scholarly journals Review on hard coral recruitment (Cnidaria: Scleractinia) in Colombia

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Acosta ◽  
Luisa F. Dueñas ◽  
Valeria Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Population Connectivity ◽  
Coral Recruitment ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Juvenile Coral ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
And Function

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Recruitment, defined and measured as the incorporation of new individuals (i.e. coral juveniles) into a population, is a fundamental process for ecologists, evolutionists and conservationists due to its direct effect on population structure and function. Because most coral populations are self-feeding, a breakdown in recruitment would lead to local extinction. Recruitment indirectly affects both renewal and maintenance of existing and future coral communities, coral reef biodiversity (bottom-up effect) and therefore coral reef resilience. This process has been used as an indirect measure of individual reproductive success (fitness) and is the final stage of larval dispersal leading to population connectivity. As a result, recruitment has been proposed as an indicator of coral-reef health in marine protected areas, as well as a central aspect of the decision-making process concerning management and conservation. The creation of management plans to promote impact mitigation, rehabilitation and conservation of the Colombian coral reefs is a necessity that requires firstly, a review and integration of existing literature on scleractinian coral recruitment in Colombia and secondly, larger scale field studies. This motivated us to summarize and analyze all existing information on coral recruitment to determine the state of knowledge, isolate patterns, identify gaps, and suggest future lines of research.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Recruitment, juvenile, coral, Scleractinia, structure, reef, Colombia, density, richness, monitoring.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Coral reef diversity losses in China’s Greater Bay Area were driven by regional stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (40) ◽  
pp. eabb1046
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Cybulski ◽  
Stefan M. Husa ◽  
Nicolas N. Duprey ◽  
Briony L. Mamo ◽  
Toby P. N. Tsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Critical Gap ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
And Function

Observations of coral reef losses to climate change far exceed our understanding of historical degradation before anthropogenic warming. This is a critical gap to fill as conservation efforts simultaneously work to reverse climate change while restoring coral reef diversity and function. Here, we focused on southern China’s Greater Bay Area, where coral communities persist despite centuries of coral mining, fishing, dredging, development, and pollution. We compared subfossil assemblages with modern-day communities and revealed a 40% decrease in generic diversity, concomitant to a shift from competitive to stress-tolerant species dominance since the mid-Holocene. Regions with characteristically poor water quality—high chl-a, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and turbidity—had lower contemporary diversity and the greatest community composition shift observed in the past, driven by the near extirpation of Acropora. These observations highlight the urgent need to mitigate local stressors from development in concert with curbing greenhouse gas emissions.

scholarly journals THE ABUNDANCE OF POTENTIALLY TOXIC EPIPHYTIC DINOFLAGELLATES AND NUTRIENTS FROM BALI AND GILI TRAWANGAN, INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Fish Poisoning ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
One Year

There are strong indicators that the degradation of coral reefs may increase the intensity and frequency of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) outbreaks when denuded reef surfaces are colonised by macro algae that are the preferred hosts of toxic dinoflagellates that can cause the disease. Ciguatera field studies have concentrated on the dinoflagellate genus Gambierdiscus, well known to be the producer of ciguatoxin precursors. Moreover the potential of toxins from other dinoflagellate genera such as Prorocentrum and Ostreopsis is less often considered. Whilstit is known that toxic compounds produced by Ostreopsis species include ostreotoxins (OTX) and ostreocins, the potential harmful impacts of Ostreopsis, Prorocentrum and Gambierdiscus species on coral reef organisms (and ecological impacts) are largely unknown. In addition, CFP has historically largely occurred on the oceanic islands of the world’s tropical seas, but has only recently been reported in the major archipelagoes of Indonesia and thePhilippines. In view of their degraded coral reef ecosystems and the potential link between reef health and CFP, this study examined three sites in Bali and Gili Trawangan over one year, to assess the prevalence and distribution of CFP related dinoflagellate species. Beside finding Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum at most sites, water column nitrogen nutrient levels were also found on the average to be 3−4 times higher than that recommended for a healthy coral reef (0.013mg/L). However the maximum abundance of Prorocentrum, Ostreopsis and Gambierdiscus found were low (103, 2,860 and 28 cells per gram of wet weight of host macroalgae, respectively). A factor thatmay play a part in the potential for toxicity at these sites is the abundance of sea grass (and associated micro flora and fauna) which are often present within and adjacent to coral reef ecosystems across the Indonesian archipelago.

scholarly journals The coral reef health index in Teluk Sebong, Bintan Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 763 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Dedy Kurniawan ◽  
Try Febrianto ◽  
Jumsurizal ◽  
Risandi Dwirama Putra
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Reef Health

scholarly journals Design of Mechanism and Preliminary Field Validation of Low-Cost Transfemoral Rotator for Use in the Developing World

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Cavuto ◽  
Matthew Chun ◽  
Nora Kelsall ◽  
Karl Baranov ◽  
Keriann Durgin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing World ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Common Solution ◽  
Locking Mechanism ◽  
Medial Rotation ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
And Function

