A Recuperated Gas Turbine Incorporating External Heat Sources in the Combined Gas-Steam Cycle

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chodkiewicz ◽  
J. Krysinski ◽  
J. Porochnicki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Steam Cycle

The recuperation by means of external waste heat sources, as opposed to the recuperation of the turbine exhaust gases (to preheat the compressed air), allows one to utilize the hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine in the bottoming steam cycle to produce steam in order to generate additional power. Such a combined gas/steam energy system, closely integrated with the industrial process, can produce electric power (and useful heat) with high efficiency and very low atmospheric air pollution. In the present paper two examples of applications of this new technology have been analyzed from the economic and ecological viewpoint.

A Recuperated Gas Turbine Incorporating External Heat Sources in the Combined Gas-Steam Cycle

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Chodkiewicz ◽  
Jan Krysinski ◽  
Jerzy Porochnicki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Steam Cycle

The recuperation by means of external waste heat sources, as opposed to the recuperation of the turbine exhaust gases (to preheat the compressed air), allows one to utilize the hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine in the bottoming steam cycle to produce steam in order to generate additional power. Such a combined gas/steam energy system, closely integrated with the industrial process, can produce electric power (and useful heat) with high efficiency and very low atmospheric air pollution. In the present paper two examples of applications of this new technology have been analyzed from the economic and ecological viewpoint.

Power Generation From a 770°C Heat Source by Means of a Main Steam Cycle, a Topping Closed Gas Cycle and an Ammonia Bottoming Cycle

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. P. Tilliette
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Moderate Power ◽  
Main Steam ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Steam Cycle

For power generation, steam cycles make an efficient use of medium temperature (•□ 300–600°C) heat sources. They can be adapted to dry cooling, higher power ratings and output increase in winter by addition of an ammonia bottoming cycle. Active development is carried out in this field by “Electricite de France.” It is shown that a satisfactory result, for heat sources of about 770°C, is obtained with a topping closed gas cycle of moderate power rating, rejecting its waste heat into the main steam cycle. Attention has to be paid to the gas turbine cycle waste heat recovery and to the coupling of the gas turbine and steam cycles. This concept drastically reduces the importance of new technology components.

Investigation of the Bottoming Cycle for High Efficiency Combined Cycle Gas Turbine System With Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Kuk Cho ◽  
Minseok Kim ◽  
Seungjoon Baik ◽  
Yoonhan Ahn ◽  
Jeong Ik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Steam Cycle

The supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) power cycle has been receiving attention as one of the future power cycle technology because of its compact configuration and high thermal efficiency at relatively low turbine inlet temperature ranges (450∼750°C). Thus, this low turbine inlet temperature can be suitable for the bottoming cycle of a combined cycle gas turbine because its exhaust temperature range is approximately 500∼600°C. The natural gas combined cycle power plant utilizes mainly steam Rankine cycle as a bottoming cycle to recover waste heat from a gas turbine. To improve the current situation with the S-CO2 power cycle technology, the research team collected various S-CO2 cycle layouts and compared each performance. Finally, seven cycle layouts were selected as a bottoming power system. In terms of the net work, each cycle was evaluated while the mass flow rate, the split flow rate and the minimum pressure were changed. The existing well-known S-CO2 cycle layouts are unsuitable for the purpose of a waste heat recovery system because it is specialized for a nuclear application. Therefore, the concept to combine two S-CO2 cycles was suggested in this paper. Also the complex single S-CO2 cycles are included in the study to explore its potential. As a result, the net work of the concept to combine two S-CO2 cycles was lower than that of the performance of the reference steam cycle. On the other hand, the cascade S-CO2 Brayton cycle 3 which is one of the complex single cycles was the only cycle to be superior to the reference steam cycle. This result shows the possibility of the S-CO2 bottoming cycle if component technologies become mature enough to realize the assumptions in this paper.

Evaluation of Energy Efficiency for a CCHP System With Available Microturbine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. X. Liang ◽  
Q. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation

This paper deals with the problem of energy utilization efficiency evaluation of a microturbine system for Combined Cooling, Heating and Power production (CCHP). The CCHP system integrates power generation, cooling and heating, which is a type of total energy system on the basis of energy cascade utilization principle, and has a large potential of energy saving and economical efficiency. A typical CCHP system has several options to fulfill energy requirements of its application, the electrical energy can be produced by a gas turbine, the heat can be generated by the waste heat of a gas turbine, and the cooling load can be satisfied by an absorption chiller driven by the waste heat of a gas turbine. The energy problem of the CCHP system is so large and complex that the existing engineering cannot provide satisfactory solutions. The decisive values for energetic efficiency evaluation of such systems are the primary energy generation cost. In this paper, in order to reveal internal essence of CCHP, we have analyzed typical CCHP systems and compared them with individual systems. The optimal operation of this system is dependent upon load conditions to be satisfied. The results indicate that CCHP brings 38.7 percent decrease in energy consumption comparing with the individual systems. A CCHP system saves fuel resources and has the assurance of economic benefits. Moreover, two basic CCHP models are presented for determining the optimum energy combination for the CCHP system with 100kW microturbine, and the more practical performances of various units are introduced, then Primary Energy Ratio (PER) and exergy efficiency (α) of various types and sizes systems are analyzed. Through exergy comparison performed for two kinds of CCHP systems, we have identified the essential principle for high performance of the CCHP system, and consequently pointed out the promising features for further development.

