Predicting Change Propagation in Complex Design

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. John Clarkson ◽  
Caroline Simons ◽  
Claudia Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Change Propagation ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Analysis Of Change ◽  
Propagation Paths

In redesign and design for customization, products are changed. During this process a change to one part of the product will, in most cases, result in changes to other parts. The prediction of such change provides a significant challenge in the management of redesign and customization of complex products where many change propagation paths may be possible. This paper reports on an analysis of change behavior based on a case study in Westland Helicopters of rotorcraft design; the development of mathematical models to predict the risk of change propagation in terms of likelihood and impact of change; and the development of a prototype computer support tool to calculate such information for a specific product. With knowledge of likely change propagation paths and their impact on the delivery of the product, design effort can be directed towards avoiding change to “expensive” sub-systems and, where possible, allowing change where it is easier to implement while still achieving the overall changes required.

Predicting Change Propagation in Complex Design

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. John Clarkson ◽  
Caroline Simons ◽  
Claudia Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
Computer Support ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Analysis Of Change

Abstract In redesign and design for customization, products are changed. During this process a change to one part of the product will, in most cases, result in changes to other parts. The accurate prediction of this change propagation provides a significant challenge in the management of redesign and customization. This paper reports on an analysis of change behavior based on a case study in GKN Westland Helicopters of rotorcraft design; the development of mathematical models to predict the risk of change propagation in terms of likelihood and impact of change; and the development of a prototype computer support tool.

Cost-effective propagation paths for multiple change requirements in the product design

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inayat Ullah ◽  
Dunbing Tang ◽  
Leilei Yin ◽  
Ishfaq Hussain ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Propagation Paths

Design projects have been surrounded by tight schedule and cost overruns. Therefore, it is indispensable to resolve the design changes in an economical way. This work introduces an advanced technique to assess and optimize change propagation paths for multiple change requirements occurring simultaneously during the product development process. A novel multiple change requirement algorithm and a mathematical model considering the overall propagated risk are developed, to explore cost-effective change propagation paths in terms of lead time. The risk is quantified with regard to propagation likelihood and change impact, which results in re-work. Design structure matrix framework is used to capture the dependencies between components. It is revealed that the change requirements execution sequence has a significant effect on the total number of change propagation paths, change steps, distinct change components, and completion time. This approach is illustrated by a case study, which indicates that the proposed methodology can assist the designer in exploring and selecting optimal change propagation paths.

scholarly journals Identification of Influential Modules Considering Design Change Impacts Based on Parallel Breadth-First Search and Bat Algorithm

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfu Cheng ◽  
Zhihu Guo ◽  
Xiaotian Ma ◽  
Tian Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Design Change ◽  
Modular Product ◽  
Modular Products ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Propagation Paths

Modular design is a widely used strategy that meets diverse customer requirements. Close relationships exist between parts inside a module and loose linkages between modules in the modular products. A change of one part or module may cause changes of other parts or modules, which in turn propagate through a product. This paper aims to present an approach to analyze the associations and change impacts between modules and identify influential modules in modular product design. The proposed framework explores all possible change propagation paths (CPPs), and measures change impact degrees between modules. In this article, a design structure matrix (DSM) is used to express dependence relationships between parts, and change propagation trees of affected parts within module are constructed. The influence of the affected part in the corresponding module is also analyzed, and a reachable matrix is employed to determine reachable parts of change propagation. The parallel breadth-first algorithm is used to search propagation paths. The influential modules are identified according to their comprehensive change impact degrees that are computed by the bat algorithm. Finally, a case study on the grab illustrates the impacts of design change in modular products.

scholarly journals Subsystems Change Ranking Methodology (SCRaM) for Complex Product Redesign Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fairuz Izzuddin Romli ◽  
Kian Hou Cheang ◽  
Jun Xian Chew ◽  
Azmin Shakrine Mohd Rafie
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Complex Product ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
The Right

Product redesign is hardly a straightforward process, especially for complex products. The existence of intricate interrelationships between different components of product design architecture makes it more susceptible to change propagation phenomenon. In this case, redesign risk is not easy to predict since the change effects are being propagated to other components from the initiating change component. Because of this condition, choosing the right initiating change component is essential to control redesign process risks, apart from being able to successfully satisfy the product requirements. With this notion, this paper proposes a method that systematically ranks all components of an existing product design based on their estimated redesign risk. By having this information, designers can make a better redesign planning. The demonstration of this method is presented through an example aircraft redesign case study.

scholarly journals The Importance of Environmental Factors in the Planning of Container Terminals: The Case Study of the Port of Augusta

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
Nadia Giuffrida ◽  
Maja Stojaković ◽  
Elen Twrdy ◽  
Matteo Ignaccolo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Different Levels

Container terminals are the main hubs of the global supply chain but, conversely, they play an important role in energy consumption, environmental pollution and even climate change due to carbon emissions. Assessing the environmental impact of this type of port terminal and choosing appropriate mitigation measures is essential to pursue the goals related to a clean environment and ensuring a good quality of life of the inhabitants of port cities. In this paper the authors present a Terminal Decision Support Tool (TDST) for the development of a container terminal that considers both operation efficiency and environmental impacts. The TDST provides environmental impact mitigation measures based on different levels of evolution of the port’s container traffic. An application of the TDST is conducted on the Port of Augusta (Italy), a port that is planning infrastructural interventions in coming years in order to gain a new role as a reference point for container traffic in the Mediterranean.

