scholarly journals Spectral Reflectance in the Spatial-temporal Dynamic of Turbidity, Itaipu Reservoir, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Stefanello Facco ◽  
Laurindo Antonio Guasselli ◽  
Luis Fernando Chimelo Ruiz ◽  
João Paulo Delapasse Simioni ◽  
Daiane Gerhardt Dick
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Reflectance Data

Water quality and the useful life of reservoirs and dams are influenced by the entry of suspended solids, in addition to reducing theirtransparency and storage capacity. It is primary to monitor and analyses its space-time dynamics. Thus, the objective of this work isto characterize the dynamics of the Itaipu Reservoir waters from turbidity, rainfall and spectral reflectance data. To characterize thedynamics, the reservoir was divided into 18 aquatic compartments between upstream and downstream, using precipitation data fromthe TRMM sensor and Landsat 8 images in different precipitation situations. NDWI, MNDWI and NDTI water spectral indexes werecalculated from Landsat 8 images. The results showed high correlation between the NDTI index and the turbidity (R² = 0.91). Then theNDTI images were reclassified into low, medium and high turbidity. A strong correlation between turbidity and 4 Band correspondingto the spectral range of red (R² = 0.94) was also obtained. The precipitation has a determinant influence, being the Paraná River, in theperiods of greater precipitation, the main agent in sediment transport. The space-time dynamics showed that the lateral compartmentsof the reservoir have less influence on sediment transport. In this sense, our analysis brought new elements to understand the turbidityvariation in these Itaipu Reservoir compartments, as well as the spectral reflectance dynamics in the space-time characterization relatedto turbidity.

scholarly journals Small-scale spatial variability in bare-ice reflectance at Jamtalferner, Austria

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4063-4081
Author(s):  
Lea Hartl ◽  
Lucia Felbauer ◽  
Gabriele Schwaizer ◽  
Andrea Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Dry Ice ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Reflectance Data

Abstract. As Alpine glaciers become snow-free in summer, more dark, bare ice is exposed, decreasing local albedo and increasing surface melting. To include this feedback mechanism in models of future deglaciation, it is important to understand the processes governing broadband and spectral albedo at a local scale. However, few in situ reflectance data have been measured in the ablation zones of mountain glaciers. As a contribution to this knowledge gap, we present spectral reflectance data (hemispherical–conical–reflectance factor) from 325 to 1075 nm collected along several profile lines in the ablation zone of Jamtalferner, Austria. Measurements were timed to closely coincide with a Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 overpass and are compared to the respective ground reflectance (bottom-of-atmosphere) products. The brightest spectra have a maximum reflectance of up to 0.7 and consist of clean, dry ice. In contrast, reflectance does not exceed 0.2 for dark spectra where liquid water and/or fine-grained debris are present. Spectra can roughly be grouped into dry ice, wet ice, and dirt or rocks, although gradations between these groups occur. Neither satellite captures the full range of in situ reflectance values. The difference between ground and satellite data is not uniform across satellite bands, between Landsat and Sentinel, and to some extent between ice surface types (underestimation of reflectance for bright surfaces, overestimation for dark surfaces). We highlight the need for further, systematic measurements of in situ spectral reflectance properties, their variability in time and space, and in-depth analysis of time-synchronous satellite data.

A data-driven intelligent hybrid method for health prognosis of lithium-ion batteries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Vimal Singh Bisht ◽  
Mashhood Hasan ◽  
Hasmat Malik ◽  
Sandeep Sunori
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessment ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Remaining Useful Life ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Great Saving ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Value Of Health

For estimation of the RUL (Remaining useful life) of Lithium ion battery we are required to do its health assessment using online facilities. For identifying the health of a battery its internal resistance and storage capacity plays the major role. However the estimation of both these parameters is not an easy job and requires lot of computational work to be done. So to overcome this constraint an easy alternate way is simulated in the paper through which we can estimate the RUL. For formation of a linear relationship between health index of the battery (HI) and its actual capacity used of power transformation method is done and later on to validate the result a comparison study is done with Pearson & Spearman methods. Transformed value of Health Index is used for developing a neural network. The results demonstrated in the paper shows the feasibility of the proposed technique resulting in great saving of time

scholarly journals Transparent CoAP Services to IoT Endpoints through ICN Operator Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Islam ◽  
Dmitrij Lagutin ◽  
Antti Ylä-Jääski ◽  
Nikos Fotiou ◽  
Andrei Gurtov
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Computation Complexity ◽  
State Management ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
And Storage ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web transfer protocol which is intended to be used for constrained networks and devices. CoAP and its extensions (e.g., CoAP observe and group communication) provide the potential for developing novel applications in the Internet-of-Things (IoT). However, a full-fledged CoAP-based application may require significant computing capability, power, and storage capacity in IoT devices. To address these challenges, we present the design, implementation, and experimentation with the CoAP handler which provides transparent CoAP services through the ICN core network. In addition, we demonstrate how the CoAP traffic over an ICN network can unleash the full potential of the CoAP, shifting both overhead and complexity from the (constrained) endpoints to the ICN network. The experiments prove that the CoAP Handler helps to decrease the required computation complexity, communication overhead, and state management of the CoAP server.

scholarly journals Transport and storage of serotonin by thrombin-treated platelets.

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
H J Reimers ◽  
D J Allen ◽  
I A Feuerstein ◽  
J F Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Amine Storage ◽  
Storage Granules ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Amine Storage Granules

Repeated thrombin treatment of washed platelets prepared from rabbits can decrease the serotonin content of the platelets by about 80%. When these platelets are deaggregated they reaccumulate serotonin but their storage capacity for serotonin is reduced by about 60%. If thrombin-pretreated platelets are allowed to equilibrate with a high concentration of serotonin (123 mu M), they release a smaller percentage of their total serotonin upon further thrombin treatment, in comparison with the percentage of serotonin released from control platelets equilibrated with the same concentration of serotonin calculations indicate that in thrombin-treated platelets reequilibrated with serotonin, two-thirds of the serotonin is in the granule compartment and one-third is in the extragranular compartment, presumably the cytoplasm. Analysis of the exchange of serotonin between the suspending fluid and the platelets showed that thrombin treatment does not alter the transport rate of serotonin across the platelet membrane and does not cause increased diffusion of serotonin from the platelets into the suspending fluid. The primary reason for the reduced serotonin accumulation by the thrombin-treated platelets appears to be loss of amine storage granules or of the storage capacity within the granules.

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