Transfemoral (above-knee) amputees face a unique and challenging set of restrictions to movement and function. Most notably, they are unable to medially rotate their lower-leg and subsequently cross their legs. The best and most common solution to this issue today is a transfemoral rotator, which allows medial rotation of the leg distal to the knee through a lockable turntable mechanism. However, currently available transfemoral rotators can cost thousands of dollars, and few equivalent technologies exist in the developing world. This paper, supported by the results of field studies and user testing, establishes a framework for the design of a low-cost and easily manufacturable transfemoral rotator for use in the developing world. Two prototypes are presented, each with a unique internal locking mechanism and form. A preliminary field study was conducted on six transfemoral amputees in India and qualitative user and prosthetist feedback was collected. Both prototypes successfully allowed all subjects to complete tasks such as crossing legs, putting on pants, and tying shoes while maintaining functionality of walking and standing. Future iterations of the mechanism will be guided by a combination of the most positively received features of the prototypes and general feedback suggestions from the users.

scholarly journals A coral reef health study and its problem in Leti, Moa and Wetar Island, Mollucas Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 777 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
D D Pelasula ◽  
R Alik ◽  
F Ruli ◽  
F D Hukom ◽  
La Pay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Reef Health

FORAMINIFER-BASED CORAL REEF HEALTH ASSESSMENT FOR SOUTHWESTERN ATLANTIC OFFSHORE ARCHIPELAGOS, BRAZIL

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Barbosa ◽  
B. P. Ferreira ◽  
J. C. S. Seoane ◽  
P. Oliveira-Silva ◽  
A. L. B. Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Reef Health

scholarly journals Status of Coral Reefs in the Water of Spermonde, Makassar, South Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Purnama Sari ◽  
Rikoh Manogar Siringoringo ◽  
Muhammad Abrar ◽  
Risandi Dwirama Putra ◽  
Raden Sutiadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Live Coral Cover ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
Index Value

Observations of the condition of coral reefs have been carried out in Spermonde waters from 2015 to 2018. The method used in this observation uses Underwater Photo Transect (UPT), and the data obtained is analyzed using CPCe (Coral Point Count with Excel Extensions) software. The results show that the percentage of coral cover has increased from year to year. The percentage of live coral cover in 2015 was 19.64%, 23.60 in 2016, 23.72% in 2017, and 27.83% in 2018. The increase in live coral cover from year to year is thought to occur due to the availability of nutrients. or increasing public awareness, considering this location is one of the most famous tourist attractions in Makassar. Coral reef health index values can be used to classify coral reef health. Through the analysis of the coral reef health index, an index value of 4 was obtained, which means that the condition of the coral reefs is in the “moderate” category.

scholarly journals STATUS TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN PESISIR NEGERI HUKURILA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Dicky Sahetapy ◽  
Laura Siahainenia ◽  
Debby A J Selanno ◽  
Johannes M S Tetelepta ◽  
Novianty C Tuhumury
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Stony Coral ◽  
The Status ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Line Intercept

Coral reef is one of the important coastal ecosystems that have high biodiversity. This study aims to analyze the composition of the taxa and the distribution of coral species, the ecological index of coral communities and the status of coral reefs. The research was conducted from April-May 2019 in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village, South Leitimur District, Ambon City. Collecting coral data by using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. Determination of coral reef condition based on percent data (value) of coral reef cover. During the study, 116 species of stony coral from 49 genera and 16 families were found, which 50 species of them are protected and 23 species of ornamental coral. The similarity index of stony coral species between coral reef locations ranges from 0.52-0.76 or there is the similarity of stony coral species between locations coral reef in the amount of 52-76%. The coral reefs of Hukurila Village have high diversity of coral species, with a low dominance of coral species in the community, and the compatibility of coral species in the community is classified as stable. Acropora corals contributed a low covering percent value (9.98%), while Non-Acropora corals contributed a relatively high percent of covering value (43.56%). The status of coral reefs between locations in the coastal waters of Hukurila Village is in the criteria of good (healthy).   ABSTRAK Terumbu karang merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir penting yang emiliki kenanekaragaman hayati tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi taksa dan sebaran spesies karang, indeks ekologi kominitas karang dan status terumbu karang. Penelitian dilakukan dari April-Mei 2019 di perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila Kecamatan Leitimur Selatan Kota Ambon. Pengumpulan data karang menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Penentuan kondisi terumbu karang berdasarkan data (nilai) persen penutupan karang batu. Selama penelitian ditemukan 116 spesies karang batu dari 49 genera dan 16 famili, dimana 50 spesies diantaranya dilindungi dan 23 spesies karang hias. Indeks similaritas spesies karang batu antar stasiun terumbu karang berkisar antara 0,52-0,76 atau terdapat kesamaan spesies karang batu antar lokasi terumbu karang sebesar 52-76%. Terumbu karang Negeri Hukurila memiliki diversitas spesies karang tinggi, dengan dominansi spesies karang rendah dalam komunitas, dan keserasian spesies karang dalam komunitas tergolong stabil. Karang Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan rendah (9,98%), sementara karang Non-Acropora memberi kontribusi nilai persen penutupan karang batu relatif tinggi (43,56%). Status terumbu karang antar stasiun terumbu perairan pesisir Negeri Hukurila berada dalam kriteria baik (sehat).   Kata kunci: terumbu, karang batu, keragaman spesies, kesamaan, persen penutupan

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