Damaged-Bone Adaptation Under Steady Homogeneous Stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ramtani ◽  
M. Zidi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Loading History ◽  
Homogeneous Stress ◽  
Bone Microdamage ◽  
Adaptive Elasticity

In this work an extension of the adaptive-elasticity theory is proposed in order to include the contribution of bone microdamage as a stimulus. Some aspects of damaged-bone tissue adaptation, brought about by a change of the daily loading history, are investigated. In particular, under the assumption of a small strain approximation and isothermal conditions, the solution of the remodeling rate equation for steady homogeneous stress is discussed and the damage effect upon the remodeling time constant is shown. The result is both theoretical and numerical, based on a recent theory of internal damaged-bone remodeling (Ramtani, S., and Zidi, M., 1999, “Damaged-Bone Remodeling Theory: Thermodynamical Approach,” Mechanics Research Communications, Vol. 26, pp. 701–708. Ramtani, S., and Zidi, M., 2001, “A Theoretical Model of the Effect of Continum Damage on a Bone Adaption Model,” Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 34, pp. 471–479) and motivated by the works of Cowin, S. C., and Hegedus, D. M., 1976, “Bone Remodeling I: Theory and Adaptive Elasticity,” Journal of Elasticity, Vol. 6, pp. 471–479 and Hegedus, D. H., and Cowin, S. C., 1976, “Bone Remodeling II: Small Strain Adaptive Elasticity,” Journal of Elasticity, Vol. 6, pp. 337–352.

Bone remodeling II: small strain adaptive elasticity

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Hegedus ◽  
S. C. Cowin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Adaptive Elasticity

High Fidelity Computational Model of Bone Remodeling Cellular Mechanisms

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Penninger ◽  
Andrés Tovar ◽  
Glen L. Niebur ◽  
John E. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Metabolic Activities

One of the most intriguing aspects of bone is its ability to grow, repair damage, adapt to mechanical loads, and maintain mineral homeostasis [1]. It is generally accepted that bone adaptation occurs in response to the mechanical demands of our daily activities; moreover, strain and microdamage have been implicated as potential stimuli that regulate bone remodeling [2]. Computational models have been used to simulate remodeling in an attempt to better understand the metabolic activities which possess the key information of how this process is carried out [3]. At present, the connection between the cellular activity of remodeling and the applied mechanical stimuli is not fully understood. Only a few mathematical models have been formulated to characterize the remolding process in terms of the cellular mechanisms that occur [4,5].

Effect of cementation on the small-strain parameters of sands

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Fernandez ◽  
J C Santamarina
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading History ◽  
Viscous Losses ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Geotechnical Design ◽  
Selection Of

Natural cementation affects the properties of soils, the interpretation of in situ and laboratory test results, and the selection of criteria for geotechnical design. In this paper, published experimental studies are reviewed, a microscale analysis is presented of the effect of cementation on small-strain stiffness for distinct stress-cementation histories, and the effect of cementation on small-strain velocity and damping is experimentally studied. Observations include the prevailing effects of cementation over effective stress, the coexistence of frictional and viscous losses, and the effects of decementation when the medium is unloaded from the level of confinement prevailing during cementation.Key words: wave velocity, seismic response, stiffness, damping, sampling effects, loading history.

Analogy of Strain Energy Density Based Bone-Remodeling Algorithm and Structural Topology Optimization

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
In Gwun Jang ◽  
Il Yong Kim ◽  
Byung Man Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Strain Energy Density ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Structural Topology Optimization ◽  
Structural Topology ◽  
Topology Optimization Method

In bone-remodeling studies, it is believed that the morphology of bone is affected by its internal mechanical loads. From the 1970s, high computing power enabled quantitative studies in the simulation of bone remodeling or bone adaptation. Among them, Huiskes et al. (1987, “Adaptive Bone Remodeling Theory Applied to Prosthetic Design Analysis,” J. Biomech. Eng., 20, pp. 1135–1150) proposed a strain energy density based approach to bone remodeling and used the apparent density for the characterization of internal bone morphology. The fundamental idea was that bone density would increase when strain (or strain energy density) is higher than a certain value and bone resorption would occur when the strain (or strain energy density) quantities are lower than the threshold. Several advanced algorithms were developed based on these studies in an attempt to more accurately simulate physiological bone-remodeling processes. As another approach, topology optimization originally devised in structural optimization has been also used in the computational simulation of the bone-remodeling process. The topology optimization method systematically and iteratively distributes material in a design domain, determining an optimal structure that minimizes an objective function. In this paper, we compared two seemingly different approaches in different fields—the strain energy density based bone-remodeling algorithm (biomechanical approach) and the compliance based structural topology optimization method (mechanical approach)—in terms of mathematical formulations, numerical difficulties, and behavior of their numerical solutions. Two numerical case studies were conducted to demonstrate their similarity and difference, and then the solution convergences were discussed quantitatively.

scholarly journals The Role of the Loading Condition in Predictions of Bone Adaptation in a Mouse Tibial Loading Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vee San Cheong ◽  
Visakan Kadirkamanathan ◽  
Enrico Dall’Ara
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Physiological Loading ◽  
Physiological Load ◽  
Significant Difference

The in vivo mouse tibial loading model is used to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanical loading treatment against skeletal diseases. Although studies have correlated bone adaptation with the induced mechanical stimulus, predictions of bone remodeling remained poor, and the interaction between external and physiological loading in engendering bone changes have not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of passive mechanical loading on the strain distribution in the mouse tibia and its predictions of bone adaptation. Longitudinal micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging was performed over 2 weeks of cyclic loading from weeks 18 to 22 of age, to quantify the shape change, remodeling, and changes in densitometric properties. Micro-CT based finite element analysis coupled with an optimization algorithm for bone remodeling was used to predict bone adaptation under physiological loads, nominal 12N axial load and combined nominal 12N axial load superimposed to the physiological load. The results showed that despite large differences in the strain energy density magnitudes and distributions across the tibial length, the overall accuracy of the model and the spatial match were similar for all evaluated loading conditions. Predictions of densitometric properties were most similar to the experimental data for combined loading, followed closely by physiological loading conditions, despite no significant difference between these two predicted groups. However, all predicted densitometric properties were significantly different for the 12N and the combined loading conditions. The results suggest that computational modeling of bone’s adaptive response to passive mechanical loading should include the contribution of daily physiological load.

Bone remodeling I: theory of adaptive elasticity

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cowin ◽  
D. H. Hegedus
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Adaptive Elasticity
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