A New Method in the Design of a Dynamic Pedorthosis for Children With Residual Clubfoot

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rizza ◽  
XueCheng Liu ◽  
John Thometz ◽  
Roger Lyon ◽  
Channing Tassone
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Treatment Trends ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Night Splints

Clubfoot is a common pediatric orthopaedic deformity. Despite the popularity of Ponseti’s method and night splints such as the Denis–Browne method, there is still an 11–47% rate of deformity relapse reported in the literature. The technique to make traditional orthotics is dependent on a nonweight-bearing casting or foot imprint. These splints outdate clinical treatment trends and only apply to patients who are of nonwalking age. This study shows that a new procedure utilizing computer aided design and the finite element method can be employed to develop a customized weight-bearing dynamic orthotic. In addition, the plantar pressure distribution and the trajectory of the center of this pressure distribution are used to design the orthotic. It is shown that the trajectory of the center of pressure, traditionally used in gait analysis, can be used not only to quantify the severity of the foot deformity but to design a custom orthotic as well. Also, the new procedure allows the custom orthotic to be designed and analyzed within a day. The new orthotic design is composed of soft foam interior layers and a polymer supportive exterior layer. It is proved that rapid prototyping technologies employing selective laser sintering can be used to construct these layers to produce a custom orthotic within a 24 h time frame.

The effect of partial weight bearing in a walking boot on plantar pressure distribution and center of pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylee North ◽  
Michael Q. Potter ◽  
Erik N. Kubiak ◽  
Stacy J. Morris Bamberg ◽  
Robert W. Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Partial Weight Bearing ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Partial Weight

scholarly journals The Design and Simulation of a 16-Sensors Plantar Pressure Insole Layout for Different Applications: From Sports to Clinics, a Pilot Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1450
Author(s):  
Alfredo Ciniglio ◽  
Annamaria Guiotto ◽  
Fabiola Spolaor ◽  
Zimi Sawacha
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
Footwear Design

The quantification of plantar pressure distribution is widely done in the diagnosis of lower limbs deformities, gait analysis, footwear design, and sport applications. To date, a number of pressure insole layouts have been proposed, with different configurations according to their applications. The goal of this study is to assess the validity of a 16-sensors (1.5 × 1.5 cm) pressure insole to detect plantar pressure distribution during different tasks in the clinic and sport domains. The data of 39 healthy adults, acquired with a Pedar-X® system (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany) during walking, weight lifting, and drop landing, were used to simulate the insole. The sensors were distributed by considering the location of the peak pressure on all trials: 4 on the hindfoot, 3 on the midfoot, and 9 on the forefoot. The following variables were computed with both systems and compared by estimating the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE): Peak/Mean Pressure, Ground Reaction Force (GRF), Center of Pressure (COP), the distance between COP and the origin, the Contact Area. The lowest (0.61%) and highest (82.4%) RMSE values were detected during gait on the medial-lateral COP and the GRF, respectively. This approach could be used for testing different layouts on various applications prior to production.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheedat M. Mahamood ◽  
Esther T. Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Additively manufactured textiles and parametric modelling by generative algorithms in orthopaedic applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Ricotta ◽  
Robert Ian Campbell ◽  
Tommaso Ingrassia ◽  
Vincenzo Nigrelli
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Flexible Structure ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cad Modelling ◽  
Generative Algorithms ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Design And Production

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to implement a new process aimed at the design and production of orthopaedic devices fully manufacturable by additive manufacturing (AM). In this context, the use of generative algorithms for parametric modelling of additively manufactured textiles (AMTs) also has been investigated, and new modelling solutions have been proposed. Design/methodology/approach A new method for the design of customised elbow orthoses has been implemented. In particular, to better customise the elbow orthosis, a generative algorithm for parametric modelling and creation of a flexible structure, typical of an AMT, has been developed. Findings To test the developed modelling algorithm, a case study based on the design and production of an elbow orthosis made by selective laser sintering was investigated. The obtained results have demonstrated that the implemented algorithm overcomes many drawbacks typical of the traditional computer aided design (CAD) modelling approaches. The parametric CAD model of the orthosis obtained through the new approach is characterised by a flexible structure with no deformations or mismatches and has been effectively used to produce the prototype through AM technologies. Originality/value The obtained results present innovative elements of originality in the CAD modelling sector, which can contribute to solving problems related to modelling for AM in different application fields.

