Development of the 2400G Stationary Gas Engines

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-819
Author(s):  
B. M. Chrisman ◽  
P. D. Freen
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Cylinder Test ◽  
Gas Fueled ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Engine Development

Development of the in-line versions of the 2400G Series of spark ignited, gas-fueled engines has been in process for the last six years. The main objective of this program is to produce a new series of 1200 rpm gas engines having a continuous duty rating of 200 bhp per cylinder. This paper deals with the highlights of the engine development program from the initial concept stage through the operation of prototype engines at customer sites. Development procedures are described that led to substantial advances in performance improvement and exhaust emissions control. A focal point of this work is the combustion analysis, which was conducted through computer simulation and through the operation of a gas-fueled, single-cylinder test facility. This preliminary analysis resulted in the definition of the basic configurations for the prechamber and the main combustion chamber. The applicability of the modeling and the single cylinder test work to the six and eight cylinder engines is evaluated in this paper. Development of appropriate manifolding, turbocharging, and cylinder balance was a critical part of the multicylinder phase of this program. Another key issue was the design and testing of the electronic feedback control system that assures continuous operation at conditions that produce optimized fuel economy and exhaust emissions. The satisfactory operation of the six and eight cylinder 2400G prototype engines in the field is based on the foundation of the developmental work described in this paper.

MARCEL PAGNOL'S THE BAKER'S WIFE, A CINEMATIC CHARIVARI IN POPULAR FRONT FRANCE

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRETT BOWLES
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
National Union ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of

Taking an anthropological approach, this article interprets Pagnol's critically acknowledged classic as a reinvention of a carnivalesque ritual practised in France from the late middle ages through the late 1930s, when ethnographers observed its last vestiges. By linking La Femme du boulanger (The baker's wife, 1938) to contemporaneous debates over gender, national decadence, and the definition of French cultural identity, I argue that the film recycles the charivari's long-standing function as a tool of popular protest against social and political practices regarded as detrimental to the welfare of the nation. In the context of the Popular Front, Pagnol's charivari ridiculed divisive partisan politics pitting Left against Right, symbolically purged class conflict from the social body, and created a new form of folklore that served as a focal point for the communitarian ritual of movie-going among the urban working and middle classes. In so doing, the film promoted the ongoing shift in public support away from the Popular Front in favour of a conservative ‘National Union’ government under Prime Minister Edouard Daladier, who in 1938–9 assumed the role of France's newest political patriarch.

A Transient Single Cylinder Test System for Engine Research and Control Development

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Lahti ◽  
Matthew W. Snyder ◽  
John J. Moskwa
Keyword(s):  
Test System ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Test Configuration ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Cylinder Test ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reduce Development Time ◽  
High Bandwidth

A transient test system was developed for a single cylinder research engine that greatly improves test accuracy by allowing the single cylinder to operate as though it were part of a multi-cylinder engine. The system contains two unique test components: a high bandwidth transient hydrostatic dynamometer, and an intake airflow simulator. The high bandwidth dynamometer is used to produce a speed trajectory for the single cylinder engine that is equivalent to that produced by a multi-cylinder engine. The dynamometer has high torque capacity and low inertia allowing it to simulate the speed ripple of a multi-cylinder engine while the single cylinder engine is firing. Hardware in loop models of the drivetrain and other components can be used to test the engine as though it were part of a complete vehicle, allowing standardized emissions tests to be run. The intake airflow simulator is a specialized intake manifold that uses solenoid air valves and a vacuum pump to draw air from the manifold plenum in a manner that simulates flow to other engine cylinders, which are not present in the single cylinder test configuration. By regulating this flow from the intake manifold, the pressure in the manifold and the flow through the induction system are nearly identical to that of the multi-cylinder application. The intake airflow simulator allows the intake runner wave dynamics to be more representative of the intended multi-cylinder application because the appropriate pressure trajectory is maintained in the intake manifold plenum throughout the engine cycle. The system is ideally suited for engine control development because an actual engine cylinder is used along with a test system capable of generating a wide range of transient test conditions. The ability to perform transient tests with a single cylinder engine may open up new areas of research exploring combustion and flow under transient conditions. The system can also be used for testing the engine under conditions such as cylinder deactivation, fuel cut-off, and engine restart. The improved rotational dynamics and improved intake manifold dynamics of the test system allow the single cylinder engine to be used for control development and emissions testing early in the engine development process. This can reduce development time and cost because it allows hardware problems to be identified before building more expensive multi-cylinder engines.

