Loading Evaluation of Knee Joint During Walking Using the Next Generation Knee Simulator

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorin P. Maletsky ◽  
Ben M. Hillberry
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Five Axis

Abstract Even with the advances in material selection, processing, and articular geometry for knee prostheses, there is still a need for in vitro evaluation of these components. The high occurrence of revision surgeries for failed prosthetics suggests that the component designs can still be improved. While historically the typical total knee recipient was an elderly woman, components are being implanted in younger patients who wish to lead more active lives with their new artificial knees. Therefore, the testing of new prostheses must be more rigorous and demanding than done previously. For these reasons a new five-axis electro-hydraulic knee simulator was constructed.

Simulating Dynamic Activities Using a Five-Axis Knee Simulator

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorin P. Maletsky ◽  
Ben M. Hillberry
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Cadaveric Knee ◽  
Good Agreement

This work describes the design and capabilities of the Purdue Knee Simulator: Mark II and a sagittal-plane model of the machine. This five-axis simulator was designed and constructed to simulate dynamic loading activities on either cadaveric knee specimens or total knee prostheses mounted on fixtures. The purpose of the machine was to provide a consistent, realistic loading of the knee joint, allowing the kinematics and specific loading of the structures of the knee to be determined based on condition, articular geometry, and simulated activity. The sagittal-plane model of the knee simulator was developed both to predict the loading at the knee from arbitrary inputs and to generate the necessary inputs required to duplicate specified joint loading. Measured tibio-femoral compressive force and quadriceps tension were shown to be in good agreement with the predicted loads from the model. A controlled moment about the ankle-flexion axis was also shown to change the loading on the quadriceps.

Knee Kinematics During an In Vitro Simulated Deep Flexion Squat

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadd W. Clary ◽  
Amit M. Mane ◽  
Amber N. Reeve ◽  
Kevin A. Dodd ◽  
Lorin P. Maletsky
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Deep Flexion ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding the behavior of the natural knee in deep flexion can offer insight into the necessary design characteristics of a total knee implant. Andriacchi et al. [1] measured the in vivo characteristics of knee motion down to ∼150° knee flexion during a weight bearing squat. Likewise, Li et al. [2] investigated deep knee flexion in vitro using robotic technology during passive knee flexion. Both of these studies offer insight into the behavior of the knee in deep knee flexion; however, they have some limitations with regards to assessing physiological activities in a controlled manner. The purpose of this study was to measure the kinematics of the knee during a simulated in vitro deep knee squat so that in the future a dynamic, load-bearing, simulated deep knee squat could be used as a tool in the design of total knee prostheses.

scholarly journals Computational Muscle Driven Knee Simulator for Assessment of Total Knee Replacement Post-Cam Mechanics

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.27) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Mohd Afzan Mohd Anuar ◽  
Mitsugu Todo
Keyword(s):  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cam Mechanism ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Tibial Post ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Von Mises Stresses

Biomechanics of post-cam mechanism is essential in determining the longevity of knee implant. Computational knee simulator is an efficient method in characterizing TKA performance under various boundary conditions. The existing knee simulators, however, were actuated only by quadriceps translation and hip load to perform squatting motion. The present computational knee simulator was developed based on lower limb of Japanese female subject having body weight, W = 51 kg and height, H = 148 cm. Two different designs of PS-type knee prostheses were tested namely Superflex and NRG. The knee motion was driven by three major muscles; quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius. The biomechanical behavior of tibiofemoral articulation associated with post-cam engagement mechanics was observed. Post-cam engagement occurred at 80° and 65° of flexion angles for Superflex and NRG, respectively. Maximum von Mises stresses at tibial post were 80 MPa and 50 MPa for Superflex and NRG, respectively. The developed computational muscle driven knee simulator has successfully assessed the performance of TKA prostheses. 

F-0922 Wear evaluation of total knee prostheses using knee joint simulator

2001 ◽  
Vol IV.01.1 (0) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Yoshinori SAWAE ◽  
Teruo MURAKAMI ◽  
Shuhei YOSHIDA ◽  
Changhee CHO ◽  
Takatoshi HORIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Wear Evaluation

Knee Joint Loading Patterns During Activities of Daily Living in TKR Patients

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Benson ◽  
Martine LeBerge ◽  
Thomas B. Pace
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Total Knee

The kinetics and kinematics of the knee joint during a variety of activities of daily living were studied in a group of total knee replacement (TKR) patients. The parameters examined were those needed to program a force-controlled knee simulator (axial and anterior-posterior (AP) forces, internal-external (IE) moment, and flexion angle). These parameters were calculated for walking, fast walking, stand-to-sit, sit-to-stand, bending, stair ascent and stair descent using body-fixed inertial sensors, a force platform, and estimates of muscles forces. Peak values for loading patterns were not significantly different from those for an age-matched control group. Axial forces were lower in comparison to published results for normal and TKR populations, due to slower cadences and conservative estimates of muscle forces. Peak posterior forces and IE moments were higher than published results. These patterns were combined to form a spectrum loading pattern, with the activities occurring in approximately the same ratios of relative frequency as reported in the literature. The spectrum pattern can be used to program a force-controlled knee simulator in order to apply more relevant loading patterns to knee implants.