Exploring Effective Change Propagation in a Product Family Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inayat Ullah ◽  
Dunbing Tang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Leilei Yin
Keyword(s):  
Product Family ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Effective Change ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Requirements Change ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Design Requirements

Product family (PF) design is a widely used strategy in the industry, as it allows meeting diverse design requirements. Change propagation in any PF is difficult to predict. Consequently, while numerous design change management methodologies presently exist, their application is restricted to a single artifact. This issue is overcome in the present study. The proposed framework explores effective change propagation paths (CPPs) by considering the risks associated with design changes in the PF with the aim of minimizing the overall redesign cost. The propagated risk, which would result in rework, is quantified in terms of change impact and propagation likelihood. Moreover, a design structure matrix (DSM) based mathematical model and an algorithm for its implementation are proposed to investigate the change propagation across the PF. Finally, to demonstrate their effectiveness, a PF of electric kettles is examined in a case study. The study findings confirm that the proposed technique is appropriate for evaluating different CPPs in PF.

scholarly journals Performance assessment of alternative SSS networks by combining KPIs and factor-cluster analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Serra ◽  
Gianfranco Fancello
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Performance Benchmarking ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Quantitative Results

Abstract Performance assessment is a fundamental tool to successfully monitor and manage logistics and transport systems. In the field of Short Sea Shipping (SSS), the performance of the various maritime initiatives should be analyzed to assess the best way to achieve efficiency and guide related policies. This study proposes a quantitative methodology which can serve as a decision-support tool in the preliminary assessment and comparison of alternative SSS networks. The research is executed via a Mediterranean case study that compares a hypothetical Mediterranean ro-ro SSS network developed in the framework of a past Euro-Mediterranean cooperation project with the network of existing ro-ro liner services operating in the area. Performance benchmarking of the two networks is performed using a set of quantitative Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and applying a factor-cluster analysis to produce homogeneous clusters of services based on the relevant variables while accounting for sample heterogeneity. Quantitative results mostly confirm the overall better performance of the prospective network and demonstrate that using KPIs and factor-cluster analysis to investigate the performance of maritime networks can provide policymakers with a preliminary wealth of knowledge that can help in setting targeted policy for SSS-oriented initiatives.

Simulation in food catering industry. A dashboard of performance indicators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tufano ◽  
Riccardo Accorsi ◽  
Andrea Gallo ◽  
Riccardo Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Price ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Single Production

"Contract catering industry is concerned with the production of ready-to-eat meals for schools, hospitals and private companies. The structure of this market is highly competitive, and customers are rarely willing to pay a high price for this catering service. A single production sites may be demanded up to 10.000 meals per day and these operations can hardly be managed via rule of thumbs without any quantitative decision support tool. This situation is common at several stages of a food supply chain and the methodologies presented in this paper are addressed to any food batch production system with similar complexity and trade-offs. This paper proposes an original KPI dashboard, designed to control costs, time and quality efficiency and helping managers to identify criticalities. Special emphasis is given on food safety control which is the management’s main concern and must be carefully monitored in each stage of the production. To calculate the value of KPIs a Montecarlo simulation approach is used to deal with production complexity and uncertainty. A case study showcases the potential of simulation in this complex industrial field. The case study illustrates an application of the methodology on an Italian company suffering local recipe contamination. The company aims at defining the best standard for production, identifying cycles being sustainable from an economic and environmental point of view."

A Data-Driven Decision Support Tool at the service of Energy suppliers and Utilities for Tackling Energy Poverty: A case study in Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Arsenopoulos ◽  
Elissaios Sarmas ◽  
Andriana Stavrakaki ◽  
Ioanna Giannouli ◽  
John Psarras
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Support Tool

A Method for Classifying Products Designed for the Developing World

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paden M. Troxell ◽  
Charles Kim
Keyword(s):  
Developing World ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Product Class ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Design Guidance

Researchers in the area of design for the developing world have synthesized knowledge from location-specific product case studies in the form of design guidance, which includes pitfalls, principles, and methods. Much of the design guidance relates to specific product classes and regions, while recent work is directed towards generalized principles. The aim of this paper is to fill gaps in product class-specific design guidance by creating larger groups of similar products, which share design characteristics. In this paper, we present a method for classifying products into such groups utilizing cluster analysis. We present a five-step method, which includes optional synthesis of design principles. The potential value of the method is demonstrated in a case study. The result included two distinct product groups, titled Products for Relief and Products for Development, and corresponding design principles for each group.

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