Some (Team) Assembly Required: An Analysis of Collaborative Computer-Aided Design Assembly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Cheng ◽  
Alison Olechowski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Parallel Execution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Single User ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract Previous efforts in the area of collaborative computer-aided design (CAD) suggest that a team of designers working synchronously in a multi-user CAD (MUCAD) environment can produce CAD models faster than a single user. Our research is the among the first to investigate assemblies in MUCAD. Due to the lack of hierarchical feature dependency in assemblies, we propose that CAD teams can optimize assembly through modularization and parallel execution. In our study, 20 participants were tasked with assembling pre-modelled CAD parts of varying complexity in teams of one, two, three or four. We analyze audio recordings, team activity, and survey responses to compare the performance of individuals and virtual collaborative teams during assembly, while working with the same MUCAD platform. This paper features a multimodal approach to analyze team trends in communication, workflow, task allocation and challenges to determine which factors are conducive to the success of a multi-user CAD team and which are detrimental. In our work, the success of a team is measured by its productivity score, which is the number of mates added by a team within a given time frame. We present evidence that teams can complete an assembly in less calendar time than a single user, but single users are more efficient based on person-hours, due to communications and coordination overheads. Surprisingly, paired contributors exhibit an assembly bonus effect. These findings represent a preliminary understanding of collaborative CAD assembly work. Our work supports the claim that collaborative assembly activities have the potential to improve the capabilities of modern product design teams, delivering products faster and at lower cost. We identify areas for future research, and highlight areas of improvement for collaborative CAD platforms and engineering design teams.

Development of Powders for Selective Laser Sintering

2015 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 521-526
Author(s):  
Diana Irinel Băilă ◽  
Cristian Vasile Doicin ◽  
Oana Cătălina Mocioiu
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Medical Instruments ◽  
Aided Design

The selective laser sintering is a technique used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design CAD data. This technique is used to obtain complex pieces in different domains like machine building industry, automotive industry, foundry and medicine. The selective laser sintering process is used to obtain different prototypes, medical instruments or personalized implants in medicine. The powders used to obtain the medical instruments and for implants must to be very resistant to corrosion, non-toxic and present good fatigue resistance. The powders used are in generally, stainless steel, alloy titan TA6V, alloy Co-Cr and different polyamides.

scholarly journals Smart surgical template models for customized knee joint replacements

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Philipp Sembdner ◽  
Bernhard Bust ◽  
Lars Dornheim ◽  
Stefan Holtzhausen ◽  
Ralph Stelzer
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Joint Replacements ◽  
Automated Generation ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Patient Specific Instruments ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Medical Planning

Abstract The paper introduces a method for the automated generation of patient-specific instruments (PSI), here in particular templates, for the implantation of customized implants. The basis is the derivation of data from the morphology of the bony situation and the medical planning. A developed methodological approach based on an Active Shape Model (ASM) is used for the morphological measurement. Determined geometric dimensions are placed on this ASM and automatically adjusted in each case. In addition, specially developed software tools for the planning and design of medical devices will be presented. This includes, among other things, the intuitive control of template parameters by the user when manual adjustments are necessary. The determined data is bundled and applied to previously methodically thought-out and categorized master CAD (Computer Aided Design) models of surgical templates. These master models are fully configurable and designed to be adjusted within defined ranges of values. The templates are printed from the biocompatible material PA12 using selective laser sintering (SLS).

scholarly journals Prototipagem rápida de pilhas a combustível de óxido sólido

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113
Author(s):  
D. Hotza
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Laminated Object Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Tecnologias de Prototipagem Rápida (Rapid Prototyping, RP) permitem a fabricação automática de peças com geometria complicada a partir de dados de Projeto Auxiliado por Computador (Computer Aided Design, CAD). A peça tridimensional é construída por consolidação de pó em camadas (processo "aditivo" ou "generativo"). Por isso, estas técnicas estão freqüentemente chamadas de fabricação de forma livre sólida ou fabricação em camadas. Em geral, uma abordagem de 5 etapas do desenvolvimento de produto é comumente aplicada: criação de um modelo de CAD, conversão do modelo de CAD em formato STL, fatiamento do arquivo STL em camadas de seção transversal, fabricação do produto, e finalmente acabamento superficial do produto. Técnicas de RP têm muitos benefícios sobre métodos tradicionais para geração de modelos, ferramentaria e construção de peças de produção de qualidade. Por exemplo, em contraste com processos "subtrativos" (furação, moagem, desbaste) os métodos "aditivos" de RP permitem a fabricação de produtos com estrutura complexa de poros internos que não podem ser fabricados por outros métodos. Técnicas de RP podem diminuir significativamente o tempo de fabricação de pilhas a combustível de óxido sólido (PaCOS) com pequena despesa de operação e reduzido custo de produto quando aplicadas corretamente. Tecnologias como Sinterização Seletiva a Laser (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS), Manufatura de Objetos Laminados (Laminated Object Manufacturing, LOM) e Impressão 3D (3D Printing, 3DP) podem ser usadas para fabricação de protótipos de pilhas a combustível, em particular na configuração planar.

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