Power Generation From a 770°C Heat Source by Means of a Main Steam Cycle, a Topping Closed Gas Cycle and an Ammonia Bottoming Cycle

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. P. Tilliette
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Moderate Power ◽  
Main Steam ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Steam Cycle

For power generation, steam cycles make an efficient use of medium temperature (•□ 300–600°C) heat sources. They can be adapted to dry cooling, higher power ratings and output increase in winter by addition of an ammonia bottoming cycle. Active development is carried out in this field by “Electricite de France.” It is shown that a satisfactory result, for heat sources of about 770°C, is obtained with a topping closed gas cycle of moderate power rating, rejecting its waste heat into the main steam cycle. Attention has to be paid to the gas turbine cycle waste heat recovery and to the coupling of the gas turbine and steam cycles. This concept drastically reduces the importance of new technology components.

A Recuperated Gas Turbine Incorporating External Heat Sources in the Combined Gas-Steam Cycle

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Chodkiewicz ◽  
Jan Krysinski ◽  
Jerzy Porochnicki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Steam Cycle

The recuperation by means of external waste heat sources, as opposed to the recuperation of the turbine exhaust gases (to preheat the compressed air), allows one to utilize the hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine in the bottoming steam cycle to produce steam in order to generate additional power. Such a combined gas/steam energy system, closely integrated with the industrial process, can produce electric power (and useful heat) with high efficiency and very low atmospheric air pollution. In the present paper two examples of applications of this new technology have been analyzed from the economic and ecological viewpoint.

A Recuperated Gas Turbine Incorporating External Heat Sources in the Combined Gas-Steam Cycle

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chodkiewicz ◽  
J. Krysinski ◽  
J. Porochnicki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Steam Cycle

The recuperation by means of external waste heat sources, as opposed to the recuperation of the turbine exhaust gases (to preheat the compressed air), allows one to utilize the hot exhaust gases of the gas turbine in the bottoming steam cycle to produce steam in order to generate additional power. Such a combined gas/steam energy system, closely integrated with the industrial process, can produce electric power (and useful heat) with high efficiency and very low atmospheric air pollution. In the present paper two examples of applications of this new technology have been analyzed from the economic and ecological viewpoint.

Optimization of a Sintering Waste Heat Power Unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 897-900
Author(s):  
Xue Min Gong ◽  
Jiu Lin Yang ◽  
Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Steam Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Heat Power ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Main Steam

An optimization was performed for a sintering waste heat power unit with all data obtained in the site and under the unit normal operating conditions. The physical and mathematical model for the process of cooling and generation is established, which makes the net power generation as an objective function of the cooling machine imported ventilation, the thickness of sinter and the main steam pressure. Optimizing for single parameter, we found that each parameter had an optimal value for the system. In order to further optimize the system's operating parameters, genetic algorithm was used to make the combinatorial optimization of the three parameters. Optimization results show that power generation capacity per ton is increased by13.10%, and net power generation is increased by 16.17%. The optimization is instructive to the operation of sintering waste heat power unit.

Steam Turbine Driving Compressor for Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Power Plant

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wancai Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Process ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

Gas turbine is widely applied in power-generation field, especially combined gas-steam cycle. In this paper, the new scheme of steam turbine driving compressor is investigated aiming at the gas-steam combined cycle power plant. Under calculating the thermodynamic process, the new scheme is compared with the scheme of conventional gas-steam combined cycle, pointing its main merits and shortcomings. At the same time, two improved schemes of steam turbine driving compressor are discussed.

The Potential Danger of Fire in Gas Turbine Heat Exchangers

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

Increased emphasis is being placed on the regenerative gas turbine cycle, and the utilization of waste heat recovery systems, for improved thermal efficiency. For such systems there are modes of engine operation, where it is possible for a metal fire to occur in the exhaust heat exchanger. This paper is intended as an introduction to the subject, more from an engineering, than metallurgical standpoint, and includes a description of a series of simple tests to acquire an understanding of the problem for a particular application. Some engine operational procedures, and design features, aimed at minimizing the costly and dangerous occurrence of gas turbine heat exchanger fires, are briefly mentioned.

Dual Open Cycle Peaking Gas Turbine Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodger O. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Open Cycle ◽  
Electrical Generation

The generation of electrical power is a complex matter that is dependent in part both on the anticipated demand and the actual amount of power required on the grid. Therefore, the amount of power being generated varies widely depending on the time of day, day of the week, and atmospheric conditions such as cold spells and heat waves. While the amount of power varies, it is recognized that maximum efficiencies are achieved by operating power generation systems at or near steady state conditions. With this in mind, there has been an increased use of gas turbine systems that may be quickly added online to the grid to provide additional power because gas turbine systems are typically well suited for being brought online quickly to provide spinning reserve or electrical generation. However, gas turbines are recognized as not being as efficient as other plant systems such as large steam plants because the gas turbine is an open cycle system where approximately 60 to 70 percent of the energy is lost as exhaust waste heat energy. One recognized method of increasing gas turbine efficiencies is to add a steam bottoming cycle to the exhaust system. However, these closed cycle systems are costly and they compromise the gas turbine’s quick starting capability. This paper discusses an open bottoming cycle that is simple, cost effective and well suited for peaking power generation service. It not only substantially improves the gas turbine simple cycle plant heat rate, but also provides the opportunity to greatly reduce the NOX emissions levels with the application of a low temperature SCR.

