scholarly journals Beech-mast crop evaluation in Kněhyně forest complex (Beskydy Mts. Czech Republic) as a food supply for granivorous rodents

Beskydy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
M. Heroldová ◽  
J. Suchomel ◽  
L. Purchart ◽  
L. Čepelka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Forest Rodents

Good beech-mast crop is important not only for beech forest regeneration but it stimulates population abundances of granivorous animals. Abundant beech-mast crop was observed in autumn 2011 in Beskydy Mts. Mean mass of healthy beech-mast on Kněhyně Mts complex was 92 g.m−2 which represents 390 pieces (pc)/m2. That was why diet supply for granivorous forest rodents, in means of current biomass of beech-mast, was ascertained in 5 beech stands. At each locality, beech stands were chosen to represent Kněhyně Mt. beech forests and differ in age structure and the elevation. Biomass of beech-mast crop collected from the lowest elevation (5th vegetation tier) was higher (as to number of beechnuts/m2) and heavier (g/m2) compared to the highest elevation one (8th vegetation tier). The beech forests from the lower altitude may have a better condition for the beech seeds production. As the granivorous species are peeling the beechnuts, so the peeled diet supply of beech-mast was also stated. This should be considered if calculating diet consumption of particular rodent species.

scholarly journals The Resistance of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) From the Eastern Natural Limit of Species to Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius BUDEANU ◽  
Any Mary PETRITAN ◽  
Flaviu POPESCU ◽  
Diana VASILE ◽  
Nicu Constantin TUDOSE
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Lower Altitude

In this study, different approaches were used to investigate the vulnerability of beech forests, located at the eastern limit of their natural range, to climate change. To accomplish this, six 2500 m2 plots were sampled in four European beech forest genetic resources, located in Romania at different altitudinal levels, varying from 230 to 580 m in the Bacău hills and between 650 and 1300 m in the Curvature Carpathian (Braşov region). The analysis of trees phenotypic traits, their radial growth, and the regeneration, did not indicate a vulnerability of the sampled stands to the fluctuations of the environmental factors from the 1950-2014 period. The growth indices of all three populations of Bacău hills are negatively correlated with both June air temperature of current year and September of the previous year. The precipitation amount of September previous year positively influenced the growth indices. The radial growth of plots in Braşov region is slightly linked to the climate. The temperature during the growing season represents a limiting factor for stands that are located outside of the optimal altitudinal species distribution (600-1200 m, in Romania), especially at low altitudes. Our results indicated that a rise of the temperature accompanied by a possible reduction of the precipitations (as is predicted for the coming years) could increase the sensibility of beech forests at lower altitude.

scholarly journals Macromycetes of beech forests within the eastern part of the Fagus area in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lisiewska
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Rotten Wood

This work presents the author's view on the habitat if individual forest communities based on the fungi she has collected and gives a comparison of the mycoflora of beech forest in Poland and in south and central Europe. The beech forest were studied by the phytosociological method. Fruit bodies occurring on the soil, in the litter and on rotten wood were studied.

scholarly journals Phytocenological and edaphic characteristics of sessile oak forests on Miroc Mt in northeastern Serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 27-55
Author(s):  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Olivera Kosanin ◽  
Milun Krstic ◽  
Marko Perovic ◽  
Marijana Novakovic-Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forest ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Natural Stands

This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroc mountain. Three comunities were investigated: Pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Glis. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and acid cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (exposition, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroc caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures.

scholarly journals Impact of skidder and high-lead system logging on forest soils and advanced regeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Modrý ◽  
D. Hubený
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lead System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Lead ◽  
Stand Conditions

The applied skidding technology strongly influences the impact of harvest on the ecosystem and success of natural regeneration. The impact of skidder SLKT 81 and high-lead system Larix 3T on forest soil and natural regeneration was compared under analogical site and stand conditions in a production beech forest in the environs of Brno, Czech Republic. The skidder was found to have greater effects on the soil surface consistency, soil properties and natural regeneration than the high-lead system operations. Although high-lead system operations are more friendly to all parts of forest ecosystem, the skidder may not cause excessive damage when applied under suitable terrain and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Beech forests of Azerbaijan: The modern condition, age structure and regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.M. Hasanov ◽  
Z.A. Ibrahimov ◽  
V.R. Nabiyev
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Modern Condition

scholarly journals Properties and production potential of cambic soils on andesite rocks in beech forests on Crni Vrh near Bor

2003 ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Kosanin ◽  
Milan Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Beech Forests