Influences of Varus Tilt on the Stresses in Human Prosthetic Knee Joint

2016 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Calafeteanu ◽  
Daniela Tarniţă ◽  
Marius Catana ◽  
Dan Tarnita
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Ansys Simulation ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Total Knee

In this paper the effects of varus tilt on contact stresses in the three components of total knee prostheses using 3D finite element analysis were investigated. Using Ansys simulation environment, six complex virtual models of human knee joint–prosthesis assembly obtained for six different varus tilts which increase from 176o to 191o, with an increment of 3o have been subjected to finite element analysis in order to obtain the stress maps and total displacements maps.

Cushion form Bearings for Total Knee Joint Replacement Part 2: Wear and Durability

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D Auger ◽  
D Dowson ◽  
J Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Biomechanical Constraints

Cushion knee prostheses have been designed and constructed to produce larger initial contact areas and thicker theoretical film thicknesses than a conventional UHMWPE (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) joint. The compliant bearing had a flat tibial component which imposed fewer biomechanical constraints and allowed greater range of movement. Wear tests were performed in a knee joint simulator and creep tests were carried out in a servo-hydraulic apparatus. Various failure modes of cushion joints that require further study were identified. However, the results showed that adequate durability was achieved from a 20 MPa polyurethane material in joint simulating tests carried out over 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 million cycles. Most importantly, during these tests, no detectable wear debris was generated. It is believed that this is the first time that the full potential of cushion bearings has been demonstrated in a joint simulator over periods corresponding to about five years of service in vivo.

Wear of Artificial Joint Materials III

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Treharne ◽  
R W Young ◽  
S R Young
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Artificial Joint ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Total Knee

This paper describes a new method for testing total knee prostheses under simulated in vivo conditions. Previous knee simulator work has been summarized and described. The major variables of testing are also described in detail. The results of wear testing five types of knee prostheses were that the wear rate was nearly an inverse relationship with contact area— knees with a higher contact area had lower wear rates.

scholarly journals Roughness Digital Characterization and Influence on Wear of Retrieved Knee Components

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11224
Author(s):  
Saverio Affatato ◽  
Alessandro Ruggiero ◽  
Silvia Logozzo ◽  
Maria Cristina Valigi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Total Knee Replacements ◽  
Knee Replacements ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Digital Methods

Tribological performance of knee components are strongly related to the surface characteristics. Primarily, the roughness and its 3D distribution on the surfaces affect the joint performance. One of the main limitations related to the tribological study of knee prostheses is that most of the research studies report in vitro or in silico results, as knee retrievals are difficult to find or are too damaged to be analyzed. This paper is focused on the roughness characterization of retrieved metal femoral components of total knee replacements (TKR) by means of a rugosimeter and involving digital methods to reconstruct the 3D topography of the studied surfaces. The aim of this study is to investigate how changes and distribution of roughness are correlated between the medial vs. the lateral part and how the resulting digital topography can give insights about the wear behavior.

scholarly journals Computational Knee Ligament Modeling Using Experimentally Determined Zero-Load Lengths

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H Bloemker ◽  
Trent M Guess ◽  
Lorin Maletsky ◽  
Kevin Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Knee Ligament ◽  
Knee Simulator ◽  
Subject Specific

This study presents a subject-specific method of determining the zero-load lengths of the cruciate and collateral ligaments in computational knee modeling. Three cadaver knees were tested in a dynamic knee simulator. The cadaver knees also underwent manual envelope of motion testing to find their passive range of motion in order to determine the zero-load lengths for each ligament bundle. Computational multibody knee models were created for each knee and model kinematics were compared to experimental kinematics for a simulated walk cycle. One-dimensional non-linear spring damper elements were used to represent cruciate and collateral ligament bundles in the knee models. This study found that knee kinematics were highly sensitive to altering of the zero-load length. The results also suggest optimal methods for defining each of the ligament bundle zero-load lengths, regardless of the subject. These results verify the importance of the zero-load length when modeling the knee joint and verify that manual envelope of motion measurements can be used to determine the passive range of motion of the knee joint. It is also believed that the method described here for determining zero-load length can be used for in vitro or in vivo subject-specific computational models.

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