Mechanisms of Metal Removal by Impacting Dust Particles

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Smeltzer ◽  
M. E. Gulden ◽  
W. A. Compton
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
True Temperature ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Experimental Phase ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms

This is a two-part paper, which stresses the materials science approach to understanding dust erosion mechanisms. The first part is an experimental phase, studying the effects upon solid-particle erosion, of such material and environmental variables as target alloy composition and heat-treat condition; dust particle velocity, size, concentration, velocity, and kinetic energy; carrier-gas true temperature and impingement angle. All test variables and their limits were chosen to simulate the range of engineering conditions and erosive environments encountered in helicopter turbine service. Actual erosion data are compared with erosion levels predicted by existing theories on particulate erosion. The second part is a diagnostic phase, programmed to detect and study visible phenomena associated with the erosion processes, using high-magnification electron microscopy. Phenomenological evidence obtained from the erosion surfaces and erosion products are used to define probable physical models of the erosion mechanisms.

Development of Novel Filter Materials for the Treatment of First-Flush Rainwater

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Ree Ho Kim ◽  
Hana Kim ◽  
Jung Hun Lee ◽  
Sang Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Filter Materials

First-flush rainwater is of great interest in the research on urban environmental protection and rainwater harvesting. It deteriorates the chemical, physical, and microbiological quality of the collected/stored water as well as the water body in an urban area. Accordingly, effective and economic treatment of first-flush rainwater is highly required. This study aimed to develop a technology for the treatment of first-flush rainwater using new filters made of wood fiber mat, dental cotton, and feldspar. The removal of pollutants in first-flush rainwater with each filter material was evaluated. Experiments were carried out using an artificial rainwater solution made of road dust particles (less than 200 um small) and D.I. water that contained ionic species. The SS concentration of the solution was set between 30 and 150 mg/L. Prior to the experiments, the fiber materials were pretreated with NaOH, FeCl3, and Al2O3. The batch test results indicated that the phosphate removal efficiency of the wood fiber mat was 8.6%; of the dental cotton, 34.7%; and of the feldspar, 1.7%. On the other hand, the heavy metal removal efficiency of the wood fiber mat was 91%; of the dental cotton, 26%; and of the feldspar, 0%. The highest cation exchange capacity of the wood fiber mat that was pretreated with NaOH was attributed to the existence of carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups in the wooden polymers. Combinations of filter materials were found to have been effective in removing particles in the rainwater. The combination of the wood fiber mat with polyethylene beads resulted in 97-98% particle removal. Other combinations such as DP (dental cotton and polyethylene beads), MF (wood fiber mat and feldspar), and DF (dental cotton and feldspar) showed particle removal rates of 90-95%, 84-96%, and 87-94%, respectively. After 30 minutes, all the combinations had a particle removal rate of over 90%.

scholarly journals Development of linear erosion forms under the influence of technogenic conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
O. A. Mazaeva ◽  
V. A. Khak
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Shore Zone ◽  
Storage Reservoir ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms

The activation of linear erosion forms in the south of the Irkutsk amphitheatre was stimulated by the construction and exploitation of the Bratsk water-storage reservoir in mid-XX century. In the paper, the characteristics and interaction of natural and technogenic factors influencing the erosion process are described. The construction of reservoir gave rise to new erosion mechanisms such as karst-erosion, aeolianerosion and abrasion-erosion, which did not occur under the natural (undisturbed) conditions. The large-scale topographic maps were used for evaluation of the spatial distribution of erosion in the shore zone; the active erosion processes were observed in 16 areas of the Bratsk reservoir's shore zone; the overall erosionaffected area of the Bratsk reservoir's shore is 332.9 thousand m2.

Response of CVD Boron Carbide to Repetitive Indentation Cycles to Simulate Solid Particle Impact Erosion Mechanisms

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bose ◽  
R. J. K. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Particle Impact ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Contact Loads ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Impact Erosion

Repetitive nanoindentation tests offer a method to examine the time-dependent degradation mechanisms in coatings. In the case of coated systems for tribological and more specifically for erosion resistant applications, repeated indentation cycles can characterise their durability to repeated erodent impact. This paper reports preliminary observations on the response of 13–18 μm thick CVD boron carbide on tungsten carbide substrates to repetitive indentation cycles, at contact loads similar to those generated in previously reported solid-particle erosion tests on these coatings conducted by this laboratory [1].

Polymer-Supported Membranes: Physical Models of Cell Surfaces

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motomu Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Supported Membranes ◽  
Supported Membrane ◽  
Polymer Supports ◽  
Thin Polymer ◽  
Solid Substrates ◽  
Polymer Supported ◽  
Soft Biological Materials

The functional modification of solid surfaces with plasma membrane models has been drawing increasing attention as a straightforward strategy to bridge soft biological materials and hard inorganic materials. Planar model membranes can be deposited either directly on solid substrates (solid-supported membranes), or on ultrathin polymer supports (polymer-supported membranes) that mimic the generic role of the extracellular matrix and the cell surface. The first part of this review provides an overview of advances in the fabrication of polymer-supported membranes. The middle section describes how such thin polymer interlayers can physically modulate the membrane–substrate contact. The last section introduces several methods to localize membranes and membrane proteins. Finally, some ideas are presented on combining supported membrane concepts with semiconductor technology toward applications in materials science.

scholarly journals Laser Surface Melting of Thermally Sprayed Coatings and Effects on the Erosion Behaviors of Coatings

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Shu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Thermally Sprayed Coatings ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Thermally Sprayed ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

In this work the effects of laser melting on the microstructure and the solid particle erosion behavior of flame sprayed Ni-Cr-B- and Fe-Cr-B-alloy coatings, plasma sprayed chromium carbide (Ni-Cr) and (WC-Co) (Ni-Cr) alloy coatings have been studied. The results have shown that laser melting has modified the microstructure of sprayed coatings, eliminated the porosity of sprayed coatings and increased the erosion resistance of the coatings. The erosion mechanisms of these coatings have been investigated.

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