Simulating Dynamic Activities Using a Five-Axis Knee Simulator

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorin P. Maletsky ◽  
Ben M. Hillberry
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Cadaveric Knee ◽  
Good Agreement

This work describes the design and capabilities of the Purdue Knee Simulator: Mark II and a sagittal-plane model of the machine. This five-axis simulator was designed and constructed to simulate dynamic loading activities on either cadaveric knee specimens or total knee prostheses mounted on fixtures. The purpose of the machine was to provide a consistent, realistic loading of the knee joint, allowing the kinematics and specific loading of the structures of the knee to be determined based on condition, articular geometry, and simulated activity. The sagittal-plane model of the knee simulator was developed both to predict the loading at the knee from arbitrary inputs and to generate the necessary inputs required to duplicate specified joint loading. Measured tibio-femoral compressive force and quadriceps tension were shown to be in good agreement with the predicted loads from the model. A controlled moment about the ankle-flexion axis was also shown to change the loading on the quadriceps.

Loading Evaluation of Knee Joint During Walking Using the Next Generation Knee Simulator

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorin P. Maletsky ◽  
Ben M. Hillberry
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Five Axis

Abstract Even with the advances in material selection, processing, and articular geometry for knee prostheses, there is still a need for in vitro evaluation of these components. The high occurrence of revision surgeries for failed prosthetics suggests that the component designs can still be improved. While historically the typical total knee recipient was an elderly woman, components are being implanted in younger patients who wish to lead more active lives with their new artificial knees. Therefore, the testing of new prostheses must be more rigorous and demanding than done previously. For these reasons a new five-axis electro-hydraulic knee simulator was constructed.

scholarly journals Computational Muscle Driven Knee Simulator for Assessment of Total Knee Replacement Post-Cam Mechanics

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.27) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Mohd Afzan Mohd Anuar ◽  
Mitsugu Todo
Keyword(s):  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cam Mechanism ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Tibial Post ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Von Mises Stresses

Biomechanics of post-cam mechanism is essential in determining the longevity of knee implant. Computational knee simulator is an efficient method in characterizing TKA performance under various boundary conditions. The existing knee simulators, however, were actuated only by quadriceps translation and hip load to perform squatting motion. The present computational knee simulator was developed based on lower limb of Japanese female subject having body weight, W = 51 kg and height, H = 148 cm. Two different designs of PS-type knee prostheses were tested namely Superflex and NRG. The knee motion was driven by three major muscles; quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius. The biomechanical behavior of tibiofemoral articulation associated with post-cam engagement mechanics was observed. Post-cam engagement occurred at 80° and 65° of flexion angles for Superflex and NRG, respectively. Maximum von Mises stresses at tibial post were 80 MPa and 50 MPa for Superflex and NRG, respectively. The developed computational muscle driven knee simulator has successfully assessed the performance of TKA prostheses. 

Ankle Joint Load and Leg Muscle Activity during Lifting

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ekholm ◽  
O. Svensson ◽  
U. P. Arborelius ◽  
G. Nemeth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
Talocrural Joint ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Joint Load

The load on the talocrural joint during three different ways of lifting was compared and discussed with biomechanical and ergonomical aspects. Healthy subjects lifted a 12.8kg box from floor to table-level with bent and straight knees. The loading moment of force about the bilateral ankle axis was calculated by means of a computerized static sagittal plane model. Electromyography was recorded from the tibial anterior, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. The mean maximum loading moment was found to be 68 newton-meters with an estimated joint compressive force of 2.9 times body weight. The lowest loading moments obtained were associated with lifting the burden between bent knees and close to the pelvis.

Wear of Artificial Joint Materials III

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Treharne ◽  
R W Young ◽  
S R Young
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Artificial Joint ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee

This paper describes a new method for testing total knee prostheses under simulated in vivo conditions. Previous knee simulator work has been summarized and described. The major variables of testing are also described in detail. The results of wear testing five types of knee prostheses were that the wear rate was nearly an inverse relationship with contact area— knees with a higher contact area had lower wear rates.

