An Empirical Study of the Relation of Chemical Properties to Ash Fusion Temperatures

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Winegartner ◽  
B. T. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Ash Fusion Temperature

Regression analysis is used to develop equations for calculating fusion temperatures of coal ash from chemical composition, based on 1250 analyses of ash from both eastern and western coal. Standard errors for the equations are generally less than 50°F (27°C), which is the analytical tolerance of the ash fusion temperature measurements. Equations are given for eastern, western, and combined eastern and western coals. These equations: (1) provide a technique for calculating ash fusion temperatures from the chemical composition of the ash; (2) provide a method for calculating the ash fusion properties of coal blends; and (3) provide an improved understanding of the effect, significance, and interactions of ash elements with respect to the thermal properties of coal ash.

A Thermodynamically Based Model for Ash Fusion Temperature

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Rhinehart ◽  
A. A. Attar
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Ash Composition ◽  
Parameter Correlation ◽  
Ash Fusion Temperature ◽  
Wide Range

This paper describes a thermodynamically based correlation between coal ash fusion temperatures and ash composition. A wide range of data from the literature was used to obtain the values of model parameters. A seven-parameter correlation is proposed which permits predicting the ash fusion temperature with a standard error ± 65°C or better.

Effect of High-Efficiency Flux on the Melting Characteristics of Coal Ash

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 3094-3097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Xu Li ◽  
Zi Li Zhang ◽  
Yong Xin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Ash Fusion Temperature ◽  
Melting Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Ash Melting

High-efficiency flux was developed to lower the ash fusion temperature of coal LQ and reduce the addition content in coal gasification process. The effect of high-efficiency flux on the coal ash melting temperature and mineral transformation were studied by ash fusion temperature detector and XRD (X-ray diffractometer) respectively in reducing atmosphere. Compared with limestone flux, the high-efficiency flux can decrease the coal ash melting temperature effectively with half addition content. The ash flow temperature (FT) of coal LQ can be lowered to less than 1350°C with the addition of 3% high-efficiency flux ,while limestone flux need to add more than 8% to reach to this temperature. With the high-efficiency flux added, cordierite, anorthite and Mg-Fe-Al oxide were formed at high temperature, which is the main reason to sharply decrease the ash fusion temperature.

Ash Composition Influence on Fusibility of Coal Ash

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 3009-3012
Author(s):  
Na Gao ◽  
Sheng Hua Liu ◽  
Yan Hong Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Basic Oxide ◽  
Ash Composition ◽  
Ash Fusion Temperature

The coal of Zichang was selected as the sample coal, the physical properties of the ash is analyzed with ICP-AES. The ash fusion temperature was researched by adding different basic oxide contents. The results show that the general trend is decrease firstly, and then increase when adding basic oxides. Blended ash fusion temperatures do not change linearly with blending ratios and ash fusion will decrease when adding the contents of CaO, Na2O and MgO, but the effect is different. Na2O is best and CaO is second. Mineral composition and type at addition oxides were determined by XRD analysis. Some combinations of component coals mineral produce eutectic minerals at high temperature;It can explain the reason of oxides decrease the ash fusion. Vitreous minerals are formed to explain increase the fusion temperature.

scholarly journals Effects of Liquid Smoke on the Chemical Composition and Thermal Properties of Sago Fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhlis Muslimin ◽  
Kusno Kamil ◽  
Sofyan Arif Setya Budi ◽  
I. N. G. Wardana
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Specimen ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Fiber Treatment

The chemical composition and thermal properties of sago fiber, as processed via liquid smoke treatment, were analyzed in the current study, which is divided into two steps: fiber treatment and chemical property analysis. In the first stage, groups of sago fiber were immersed in the liquid smoke solution for one, two, three, four, and five hours prior to one-hour of drying, while untreated sago fiber was kept as the control specimen. After immersion, each group of sago fiber specimen was identified through SEM-EDS, which indicated that the effect of liquid smoke treatment resulted from escalated thermal stability as well as activation energy (from 213.4 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 220.6 °C and 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively). Additionally, a statistical approach depicted improved chemical properties of the treated sago fiber and confirmed the applicability of liquid smoke immersion as an appropriate treatment for sago fiber, prior to their application as reinforced composites.

scholarly journals Modeling and Prediction of Coal Ash Fusion Temperature based on BP Neural Network

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 05010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzhen Miao ◽  
Qingyin Jiang ◽  
Hua Zhou ◽  
Jia Shi ◽  
Zhikai Cao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Fusion Temperature ◽  
Modeling And Prediction ◽  
Ash Fusion Temperature

scholarly journals Thermal Properties of Residual Agroforestry Biomass of Northern Portugal

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Enes ◽  
José Aranha ◽  
Teresa Fonseca ◽  
Domingos Lopes ◽  
Ana Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Soxhlet Method

Biomass from forestry and agricultural sector provides an important contribution to encounter the government’s targets for increasing bioenergy production and utilization. Characterization of agricultural and forest wastes are critical for exploiting and utilizing them for energy purpose. In the present work agricultural and forest wastes and shrubs were sampled in two sites in north Portugal (Ave and Sabor basin) and subjected to Higher Heating Value (HHV) and chemical composition quantification. The HHV was evaluated according to the methodology described in Standard DD CEN/TS14918:2005. For the lignin content, the procedure was made by the Klason method and the extractives content was determined with the Soxhlet method. For agricultural and forest wastes the HHV values are identical with a range of 17 to 21 MJ·kg−1. However, shrubs biomass presentx slightly higher and statistically different values from agricultural and forest wastes, varying between 19 and 21 MJ·kg−1. Forest wastes contain higher levels of holocellulose compared to agricultural wastes and, with respect to extractive contents, this trend is the reverse. There is a general tendency for the woody components present thermo-chemical properties more suited for energy purposes, than the residues formed by the branches and leaves.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document