The Effect of Nanotube Waviness and Agglomeration on the Elastic Property of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composites

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Li Shi ◽  
Xi-Qiao Feng ◽  
Yonggang Y. Huang ◽  
Keh-Chih Hwang ◽  
Huajian Gao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Elastic Stiffness ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Stiffening Effect

Owing to their superior mechanical and physical properties, carbon nanotubes seem to hold a great promise as an ideal reinforcing material for composites of high-strength and low-density. In most of the experimental results up to date, however, only modest improvements in the strength and stiffness have been achieved by incorporating carbon nanotubes in polymers. In the present paper, the stiffening effect of carbon nanotubes is quantitatively investigated by micromechanics methods. Especially, the effects of the extensively observed waviness and agglomeration of carbon nanotubes are examined theoretically. The Mori-Tanaka effective-field method is first employed to calculate the effective elastic moduli of composites with aligned or randomly oriented straight nanotubes. Then, a novel micromechanics model is developed to consider the waviness or curviness effect of nanotubes, which are assumed to have a helical shape. Finally, the influence of nanotube agglomeration on the effective stiffness is analyzed. Analytical expressions are derived for the effective elastic stiffness of carbon nanotube-reinforced composites with the effects of waviness and agglomeration. It is found that these two mechanisms may reduce the stiffening effect of nanotubes significantly. The present study not only provides the relationship between the effective properties and the morphology of carbon nanotube-reinforced composites, but also may be useful for improving and tailoring the mechanical properties of nanotube composites.

Frictional Sliding of Microcracks under Compression

2004 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Qiao Feng ◽  
Xi Shu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Frictional Sliding ◽  
Damage And Failure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Stiffening Effect

It is of interest to understand damage and failure mechanisms of microcracks and their evolution as a function of loading history, especially in the case of complex loading. Owing to their superior mechanical and physical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) seem to hold a great promise as an ideal reinforcing material for composites of high-strength and low-density. HOWEVER, In most of the experimental results, only modest improvements in the strength and stiffness have been achieved by incorporating carbon nanotubes in polymers. There are many factors that influence the overall mechanical property of CNT-reinforced composites, e.g. the weak bonding between CNTs and matrix, the waviness and agglomeration of CNTs. In the present paper, we use the Mori-Tanaka method to evaluate the effect of these factors on the moduli of CNTs-CNT-reinforced composites. It is established that the waviness and agglomeration may significantly reduce the stiffening effect of CNTs, while the interface between the matrix and CNTs influence the moduli of CNTs-reinforced composites little.In this paper, the frictional sliding of microcracks under complex triaxial loading is analyzed, and the obtained results are incorporated into the constitutive relation of microcrack-weakened brittle materials.

Critical Evaluation of the Stiffening Effect of Carbon Nanotubes in Composites

2004 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1487-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Li Shi ◽  
Xi Qiao Feng ◽  
Yonggang Y. Huang ◽  
Keh Chih Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Stiffening Effect

Owing to their superior mechanical and physical properties, cCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) seem to hold a great promise as an ideal reinforcing material for composites of high-strength and low-density. HOWEVER, In most of the experimental results to date, however, only modest improvements in the strength and stiffness have been achieved by incorporating carbon nanotubeCNTs in polymers. There are many factors that influence the overall mechanical property properties of CNT-reinforced composites, e.g. the weak bonding between CNTs and matrix, the waviness and agglomeration of CNTs. In the presentis paper, we use the Mori-Tanaka method to evaluate the effects of these factors on the moduli stiffness of CNTs-CNT-reinforced composites are examined. It is established found that the waviness and agglomeration may significantly reduce the stiffening effect of CNTs, while the interface adhesion between the matrix and CNTs has little influence the moduli of CNTs-reinforced composites little.

Flipping Carbon Nanotubes to Continuously Produce Strong, Transparent, Multifunctional Sheets

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Shaoli Fang ◽  
Anvar A. Zakhidov ◽  
Sergey B. Lee ◽  
Ali E. Aliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nanotube Arrays

We demonstrate carbon nanotube assembly by cooperatively rotating carbon nanotubes in vertically-oriented nanotube arrays (forests) and make 5-centimeter-wide, meter-long transparent sheets. These self-supporting nanotube sheets are initially formed as a highly anisotropic electronically conducting aerogel that can be densified into strong sheets that are as thin as 50 nanometers. The measured gravimetric strength of orthogonally oriented sheet arrays exceeds that of high strength steel sheet.

scholarly journals Investigation of the mechanical properties of nanocomposite SWCNTS/epoxy by micromechanics methods and experimental works

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Hedia ◽  
S. M. Aldousari ◽  
A. K. Abdellatif ◽  
G. S. Abdel Hafeez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposite ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Effective Field Method ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Stiffening Effect