Combined Solar Thermal Gas Turbine and Organic Rankine Cycle Application for Improved Cycle Efficiencies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Kusterer ◽  
René Braun ◽  
Linda Köllen ◽  
Takao Sugimoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Tanimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Central Receiver ◽  
Combined Operation ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) technologies are considered to provide a significant contribution for the electric power production in the future. Different kinds of CSP technologies are presently in operation or under development, e.g. parabolic troughs, central receivers, solar dish systems and Fresnel reflectors. In such applications, electricity is produced by thermal energy conversion cycles. For high MW-class CSP applications usually water/steam cycles (Rankine cycles) are used. Alternative technologies, especially for central receiver applications, are open and closed gas turbine cycles (Brayton cycles), where higher receiver fluid outlet temperatures can be applied. Therefore, there is the potential of higher cycle efficiencies and the advantage of reduced water consumption. The paper presents the results for design considerations to improve a gas turbine cycle of a 2 MWel class industrial gas turbine for solar-thermal application, where solar heat is fed in by a central receiver technology. The reference process is improved significantly by application of an intercooler between the two radial compressor stages and a recuperator, which recovers heat from the exhaust gases to the compressed air before the air is further pre-heated by the solar receiver. Hybrid operation of the gas turbine is considered. In order to further improve the overall cycle efficiency, the combined operation of the gas turbine and an Organic Rankine Cycle is investigated. The ORC can be coupled to the solar-thermal gas turbine cycle at the intercooler and after the recuperator. Therefore, waste heat from different cycle positions can be transferred to the ORC for additional production of electricity. The investigations have been performed by application of improved thermodynamic and process analysis tools, which consider real gas behavior of fluids and a huge number of organic fluids for application in ORCs. The results show that by choice of a suitable organic fluid the waste heat recovery can be further improved for the investigated gas turbine cycle. The major result of the study is that by combined operation of the solar thermal gas turbine and the ORC, the combined cycle efficiency is approximately 4%-points higher than in the solar-thermal gas turbine cycle.

Study on Primary and Secondary Heat-Transport Systems for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Glenn Harvel ◽  
Brian Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Fast Reactor ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Steam Cycle

One of the current engineering challenges is to design next generation (Generation IV) Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) with significantly higher thermal efficiencies (43–55%) compared to those of current NPPs to match or at least to be close to the thermal efficiencies reached at fossil-fired power plants (55–62%). The Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is one of the six concepts considered under the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) initiative. The BN-600 reactor is a sodium-cooled fast-breeder reactor built at the Beloyarsk NPP in Russia. This concept is the only one from the Generation IV nuclear-power reactors, which is actually in operation (since 1980’s). At the secondary side, it uses a subcritical-pressure Rankine-steam cycle with heat regeneration. The reactor generates electrical power in the amount of 600 MWel. The reactor core dimensions are 0.75 m (height) by 2.06 m (diameter). The UO2 fuel enriched to 17–26% is utilized in the core. There are 2 loops (circuits) for sodium flow. For safety reasons, sodium is used both in the primary and the intermediate circuits. Therefore, a sodium-to-sodium heat exchanger is used to transfer heat from the primary loop to the intermediate one. In this work major parameters of the reactor are listed. The actual scheme of the power-conversion heat-transport system is presented; and the results of the calculation of thermal efficiency of this scheme are analyzed. Details of the heat-transport system, including parameters of the sodium-to-sodium heat exchanger and main coolant pump, are presented. In this paper two possibilities for the SFR in terms of the power-conversion cycle are investigated: 1. a subcritical-pressure Rankine-steam cycle through a heat exchanger (current approach in Russian and Japanese power reactors); 2. a supercritical-pressure CO2 Brayton gas-turbine cycle through a heat exchanger (US approach). With the advent of modern super-alloys, the Rankine-steam cycle has progressed into the supercritical region of the coolant and is generating thermal efficiencies into the mid 50% range. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of a supercritical Rankine-steam cycle is also briefly discussed in this paper. According to GIF, the Brayton gas-turbine cycle is under consideration for future nuclear power reactors. The supercritical-CO2 cycle is a new approach in the Brayton gas-turbine cycle. Therefore, dependence of the thermal efficiency of this SC CO2 cycle on inlet parameters of the gas turbine is also investigated.

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