scholarly journals Mining Lepidoptera of woody plants in the Arboretum of Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno – species composition, origin and their influence on the health condition of plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šefrová
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Trophic Relations ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
The City ◽  
Trophic Specialisation

The species diversity and trophic relations of mining Lepidoptera were investigated in the Arboretum of Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno during the years 2002–2004. On the whole 132 species belonging to 13 families were found, of which 123 autochthonous and 9 alochthonous. The richest families were Nepticulidae (54 species), Gracillariidae (47) and Coleophoridae (12). The highest diversity of mining species showed the plant families Rosaceae (37), Fagaceae (22) and Betulaceae (20), and the genera Quercus (19), Malus (13) and Prunus (11). The infestation of autochthonous and alochthonous plant species was compared, the trophic specialisation of individual species and possibilities of the shift between these plant groups were evaluated. Neither any negative influnce of mining species on the health condition of plants, nor the distinct influence of the city environment on the species diversity of mining moths were registered.

Жизненное состояние древесных насаждений в условиях города Актобе (Казахстан)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Abiev ◽  
S. A. Aipeisova ◽  
N. A. Utarbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Health State ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Ulmus Laevis ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

<p>The purpose of our work is to assess the health state of woody plants growing in different habitats of the city of Aktobe. We have studied the health state of arboreal and shrubby plants growing in various urban habitats; the survey was conducted during 2016-2017 by route-visual method. We performed the analysis of species diversity, abundance and density in urban area. The assessment of health state of the trees was made according to V.A. Alekseev. From your data and literature review we established that such species as Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Acer negundo, Populus tremula, Populus nigra, and Syringa vulgaris have strong winter resistnce in the territory of Aktobe; we registered that only their apex buds and emds of the shoots were frozen in severe winters. The medium-resistant speices include Ulmus laevis and Acer platonoides. They are less plastic and suffer from late spring and early autumn frosts. The Amorpha fruticosa, Vitis vinifera, and Parthenocissus guinguefolia could be considered as the non-resistant species, since they usually freeze up to the snow cover line. The analysis of the vital state made it possible to assess the resistance to urban conditions of the majority of trees and shrubs registered in urban habitats of Aktobe. According to the preliminary data, the origin of the plant and its winter resistance are of main importance when introducing new species to urban area.</p>

scholarly journals A Comparison Study on Species Diversity of Woody Plants in Mountain Parks and Riverside Parks of Fuzhou City

2021 ◽  
Vol 714 (2) ◽  
pp. 022023
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Lan ◽  
Fan Liu ◽  
Yingfang Lin ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Junyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Comparison Study

scholarly journals Hazard Perception in City and Highway Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1404-1408
Author(s):  
John Paul Plummer ◽  
Anastasia Diamond ◽  
Alex Chaparro ◽  
Rui Ni
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Response Criterion ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Hazard Perception ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
The City

Hazard perception (HP) is an important aspect of driving performance and is associated with crash risk. In the current study, we investigate the effect of roadway environment (city vs. highway) and expertise on HP. HP was measured using HP clips that evaluated response lag (defined as the time from the participant’s response to the end of the clip) and fuzzy signal detection theory metrics of response criterion and sensitivity. Forty videos were used: 20 from highway environments and 20 from city environments. Forty-eight participants with a range of driving experience as assessed by the years since obtaining a license (less than 1 year to 24 years) completed the study. There were differences between city and highway environments in response lag and response bias; participants responded earlier to the hazards in the highway environment and exhibited a more liberal response bias. Driving experience was significantly correlated to response lag. When the video clips were categorized by environment, driving experience was only significantly correlated with performance for the city environment.