Cambic soils were studied in the mountainous beech forest (Fagetum moesiacae montanum, Jov. 1976) (Tomic, 1992) in the region of the mountainous massif Crni Vrh near Bor. The soils were researched in two sample plots. The study soils were formed on andesite rocks in the monodominant community of beech and now they are under a strong impact of acid deposition pollutants which reach the zone of Crni Vrh from RTB Bor.

scholarly journals Iterative Method of Discriminant Analysis to Classify Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Alvaro Sánchez-Medina ◽  
Esperanza Ayuga-Téllez ◽  
Maria Angeles Grande-Ortiz ◽  
Concepción González-García ◽  
Antonio García-Abril
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L

We present a new method for the classification of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest plots based on discriminant and frequency analysis. This method can be used as a tool to allow experts to stratify beech forests in a simple and precise way. The method is based on discriminant analysis with cross-validation of 13 variables measured in 142 plots from the 2005 Second National Forest Inventory and 63 plots from an inventory installed in specific locations together with a frequency analysis of the qualifying variables. In the first stage, the method uses the results of a frequency analysis fitted with an iterative discriminant analysis that allows improving the subsequent classifications taking into account the results of the analysis and the correctly- and wrong-classified plots. This method is applied to beech forest in Burgos (Spain) where six structural groups were described. The discriminant functions show that forest structure depends basically on diameter distribution and almost 94% of the plots are correctly classified using this methodology. The high level of correctly assigned plots indicates an accurate classification of structure that can be used to stratify beech forests with only the diameter at breast height measurement.

scholarly journals Microclimatic Tipping Points at the Beech–Oak Ecotone in the Western Romanian Carpathians

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Hohnwald ◽  
Adrian Indreica ◽  
Helge Walentowski ◽  
Christoph Leuschner
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Structure ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Tipping Points ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Elevation Difference ◽  
Romanian Carpathians

European beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a drought-sensitive species that likely will retreat from its xeric distribution edges in the course of climate warming. Physiological measurements indicate that the species may not only be sensitive to soil water deficits, but also to high temperatures and elevated atmospheric vapor pressure deficits (vpd). Through microclimatological measurements in the stand interior across near-natural beech forest–oak forest ecotones, we searched for microclimatic tipping points in the contact zone with the aim to define the thermic and hydrometeorological limits of beech more precisely. In three transects in the foothills of the Romanian western Carpathians, we measured in mid-summer 2019 air temperature, relative air humidity, and vpd at 2 m height in the stand interior across the ecotone from pure oak to pure beech forests, and compared the readings to the microclimate in forest gaps. Mean daytime temperature (T) and vpd were by 2 K and 2 hPa, respectively, higher in the oak forests than the beech forests; the extremes differed even more. Especially in the second half of the day, the oak forests heated up and were more xeric than the beech forests. Part of the differences is explained by the elevation difference between oak and beech forests (200–300 m), but species differences in canopy structure, leaf area, and canopy transmissivity enhance the microclimatic contrast. Our T and vpd data point to thresholds at about 30 °C and 25 hPa as maxima tolerated by beech in the lowermost shade canopy for extended periods. In conclusion, the rather sharp stand microclimatic gradient demonstrated here for the xeric distribution limit of beech may well be the decisive factor that hinders the spread of beech into the warmer oak forests.

scholarly journals Gap characteristics under oriental beech forest development stages in Kelardasht forests, northern Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parhizkar Pejman ◽  
Hassani Majid ◽  
Hallaj Mohammad Hossein Sadeghzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forest ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Oriental Beech ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gap Characteristics ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Diameter Classes

This study was carried out to evaluate gap characteristics and gapmakers for different development stages of an oriental beech forest in northern Iran. Development stages of 1 ha square-shaped mosaic patches were identified using 100 × 100 m sampling grid and all gaps within these mosaics were recorded. Gap areas were calculated and classified into four classes and gapmakers were counted and classified into 4 decay and 4 diameter classes as well. Results showed that gaps comprised 13.7, 9.1 and 17.6% of the study area in initial, optimal and decay stages, respectively. There was a significant difference between development stages with respect to gap size and the highest amount was observed in decay stage. Medium-sized gaps were the most frequent in all three stages. Frequency distribution of gapmakers varied among development stages. Our findings revealed that 200–500 m<sup>2</sup> is the most preferable gap size for close-to-nature silvicultural approaches in Hyrcanian beech forests. To achieve this gap size 1–2 trees should be marked for harvesting operations.

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