WATER CONSERVATION AND WEED CONTROL IN SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar Mohammed ◽  
Aimrun Wayayok ◽  
Mohd Amin Mohd Soom ◽  
Khalina Abdan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Rice Intensification

Weed emergence is among the most important problems in system of rice intensification (SRI) due to extensive planting geometry of at least 25 × 25 cm and moist environment, thereby leading to water loss by means of evaporation from the broad space as a result of the extensive planting geometry, and transpiration by the weeds. This reduces the additional water saving which affect the potential of SRI water productivity.  It also reduces rice crop yields up to 70% if there is no weed control attempted. Nowadays, weed is being controlled by manual weeder which is labour demanding, while motorized weeders overcome the problem but still, it able to remove the weeds before rice canopy closure or 30 days after transplanting (DAT). This research was designed to evaluate the performance of UMAR-SRImat on soil moisture conservation and weed control. UMAR-SRImat was made using flaked rice straw and biodegradable adhesive. The design was laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments [without soil cover (T1), SRImat (T2), UMAR-SRImat (T3)] and three replications. The analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Volumetric moisture content (VMC) was determined at 18 and 25 DAT.  Weeds were observed and recorded to determine the weed dry weight and weed control efficiency at 20, 40 and 60 DAT. Plant height per hill was measured at 30 and 50 DAT, likewise, the number of tillers were counted at 30 and 50 DAT. The result of VMC showed that UMAR-SRImat significantly conserved water higher than the control treatment at 18 and 25 DAT of 3100.0a and 2680.0a m3/ha, respectively. The effectiveness of UMAR-SRImat mulched was 100% at 20 DAT 99.64% at 40 DAT and 97.99% at 60 DAT. This research revealed that UMAR-SRImat mulch could retain soil moisture and suppressed weeds up to 60 DAT.

scholarly journals A Model of Evapotranspirative Irrigation to Manage the Various Water Levels in the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Its Effect on Crop and Water Productivities

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Chusnul Arif ◽  
Satyanto Krido Saptomo ◽  
Budi Indra Setiawan ◽  
Muh Taufik ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Evapotranspiration Rate ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Use Efficiency

Evapotranspirative irrigation is a simple idea in a watering field based on the actual evapotranspiration rate, by operating an automatic floating valve in the inlet without electric power to manage water levels. The current study introduces a model of evapotranspirative irrigation and its application under different water levels. The objectives were (1) to evaluate the performances of evapotranspirative irrigation under various irrigation regimes, and to (2) to observe crop and water productivities of the system of rice intensification (SRI) as affected by different types of irrigation. The experiment was performed during one rice planting season, starting from July to November 2020, with three irrigation regimes, i.e., continuous flooded (CFI), moderate flooded (MFI) and water-saving irrigation (WSI). Good performance of the system was achieved; low root mean square error (RMSE) was indicated between observed water level and the set point in all irrigation regimes. Developing a better drainage system can improve the system. Among the regimes, the WSI regime was most effective in water use. It was able to increase water productivity by up to 14.5% while maintaining the crop yield. In addition, it has the highest water-use efficiency index. The index was 34% and 52% higher than those of the MFI and CFI regimes, respectively. Accordingly, the evapotranspirative irrigation was effective in controlling various water levels, and we recommend the system implemented at the field levels.

scholarly journals Enhancing Soil Water Content for Increased Food Production in Semi-Arid Areas of Kenya Results From an On-Farm Trial in Mwala District, Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Karuma ◽  
Peter Mtakwa ◽  
Nyambilila Amuri ◽  
Charles K. Gachene ◽  
Patrick Gicheru
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tillage Methods

Soil water conservation through tillage is one of the appropriate ways of addressing soil moisture deficit in rainfed agriculture. This study evaluated the effects of tillage practices on soil moisture conservation and crop yields in Mwala District, Eastern Kenya during the long rains (LR) and short rains (SR) of 2012/13. Six tillage systems: Disc plough (MB), Disc plough and harrowing (MBH), Ox-ploughing (OX), Subsoiling – ripping (SR), Hand hoe and Tied Ridges (HTR) and Hand hoe only (H) and, three cropping systems namely, sole maize, sole bean and maize - bean intercrop, were investigated in a split-plot design with four replicates. Data on soil water content was monitored at different weeks after planting and the crop yields at end of each growing season. A three-season average shows that soil water content and crop yields were higher in conventional tillage methods compared to the conservation tillage methods. Long term tillage experiments are thus required at different locations, under various environmental and soil conditions to validate the study findings.