Cultivating biological and cultural diversity: urban farming in Casamance, Senegal

Africa ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga F. Linares
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
West African ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Biological Complexity ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Household Economies ◽  
City Environment ◽  
The City

AbstractAt the present time, urban agriculture—that is, the growing of food crops in backyard gardens, unused city spaces and peripheral zones—is an economically viable alternative for many African migrants. Although previously ‘invisible’ to most developers and economists, urban farming is now recognised as playing a crucial subsistence role in the household economies of lower-income people living in major West African cities. But the practice does more than feed the urban poor. Using the example of Ziguinchor in Casamance, Senegal, it is argued that growing crops in peri-urban and intra-urban zones, on otherwise neglected or half-built-up land, also protects and enriches the city environment while increasing the primary productivity of the inhabitants. Directly, or in more subtle ways, the practice strengthens bonds of friendship, and promotes inter-ethnic co-operation while at the same time helping to maintain biological complexity in interesting and previously unexplored ways. City farming may provide a context through which the urban poor can relate to debates about biodiversity.

scholarly journals Diversity and Community Structure of Oribatid Mites (Acari, Oribatei) at Memorial Complexes of a Megapolis

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
L. A. Kolodochka ◽  
O. S. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
City Center ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

Abstract In different types of substrate (soil, litter, lichens and mosses) collected at three memorial complexes (cemeteries) of Kyiv (Ukraine), 70 species from 57 genera, 34 families of oribatid mites were found. A few eurytopic species capable of tolerance to different types of pollution make up an essential part in each species complex. The species diversity and complexity of oribatid community structure at researched areas increased with distance from the city center. There was no direct relation between the degree of dominance of most common species and the cemetery’s relative remoteness from the center of the city.

THE FEATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN CITY (CASE STUDY OF KRASNOYARSK)

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Irina V. Kukina ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Unagaeva ◽  
Irina G. Fedchenko ◽  
Alexei U. Lipovka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Lower Tier ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Planning Concepts ◽  
The City

Urban planning concepts for mass housing construction were tested in the cities of Russia before the XXI century, the legislative framework changed, the centralized architectural activity lost its force. The diversification of the economy, the development of socio-cultural processes radically changed the approach to the formation of the city environment. The fulfillment of the requirements for the intensification and rationality of the use of territories without a comprehensive study of the city morphology changing often leads to the environment deformations. The purpose of the study is to identify the tendencies of the city morphology development under the influence of changes in ideas about the environmental quality. The city environment is understood as the unity of the natural and anthropogenic landscape, as well as the effective force – the citizens. In the study, the tasks were: to identify the most sustainable elements of the natural framework, constructed areas in a historical sequence; to determine the morphological periods of the Krasnoyarsk development, morphotops of the residential territories; to investigate the structure of the city fringe belts; to formulate the tendencies of the development of lower tier pf the residential housing and public spaces as the most susceptible to change under the influence of socio-cultural processes; to formulate the tendencies of the morphological development of Krasnoyarsk. To determine the boundaries of morphotops, calculate indicators CIS-tools with georeferenced data were used. To analyze the functional density of saturation of morphotopes with objects of small and medium-size business geoanalytical visualization of “functional flows” was performed. To assess pedestrian accessibility and visual connectivity, a spatial syntax method was used in the work. The main results of the calculated indicators were produced be the method of exploratory data analysis/ As a result of the study, the socio-cultural processes influencing the development of the morphology of the city were established; morphological period of the city development, morphotops of residential arears have been determined, changes have been made to the typology of public spaces, the concept of fringe belts has been confirmed, a new type of fixation line has been established, the pattern of development of lower tier of residential housing have been investigated. These results characterize he features of the transformation of the city environment and can be used for the purpose of architectural and urban design.

Research of City Environmental Pollution and City Planning for the Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Environment Problem ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

City environment problem increasingly troubles the people living in the city. What the human doings are against the city environment and damage their homes. This paper analyzes the causes of city environmental pollution and several aspects of pollution, and probes into the problems of city pollution and environmental planning for the future. The goal is to find an effective solution to resolve these problems. Finally, the solution of the problem from three aspects in city planning is proposed for improving the living environment and purifying homes.

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