Laser-Spark Ignition Testing in a Natural Gas-Fueled Single-Cylinder Engine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McMillian ◽  
Steven Richardson ◽  
Steven D. Woodruff ◽  
Dustin McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine ◽  
Laser Spark ◽  
Gas Fueled ◽  
Laser Spark Ignition

A New Type of Gas Turbine Based-Hybrid Propulsion System: Part 1—Concept Development, Definition of Mission Parameters and Preliminary Sizing

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Cioffarelli ◽  
Enrico Sciubba
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract A hybrid propulsion system of new conception for medium-size passenger cars is described and its preliminary design developed. The system consists of a turbogas set operating at fixed rpm, and a battery-operated electric motor that constitutes the actual “propulsor”. The battery pack is charged by the thermal engine which works in an electronically controlled on/off mode. Though the idea is not entirely new (there are some concept cars with similar characteristics), the present study has important new aspects, in that it bases the sizing of the thermal engine on the foreseen “worst case” vehicle mission (derived from available data on mileage and consumption derived from road tests and standard EEC driving mission cycles) that they can in fact be accomplished, and then proceeds to develop a control strategy that enables the vehicle to perform at its near–peak efficiency over a wide range of possible missions. To increase the driveability of the car, a variable-inlet vane system is provided for the gas turbine. After developing the mission concept, and showing via a thorough set of energy balances (integrated over various mission profiles), a preliminary sizing of the turbogas set is performed. The results of this first part of the development program show that the concept is indeed feasible, and that it has important advantages over both more traditional (Hybrid Vehicles powered by an Internal Combustion Engine) and novel (All-Electric Vehicle) propulsion systems.

SPORTS AND EVENTS TOURISM: DEFINITION AND POTENTIAL OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE KHARKIV REGION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia Pokolodna ◽  
◽  
Danylo Teslia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Program ◽  
Golf Club ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Event Tourism ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The City

Diversification of tourist demand leads to the isolation of new types of tourism, which have their own resource base and a fairly solvent and constant contingent of consumers. One of such modern types of tourism is sports and event tourism. Having a sufficiently developed resource base for the development of this type of tourism, both Ukraine in general and Kharkiv region in particular do not yet occupy a prominent place in the structure of tourist flows in this area, although they have some achievements in world and European sporting events. Such circumstances require research of the situation and finding solutions for the development of sports and event tourism in the region. The research of the essence of sports and event tourism conducted in the article allowed to separate it from sports and health and sports professional tourism. The author's definition of this type of tourism is given in the article. The analysis of the resource base of sports and event tourism in Kharkiv showed the presence of many different components, including stadiums, swimming pools, ice arenas, golf club, equestrian schools, sports schools and organizations, developed a modern sports logo of the city. It is determined that sports and event tourism is a promising independent powerful direction of development of both domestic and international tourism for the city. For more effective development of this area, it is proposed to develop a strategy, for which three main components are identified, as well as promising areas for improving the tourism development program and consolidating the efforts of interested stakeholders - administration, sports infrastructure owner, tourism enterprises.

FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES AT ROAD TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Shatilo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this article is to define the interpretation of the concept of "mechanism" and its elements, which are interconnected and in interaction contribute to the development of the object. At the same time in modern science it is possible to allocate various directions to consideration of the mechanism. Three directions of the mechanism are analyzed: the first direction considers the mechanism as a control tool that affects the development of the object; the second direction considers the interaction of the subjects and is based on the principles and sequence of certain actions between them; the third approach defines the economic mechanism as a sequence of interconnected economic phenomena. It is determined that enterprises in the process of their activities use a combination of different mechanisms and directions, taking into account their complexity. The author's structuring and definition of its components are offered on the basis of the carried-out researches with allocation of two key contours: 1) a contour of innovative activity taking into account imperatives of strategy of development of the enterprise; 2) the core of the mechanism of development of innovation processes, which forms their close relationship with the contour of innovation, taking into account the imperatives of the development strategy of the enterprise and the variability of consumer values. It is determined that the main purpose of forming the mechanism of strategic development innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is to ensure the efficient use of all resources, tools and systems of interaction between departments, where the main elements of the mechanism of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises can be considered methods and tools for implementing their innovative development program. The principles of effective functioning of the mechanism are formulated strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises. The structural and logical construction of strategic development of innovative processes of motor transport enterprises is offered taking into account the formulated principles and functions of management.

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