In the present paper, the stiffening effect of carbon nanotubes is quantitatively investigated by micromechanics methods. The Mori-Tanaka effective-field method is employed to calculate the effective elastic moduli of composites with aligned or randomly oriented straight nanotubes. In addition, the epoxy resin is modified experimentally by adding SWCNT with different ratio i.e 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 wt.-%. A comparison between the results for SWCNT/epoxy nanocomposite which obtained analytically and experimentally is done.In the experimental work the epoxy resin is modified by adding SWCNT with different ratio i.e 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 wt.-%. The materials are characterized in tension to obtain the mechanical properties of SWCNT/epoxy nanocomposite experimentally. The results of micromechanics methods indicated that the CNTs are highly anisotropic, with Young’s modulus in the tube direction two orders of magnitude higher than that normal to the tube. The results shows a nanotube volume fraction of 0.3%of SWCNT improve all mechanical properties such as the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and the toughness. Avoid the volume fraction greater than 0.5% SWCNT. The optimal value achieved experimentally, (at 0.3% SWCNT) lies between the analytical values (that achieved parallel to the CNT and the randomly orientated straight CNTs).

scholarly journals Composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene: An outlook

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6414) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Kinloch ◽  
Jonghwan Suhr ◽  
Jun Lou ◽  
Robert J. Young ◽  
Pulickel M. Ajayan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Interfacial Engineering ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Status ◽  
Practical Impact

Composite materials with carbon nanotube and graphene additives have long been considered as exciting prospects among nanotechnology applications. However, after nearly two decades of work in the area, questions remain about the practical impact of nanotube and graphene composites. This uncertainty stems from factors that include poor load transfer, interfacial engineering, dispersion, and viscosity-related issues that lead to processing challenges in such nanocomposites. Moreover, there has been little effort to identify selection rules for the use of nanotubes or graphene in composite matrices for specific applications. This review is a critical look at the status of composites for developing high-strength, low-density, high-conductivity materials with nanotubes or graphene. An outlook of the different approaches that can lead to practically useful nanotube and graphene composites is presented, pointing out the challenges and opportunities that exist in the field.

CVD synthesis of few-walled carbon nanotubes for creating high-strength untwisted carbon nanotube yarn

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018.26 (0) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Kouichi OKUMO ◽  
Tae Sung KIM ◽  
Kazuhiko TAKAHASHI ◽  
Atsushi HOSOI ◽  
Hiroyuki KAWADA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cvd Synthesis ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymer Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 569-573
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Lebedev ◽  
Olga S. Gefle ◽  
Ernar T. Amitov ◽  
Mikhail R. Predtechensky ◽  
Alexander E. Bezrodny
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Processing Properties ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Novel electrically conductive SWCNT-reinforced composites were studied in this work. Incorporating SWCNT into CB/polymer composites provides lowering the percolation threshold. Adding a small quantity of single-walled carbon nanotubes into CB/polymer composites allows reducing CB content in electrically conductive composites and improving rheological and processing properties.

scholarly journals Dissolvable thermoplastic interleaves for carbon nanotube localization in carbon/epoxy laminates with integrated damage sensing capabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Menglong Huang ◽  
Emiliano Bilotti ◽  
Ton Peijs
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Damage Sensing ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Network ◽  
Liquid Resin Infusion ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Composites

A nano-engineered hierarchical composite with localized toughening and integrated damage sensing capabilities is described. Thermoplastic phenoxy interleaves which dissolve in epoxy resin upon heating and subsequently phase separate upon curing were employed as carrier films for localized deposition of carbon nanotubes in carbon fibre–reinforced plastics, avoiding filtration of carbon nanotubes during liquid resin infusion. Interlaminar fracture toughness was improved compared to reference epoxy-based laminates, while the introduced carbon nanotube network was utilized for in situ damage sensing purposes. Using this technology based on dissolvable thermoplastic carrier films, nanofillers can be easily introduced into fibre-reinforced composites at desired regions while simultaneously avoiding typical nanofiller drawbacks such as filtering or increased resin viscosity.

Influence of Dispersion and Alignment of Nanotubes on the Strength and Elasticity of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Unnati A. Joshi ◽  
Satish C. Sharma ◽  
S. P. Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Shear Moduli

In this paper, the effective strength and elastic properties of carbon nanotube reinforced composites are evaluated using a representative volume element with a number of carbon nanotubes embedded in the matrix. This concept is used to predict the mechanical properties of multiple, unidirectional, aligned, and also randomly dispersed carbon nanotube reinforced composites. To characterize these nanocomposites, a continuum model has been developed for large-scale analysis. The effective Young’s and shear moduli of the composites are determined using finite element analysis under the effect of elastic deformation. The role of design parameters like length and volume fraction of carbon nanotubes, tensile and shear strength as well as type of loading conditions are analyzed for multiple carbon nanotubes based composites. The discontinuous and continuous types of carbon nanotubes, with aligned and random distribution, are evaluated. The results show that the continuous and aligned carbon nanotubes produce the largest tensile modulus, compared to the discontinuous and aligned as well as discontinuous and randomly oriented carbon nanotubes along the longitudinal direction.

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