Research and Development of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Takehara ◽  
I. Inobe ◽  
T. Tatsumi ◽  
Y. Ichikawa ◽  
H. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Components

The ongoing Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) project, as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), aims to achieve higher efficiency, lower pollutant emission, and multifuel capability for small to medium sized gas turbine engines to be used in cogeneration systems. The final target of this project is to achieve a thermal efficiency over 42 percent at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C. Under this project, Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) is developing the CGT302 (a regenerative twin-spool CGT). The CGT302 has several unique features: simple-shaped ceramic components, KHI’s original binding system for turbine nozzle segments, stress-free structure using ceramic springs and rings, etc. In addition to these features, a high turbine tip speed and a metal plate fin recuperator were adopted. At the end of the fiscal year 1994, an intermediate appraisal was carried out, and the CGT302 was recognized to have successfully achieved its target. The CGT302 endurance test at the intermediate stage required 20 hours’ operation of the basic ceramic engine. The actual testing accomplished 40 hours at over 1200°C TIT, which included 30 hours of operation without disassembling. The target thermal efficiency of 30 percent at 1200°C has almost been reached, 29.2 percent having been achieved. In 1995 the CGT302 successfully recorded 33.1 percent at 1190°C of TIT with no trouble. We will introduce the current status of R&D of the CGT302 and its unique features in this paper.

Research and Development of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Isao Inobe ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa ◽  
Hirotake Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Components

The ongoing Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) project, as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), aims to achieve higher efficiency, lower pollutant emission, and multi-fuel capability for small to medium sized gas turbine engines to be used in co-generation systems. The final target of this project is to achieve a thermal efficiency over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C. Under this project, Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) is developing the CGT302 (a regenerative twin-spool CGT). The CGT302 has several unique features as follows: simple-shaped ceramic components, KHI’s original binding system for turbine nozzle segments, stress-free structure using ceramic springs and rings, etc. In addition to these features, a high turbine tip speed and a metal plate fin recuperator were adopted. At the end of the fiscal year 1994, an intermediate appraisal was carried out, and the CGT302 was recognized to have successfully achieved its target. The CGT302 endurance test at the intermediate stage required 20 hours’ operation of the basic ceramic engine. The actual testing accomplished 40 hours at over 1200°C TIT, which included 30 hours of operation without disassembling. The target thermal efficiency of 30% at 1200°C has almost been reached, 29.2% having been achieved. In 1995 the CGT302 recorded successfully 33.1% at 1190°C of TIT with no trouble. We will introduce the current status of R&D of the CGT302 and its unique features in this paper.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Takashi Nakashima ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy

In Japan, from the point of view of energy saving and environmental protection, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program started in 1988 and is still continuing as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITT). The final target of the program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and to keep NOx emissions below present national regulations. Under contract to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been developing the CGT302 with Kyocera Corporation and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. By the end of the fiscal year 1996, the CGT302 achieved 37.0% thermal efficiency at 1280°C of TIT. In 1997, TIT reached 1350°C and a durability operation for 20 hours at 1350°C was conducted successfully. Also fairly low NOx was proved at 1300°C of TIT. In January 1998, the CGT302 has achieved 37.4% thermal efficiency at 1250°C TIT. In this paper, we will describe our approaches to the target performance of the CGT302 and current status.

scholarly journals Development of 300 kW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozi Nishio ◽  
Junzo Fujioka ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Isashi Takehara
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Iso Standard ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ceramic Components

With the aim of achieving higher efficiency, lower pollutant emissions, and multi-fuel capability for small to medium-sized gas turbine engines for use in co-generation systems, a ceramic gas turbine (CGT) research and development program is being promoted by the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) as a part of its “New Sunshine Project”. Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) is participating in this program and developing a regenerative two-shaft CGT (CGT302). In 1993, KHI conducted the first test run of an engine with full ceramic components. At present, the CGT302 achieves 28.8% thermal efficiency at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1117°C under ISO standard conditions and an actual TIT of 1250°C has been confirmed at the rated speed of the basic CGT. This paper consists of the current state of development of the CGT302 and how ceramic components are applied.

