Applications of D-H Notation in Machining and On-Line Measurement of Roller-Gear Cams on 5-Axis Machine Tools

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Psang Dain Lin ◽  
Ming Far Lee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
Touch Trigger Probe ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nc Data

A kinematic model is presented to aid in the design of cam-profiles and determine the NC data equations using Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) notation to produce and to measure the dimension accuracy of roller-gear cams on 5-axis machine tools. First, cam profiles are determined based on the conjugate surface theory. Then, D-H notation is employed in the derivation of machine tool ability functions and in the generation of the desired cutter/measuring-probe location matrices. The desired NC data equations are obtained by solving the link variables of the machine tool by equating the machine tool ability function with the tool location matrices. The resultant cutting speed and material-removal rate during machining are also investigated. To verify the validity of this methodology, a designed roller-gear cam was machined and its surfaces were measured through the on-line measurement system equipped with a touch-trigger probe on a 5-axis machine tool. This methodology combines the cam design, machining, and measurement techniques, thus making the production process more flexible, automatic, and controllable.

A New Method for On-line Measurement of the Straightness Error of Machine Tools Using an Acceleration Sensor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Liu ◽  
Yiming Cui ◽  
Zhisong Liu ◽  
Jiakun Wu ◽  
Yongqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Geometric Error ◽  
Ar Model ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Straightness Error ◽  
Zero Phase

Abstract In order to improve the poor efficiency in the measurement of the geometric error of machine tools’ linear axes, this paper has presented a method to measure and restructure the geometric error of linear axes that is based on accelerometers. This method takes advantage of the phenomenon that when acceleration is measured under different measuring speeds, different frequencies and amplitudes are produced. The measurement data of the high signal-to-noise ratio for various velocities was fused together and the straightness error of the measured axis was obtained by integrating the acceleration twice. In order to remove the trend terms error in the integration, a zero phase IIR Butterworth filter was designed, which guarantees the signal’s phase invariance after filtering. The data was continued with the AR model to eliminate the endpoints’ effect in the filtering. The proposed method was verified by numerical values and experiments. The results showed that the proposed method has better robustness, a wider bandwidth and a higher efficiency than the methods of measuring by laser interferometer. It is also able to measure the geometric error of linear axes with an accuracy that reaches the micron scale.

On a Methodology for Establishing the Machine Tool System Requirements for High-Speed/High-Throughput Machining

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Komanduri ◽  
J. McGee ◽  
R. A. Thompson ◽  
J. P. Covy ◽  
F. J. Truncale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
System Requirements

This paper presents a methodology for determining the machine tool system requirements for high-speed machining (HSM)/high-throughput machining (HTM). Both technological and economic factors should be considered in the formulation of the model for determining machine tool system requirements. The HSM function model is given here in the form of ICAM-defined (IDEFo) charts with corresponding text. For machining most aluminum alloys, the maximum cutting speed is not limited by tool life, and the technology for high-speed machine tools (spindles, table drives, controls, chip management, and other features) exists today. Therefore, HSM of aluminum alloys can be implemented. Selection of a suitable HSM system involves detailed technological analysis and economic justification for a given part-family production configuration. The recent introduction of Si3N4 based tool materials has enabled significantly higher cutting speeds (up to 1524 mpm or 5000 sfpm) in the machining of gray cast iron. However, the machine tools using this type of tool material should be more rigid and capable of higher power, higher speed, and faster feed in order to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing costs. In the machining of the difficult-to-machine materials (e.g., superalloys), the cutting speed is still limited by tool wear. Nevertheless, a high-throughput machining (HTM) strategy is pertinent for this application.

Error Calibration for Five-Axis Machine Tools by On-the-Machine Measurement Using a Touch-Trigger Probe

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Ibaraki ◽  
◽  
Yusuke Ota
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Test Piece ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Experimental Demonstration ◽  
Arbitrary Geometry ◽  
Rotary Axes ◽  
Ball Bar ◽  
Touch Trigger Probe ◽  
Error Calibration ◽  
Five Axis

This paper presents a scheme to calibrate the error map of the rotary axes of a five-axis machine tool. This is done by means of on-the-machine measurement of a test piece using a contact-type touch-trigger probe. The present probing-based approach is more suitable for efficient and automated “self-calibration,” than conventional calibration schemes, such as ball bar tests or R-test. It is thus advantageous in the application to periodic checking of the error map, or periodic updating of its numerical compensation. In the present approach, a test piece of arbitrary geometry, e.g. a raw unmachined workpiece, can be used as the probing target. An experimental demonstration is presented.

scholarly journals Measurement Accuracy Investigation of Touch Trigger Probe with Five-Axis Machine Tools

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
J.R.R. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Surface Wetness ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Touch Trigger Probe ◽  
Compact Design ◽  
Five Axis

Abstract The touch trigger probe plays an important role in modern metrology because of its robust and compact design with crash protection, long life and excellent repeatability. Aside from coordinate measuring machines (CMM), touch trigger probes are used for workpiece location on a machine tool and for the accuracy assessment of the machine tools. As a result, the accuracy of the measurement is a matter of interest to the users. The touch trigger probe itself as well as the measuring surface, the machine tool, measuring environment etc. contribute to measurement inaccuracies. The paper presents the effect of surface irregularities, surface wetness due to cutting fluid and probing direction on probing accuracy on a machine tool.

Calibration and Optimization for Spindle-Tilting Type Five-Axis Machine Tools with Inclinable Head AB Based on Compensation of Rotation Axis Direction Error

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Hu Lin ◽  
Liao Mo Zheng ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Lei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Rotation Axis ◽  
Position Vector ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Direction Error ◽  
Rotation Center ◽  
Rtcp Function ◽  
On Line ◽  
Five Axis

To solve the five-axis machining accuracy problems that caused by assembly precision and direction error of rotary axes of inclinable head in high precision five axis machine tool. By selecting the five axis machine tool with inclinable head AB, GMC1230u, as the research object and analyzing the causes of the inclinable head error, the kinematics relationship of the rotation center position error and axis tilt error is established. By that, the direction vectors of each rotation axis and the position vector of rotation center are calculated based on the regression analysis of on-line measurement of the tool center point position and the calibration of five-axis RTCP function parameters is also accomplished. Finally, the compensation for inclinable head error in five-axis machine tools is fulfilled efficiently and remarkable improvement of RTCP machining accuracy is achieved.

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