scholarly journals Zero Tilled-Paddy Straw Mulched Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivation in the Coastal Saline Soils Reduce Soil Salinity, Increase Yield and Profitability

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Sukanta Kumar Sarangi ◽  
Buddheswar Maji ◽  
Parbodh Chander Sharma ◽  
Saheb Digar ◽  
Kshirendra Kumar Mahanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Net Return

Rice is the predominant crop during wet season (July–December) and majority of land remain fallow during dry season (January–June) in the coastal saline region of West Bengal, India. Sustainable cropping system intensification in this salt affected region needs improved package of practices which conserve soil moisture, facilitate early crop establishment, ensures profitability and has positive effect on soil health. To achieve these objectives in a rice-based cropping system, we evaluated seven treatments for potato crop during the dry season viz. T1: ridge sowing (control), T2: Zero tillage (ZT) sowing with 9 t ha−1 paddy straw mulching (PSM), T3: T2 + foliar spray of nutrients, T4: ZT sowing with 12 t ha−1 PSM, T5: T4 + foliar spray of nutrients, T6: ZT sowing with 15 t ha−1 PSM, T7: T6 + foliar spray of nutrients in randomized block design with five replications. This study was conducted during 2016-2019 in the Gosaba island of the Indian Sundarbans. Cost of cultivation of potato reduced by about 27% due to ZT sowing (₹ 81,287 ha−1) compared to ridge sowing (₹ 1,11,260 ha−1). Tuber yield, net return and irrigation water productivity was significantly increased in T5, T6 and T7 over other treatments. There was reduction in soil salinity (ECe reduced from 5 to 3 dS m−1), bulk density (from 1.49 to 1.44 Mg m−3), irrigation water use (less 20 cm), conservation of soil moisture (4–8%), and increase in organic carbon (0.39 to 0.44%) due to ZT sowing with PSM. Rice-ZT potato-green gram cropping system was the most profitable one with highest net return (₹ 1,71,752 ha−1), however, the benefit-cost ratio was highest (2.33) with Rice-ZT potato cropping system.

scholarly journals Effect of Crop Establishment Methods on the Performance of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Cooler Region under Light Texture Soil Condition

2010 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
ABS Sarker ◽  
MB Rahman ◽  
R Yasmeen ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
SMM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute regional station, Rangpur to investigate the performances of different establishment methods of Boro rice; variety BRRI dhan29 in light texture soil during Boro 2004-05 and 2005-06 seasons. Five crop establishment methods were tested in a randomize complete block design with three replications. The methods were: 1. Conventional transplanting method 2. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method, 3. Farmers practice, 4. Seedling throwing method and 5. Direct-Wet Seeded Rice(DWSR) using drum seeder method. Grain yield was influenced by different crop establishment methods in both the seasons. The highest mean grain yield was obtained by BRRI recommended conventional transplanting method (6.27 t ha-1) followed by SRI method (5.70 t ha-1). The highest number of panicles m-2 was obtained from wet DSR by drum seeder method (341 m-2). Effectiveness of tiller (92%) was obtained from the SRI method. The largest number of filled grains per panicle (76) was obtained from the SRI method. The highest 1000-grain weight (23.2 g) was obtained by the farmer’s method. Less sterility was occurred (30 %) from farmer’s methods. The highest growth duration (175 days) was observed in farmer method. But the highest field duration of BRRI dhan29 (145 days) was observed in wet DSR using dream seeder.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Boro Rice (BRRI Dhan 50) as Affected by Planting Geometry under System of Rice Intensification

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
S. Chakrabortty ◽  
P. K. Biswas ◽  
T. S. Roy ◽  
M. A. A. Mahmud ◽  
H. Mehraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Boro Rice
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