Summary of CGT302 Ceramic Gas Turbine Research and Development Program

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Ceramic Components

The Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) research and development program (FY1988–1998) as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March 1999. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KM) participated in this research program from the beginning and developed a twin-shaft CGT with a recuperator, designated as the “CGT302”. The purposes of this program were: 1) to achieve both a high efficiency and low pollutant emissions level using ceramic components, 2) to prove a multi-fuel capability to be used in co-generation systems, and 3) to demonstrate long-term operation. The targets of this program were: i) to achieve a thermal efficiency of over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, ii) to keep its emissions within the regulated value by the law, and iii) to demonstrate continuous operation for more than a thousand hours at 1200°C TIT. The CGT302 has successfully attained its targets. In March 1999 the CGT302 recorded 42.1% thermal efficiency, and 31.7 ppm NOx emissions (O2 = 16%) at 1350°C TIT. At this time it had also accumulated over two thousand hours operation at 1200°C. In this paper, we summarize the development of the CGT302.

scholarly journals Current Status of CGT302 (Progressing to Final Phase)

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Takashi Nakashima ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Hirotake Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Air Valve

In Japan, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program was begun in 1988 as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). The final target of this program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C turbine inlet temperature (TIT). Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been taking part in this program developing the CGT302 (a regenerative two-shaft CGT) with Kyocera Corporation (KC) and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. (SPP). Now the final phase of the Pilot CGT is underway. By the end of the fiscal year 1995, the CGT302 achieved 33.1% thermal efficiency at 1200°C TIT, and remarkably low NOx emissions using a premixed lean combustor equipped with a variable air valve. By January 1997, thermal efficiency was increased to 37.0% at 1282°C and fairly low NOx was recorded at 1250°C. The engine rotational speeds were reduced to avoid foreign object damage (FOD). Accordingly, the compressor, gas generator turbine (GGT), and power turbine (PT) blade airfoils were redesigned. Engine tests have been ongoing to accumulate total engine operating time and thereby confirm measured performance, access durability, and identify needed areas of improvement.

Summary of CGT302 Ceramic Gas Turbine Research and Development Program

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Takehara ◽  
T. Tatsumi ◽  
Y. Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Ceramic Components

The Japanese ceramic gas turbine (CGT) research and development program (FY1988-1998) as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March 1999. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) participated in this research program from the beginning and developed a twin-shaft CGT with a recuperator, designated as the “CGT302.” The purposes of this program were (1) to achieve both a high efficiency and low pollutant emissions level using ceramic components, (2) to prove a multifuel capability to be used in cogeneration systems, and (3) to demonstrate long-term operation. The targets of this program were (i) to achieve a thermal efficiency of over 42 percent at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, (ii) to keep its emissions within the regulated value by the law, and (iii) to demonstrate continuous operation for more than a thousand hours at 1200°C TIT. The CGT302 has successfully attained its targets. In March 1999 the CGT302 recorded 42.1 percent thermal efficiency, and 31.7 ppm NOx emissions (O2=16 percent) at 1350°C TIT. At this time it had also accumulated over 2000 hours operation at 1200°C. In this paper, we summarize the development of the CGT302.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Gas Turbine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takero Fukudome ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Wataru Karasawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Nitride Material ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), has been ongoing since July of 1999 in Japan. Targets of this project are improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components are used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature, such as combustor liners, transition ducts, and first stage turbine nozzles. Development of the gas turbine is conducted by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), to achieve the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) of 1250°C, thermal efficiency of 34%, NOx emission less than standard regulation values, and 4,000 h engine durability. Kyocera is in charge of the development and evaluation of the ceramic components. Recently, recession of the Si based ceramic materials under the combustion gas is the focus of attention to improve the reliability of ceramic components for gas turbine. For the HGT project, the silicon nitride material (SN282 : silicon nitride material produced by Kyocera Corporation) is used for the components subjected to high temperature. The SN282 was evaluated under the combustion gas, and clear recession was observed. Our technology of the Environmental Barrier Coating (EBC) is under development to obtain reliable heat resistive SN282 components, against the recession by combustion gas. Reliability of the SN282 with EBC has been evaluated by exposure and hydrothermal corrosion test. Ceramic components made of SN282 with EBC will be also evaluated by a proof engine test of 4,000 h, which starts in the spring of 2002.