A reliable clean process for five-axis milling of knee prostheses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaizka Gómez-Escudero ◽  
Aner Jimeno Beitia ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez de Pissón Caruncho ◽  
Luis Norberto López de Lacalle ◽  
Haizea González-Barrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Five Axis

Accurate internal–external rotation measurement in total knee prostheses: A magnetic solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Arami ◽  
Jenifer Miehlbradt ◽  
Kamiar Aminian
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Rotation Measurement ◽  
Total Knee

scholarly journals Influence of Different Patellofemoral Design Variations Based on Genesis II Total Knee Endoprosthesis on Patellofemoral Pressure and Kinematics

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf G. Leichtle ◽  
Barbara Lange ◽  
Yvonne Herzog ◽  
Peter Schnauffer ◽  
Carmen I. Leichtle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Original Design ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Genesis Ii ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Patellofemoral Kinematics ◽  
Patellofemoral Pressure ◽  
Knee Endoprosthesis

In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), patellofemoral groove design varies greatly and likely has a distinct influence on patellofemoral biomechanics. To analyse the selective influence, five patellofemoral design variations were developed based on Genesis II total knee endoprosthesis (original design, being completely flat, being laterally elevated, being medially elevated, and both sides elevated) and made from polyamide using rapid prototyping. Muscle-loaded knee flexion was simulated on 10 human knee specimens using a custom-made knee simulator, measuring the patellofemoral pressure distribution and tibiofemoral and patellofemoral kinematics. The measurements were carried out in the native knee as well as after TKA with the 5 design prototypes. The overall influence of the different designs on the patellofemoral kinematics was small, but we found detectable effects for mediolateral tilt (p<0.05 for 35°–80° flexion) and translation of the patella (p<0.045 for 20°–65° and 75°–90°), especially for the completely flat design. Considering patellofemoral pressures, major interindividual differences were seen between the designs, which, on average, largely cancelled each other out. These results suggest that the elevation of the lateral margin of the patellofemoral groove is essential for providing mediolateral guidance, but smooth contouring as with original Genesis II design seems to be sufficient. The pronounced interindividual differences identify a need for more patellofemoral design options in TKA.

The Relationship between Pre- and Postoperative Range of Motion Utilizing Three Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Prostheses

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Stormont ◽  
Kim J. Chillag ◽  
James W. Scott ◽  
Mark A. Klaassen ◽  
William S. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Cruciate Retaining ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Lubrication Property of Total Knee Prostheses with PVA Hydrogel Layer as Artificial Cartilage.

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (580) ◽  
pp. 4295-4302
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Sawae ◽  
Teruo Murakami ◽  
Hidehiko Higaki ◽  
Sigeaki Moriyama
Keyword(s):  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Artificial Cartilage ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Pva Hydrogel

scholarly journals In VivoHealthy Knee Kinematics during Dynamic Full Flexion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Hamai ◽  
Taka-aki Moro-oka ◽  
Nicholas J. Dunbar ◽  
Hiromasa Miura ◽  
Yukihide Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Knee Flexion Angle ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Full Flexion ◽  
2D Model

Healthy knee kinematics during dynamic full flexion were evaluated using 3D-to-2D model registration techniques. Continuous knee motions were recorded during full flexion in a lunge from 85° to 150°. Medial and lateral tibiofemoral contacts and femoral internal-external and varus-valgus rotations were analyzed as a function of knee flexion angle. The medial tibiofemoral contact translated anteroposteriorly, but remained on the center of the medial compartment. On the other hand, the lateral tibiofemoral contact translated posteriorly to the edge of the tibial surface at 150° flexion. The femur exhibited external and valgus rotation relative to the tibia over the entire activity and reached 30° external and 5° valgus rotations at 150° flexion. Kinematics’ data during dynamic full flexion may provide important insight as to the designing of high-flexion total knee prostheses.

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