Design and Operation of a Hybrid CCHP System Including PV-Wind Devices

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Wang ◽  
J. Y. Wu ◽  
C. Y. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Wind System ◽  
Fuel Price

CCHP systems based on internal combustion engines have been widely accepted as efficient distributed energy resources systems. CCHP systems can be efficient mainly because that the waste heat of engines can be recovered and used. If the waste heat is not used, CCHP systems may not be beneficial choices. PV-wind systems can generate electricity without fuel consumption, but the electric output depends on the weather, which is not reliable. A PV-wind system can be integrated into a CCHP system to form a higher efficient energy system. Actually, a hybrid energy system based on PV-wind devices and internal combustion engines has been studied by many researchers. But the waste heat of the engine is seldom considered in the previous work. Researches show that, 20∼30% energy can be converted into electricity by a small size engine while more than 70% is released. If the waste heat is not recovered, the system cannot reach a high efficiency. This work aims to analyze a hybrid CCHP system with PV-wind devices. Internal combustion engines are the prime movers whose waste heat is recovered for house heating or driving absorption chillers. PV-wind devices are added to reduce the fuel consumption and total cost. The optimal design method and optimal operation strategy are proposed basing on hourly analyses. Influences of the device cost and fuel price on the optimal dispatch strategies are discussed. Results show that all of the excess energy from the PV-wind system is not worth being stored by the battery. The hybrid CCHP system can be more economical and higher efficient in the studied case.

scholarly journals Análisis termodinámico del intercambiador de calor de un sistema ORC para el aprovechamiento de calor residual en procesos industriales

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Uzziel Caldiño-Herrera ◽  
Delfino Cornejo-Monroy ◽  
Shehret Tilvaldyev ◽  
José Omar Dávalos-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid

In this paper we present the implementation of a system based on organic Rankine cycle coupled to a heat discharge of an industrial process. Waste heat is used as an energy source input to the system, which uses this energy to evaporate an organic fluid and expand it in a turbine, where mechanical power is produced. The system consists of 4 processes and the heat exchanger is specially analyzed. According to the availability of heat energy, the heat exchanger was designed to achieve the maximum efficiency in the energy system. Likewise, the maximum thermal efficiency of the ORC system is calculated as a function of the available energy, the energy source temperature and the available mass flow rate. By these calculations, the working fluid and the suitable operating conditions were selected through a thermodynamic analysis.

scholarly journals Resonance Stirling Engine producing heat and power (CHP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
R. Schmid ◽  
J.P. Budliger
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Stable Mode ◽  
High Benefit ◽  
Pressure Swing ◽  
Useful Heat

The free-piston Resonance Stirling engine forms a new “electricity producing heating system”. Its compact assembly operates reliably and at high efficiency, setting new standards for small heating systems. Complete units are currently submitted to a prolonged test program, preparing their production at an industrial scale. The engines are heated from outside by a FLOX-burner (flameless flue gas recirculation burner), exposing the working gas to high temperatures. Even at low excess air rates the flue gases are virtually free of pollutants. The free pistons of this resonance concept oscillate in a perfectly stable mode, entailing an important cyclic pressure swing to the working gas. The electric efficiency exceeds 25% and total efficiency (electricity + useful heat) lies above 90%. The heating power of the fuel is used with high benefit, promising a widespread application to this new technology.

Integration of Low-Grade Heat from Exhaust Gases into Energy System of the Enterprise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petro Kapustenko ◽  
Olga Arsenyeva ◽  
Olena Fedorenko ◽  
Sergiy Kusakov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Gaseous Mixture ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pinch Point ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Composite Curve

Abstract In the paper is presented the way of Process Integration application for waste heat utilisation from exhaust gases streams with partial condensation. It is based on the construction of Hot Composite Curve representing the gaseous mixture cooling with accounting for the gas-liquid equilibrium of condensable vapour part. With Cold Composite Curve for streams requiring heating, the Pinch Point is determined. Then the structure of Heat Exchanger Network (HEN) for utilised Heat Integration into the energy system of the factory is developed accounting for the possible splitting of two-phase flow on gas and liquid streams and selection of plate heat exchanger (PHE) types for specific positions in HEN. The method is illustrated by a case study of heat utilisation from exhaust gases after superheated steam tobacco drying and flue gases from natural gas-fired boiler. The heat transfer areas of PHEs in HEN are optimised with the total annualised cost as an objective function. The payback period of the received solution is less than four months with a substantial saving of energy, reduction of greenhouse gases and other harmful emissions of combustion processes.

Reduction of Combustion Irreversibility in a Gas Turbine Power Plant Through Off-Gas Recycling

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Harvey ◽  
K. F. Knoche ◽  
H. J. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Overall Efficiency

Combustion in conventional fossil-fueled power plants is highly irreversible, resulting in poor overall energy conversion efficiency values (less than 40 percent in many cases). The objective of this paper is to discuss means by which this combustion irreversibility might be reduced in gas turbine power cycles, and the conversion efficiency thus improved upon. One such means is thermochemical recuperation of exhaust heat. The proposed cycle recycles part of the exhaust gases, then mixes them with fuel prior to injection into a reformer. The heat required for the endothermic reforming reactions is provided by the hot turbine exhaust gases. Assuming state-of-the-art technology, and making a number of simplifying assumptions, an overall efficiency of 65.4 percent was attained for the cycle, based on the lower heating value (LHV) of the methane fuel. The proposed cycle is compared to a Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle with similar features that achieves an overall efficiency of 64.0 percent. The gain in cycle efficiency that can be attributed to the improved fuel oxidation process is 1.4 percentage points. Compared to current high-efficiency gas turbine cycles, the high efficiency of both cycles studied therefore results mainly from the use of staged compression and expansion with intermediate cooling and reheating, respectively.

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