Development of Ceramic Components for Ceramic Gas Turbine Engine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Yoshida ◽  
Koichi Tanaka ◽  
Toshifumi Kubo ◽  
Hirofumi Terazono ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Ceramic Components

The 300kW Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development Project is going on as a part of New Sunshine project under the contract of Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). The objective of this project is to achieve higher efficiency and lower pollutant emissions for small sized gas turbine engines used in co-generation systems. Under this project, Kyocera has been developing various ceramic components for the CGT302 engine designed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI). This engine has set a thermal efficiency of over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C as a final target. For such operations, we have developed the new silicon nitride materials, SN281 and SN282, which have excellent stress rupture strength and superior oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures up to 1500°C. We have also developed improved fabrication technologies for the use of SN281 and SN282 as engine components. In 1997 fiscal year, all ceramic components for the CGT302 were successfully fabricated by using these new materials. Especially, the large sized monolithic power turbine (PT) rotor, which has a 192mm outer diameter, was manufactured by SN282, and exhibited fracture rotating speeds greater than 120% of the design rotating speed in cold spin tests. This paper discusses the mechanical properties of these new materials and the results of ceramic components evaluated under engine test conditions.

scholarly journals Current Status of Industrial and Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Nagamatsu ◽  
Kazuyuki Mizuhara ◽  
Yukio Matsuda ◽  
Akio Iwanaga ◽  
Shoji Ishiwata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Engine Components

The current status of Japan’s national Ceramic Gas Turbines (CGTs) projects is overviewed. The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) is conducting two national R&D projects on CGT. These include a project on 300kW industrial CGTs for co-generation and mobile power generation use and a project on 100kW CGT for automotive use. The 300kW project was started in 1988, and is scheduled to develop three kinds of CGTs over nine years. The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor, and three groups of private industries are sub contractors. Three national research institutes are involved in the project to conduct supportive research of ceramic materials and engine components. The 100kW project has started in 1990, and is scheduled to develop a single shaft automotive CGT over seven years. Petroleum Energy Center (PEC) and JARI are the main contractors with the cooperation of several petroleum and automotive companies. The goals for the two projects are 42% and higher for thermal efficiency at a turbine inlet temperature of 1350C. Such targets could not be achieved without applying high temperature ceramics to the engine components. Therefore many R&D objectives are directed towards developing the ceramic components which have a higher flexure strength and fracture toughness. Currently, 300kW base metal gas turbine engines are being developed to prove the design concepts. Blade shapes suitable to ceramics are being studied by the FEM method. Forming and manufacturing large components are also being studied, and some ceramics components have been successfully made.

Current Status of 300kW Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Honjo ◽  
Ryosaku Hashimoto ◽  
Hisao Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Basic Metal ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Conditions

This paper gives an overview of the current status of Japan’s national industrial ceramic gas turbine (CGT) project. The goals are 42% and higher thermal efficiency at the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, and the emission from the exhaust gas should meet the regulatory values (for example, 70ppm for NOx). Also, ceramic material properties have the goals of 400 MPa for the minimum guaranteed strength at 1500°C, and 15 MPa m for the fracture toughness. Currently, the basic metal gas turbine of TIT 900°C with all metallic components has already been fabricated and is running under some test conditions. The design of the basic ceramic gas turbine of TIT 1200°C has been completed and its manufacture is in progress. Research is addressing the production of large, complicated ceramic parts, and parts which have less deformation and defects can now be produced.

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