A Method of Generating Spiral Tool Path for Direct Three-Axis Computer Numerical Control Machining of Measured Cloud of Point

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinting Xu ◽  
Longkun Xu ◽  
Yuwen Sun ◽  
Yuan-Shin Lee ◽  
Jibin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Computer Numerical Control ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Archimedean Spiral ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Extraction Region ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Spiral Tool Path

Smooth continuous spiral tool paths are preferable for computer numerical control (CNC) machining due to their good kinematic and dynamic characteristics. This paper presents a new method to generate spiral tool paths for the direct three-axis CNC machining of the measured cloud of point. In the proposed method, inspired by the Archimedean spiral passing through the radial lines in a circle, 3D radial curves on the cloud of point are introduced, and how to construct the radial curves on the complex cloud of point is discussed in detail and then a practical and effective radial curve construction method of integrating boundary extraction, region triangulation, mesh mapping, and point projection is proposed. On the basis of the radial curves, the spiral tool path can be generated nicely by interpolating the radial curves using a spiral curve. Besides, the method of identifying and eliminating the overcuts and undercuts in the spiral tool path resulting from the interpolation error is also presented for good surface quality. Finally, several examples are given to validate the proposed method and to show its potential in practical applications when quality parametric models and mesh models are not available.

Adaptive spiral tool path generation for computer numerical control machining using point cloud

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199007
Author(s):  
Mandeep Dhanda ◽  
Aman Kukreja ◽  
SS Pande
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Numerical Control Machining ◽  
Form Errors ◽  
Spiral Tool Path ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Mesh Grid ◽  
Cloud Of Points ◽  
Cam Software

This paper reports a novel method to generate adaptive spiral tool path for the CNC machining of complex sculptured surface represented in the form of cloud of points without the need for surface fitting. The algorithm initially uses uniform 2 D circular mesh-grid to compute the cutter location (CL) points by applying the tool inverse offset method (IOM). These CL points are refined adaptively till the surface form errors converge below the prescribed tolerance limits in both circumferential and radial directions. They are further refined to eliminate the redundancy in machining and generate optimum region wise tool path to minimize the tool lifts. The NC part programs generated by our algorithm were widely tested for different case studies using the commercial CNC simulator as well as by the actual machining trial. Finally, a comparative study was done between our developed system and the commercial CAM software. The results showed that our system is more efficient and robust in terms of the obtained surface quality, productivity, and memory requirement.

scholarly journals Spiral Tool Path Generation Method on Mesh Surfaces Guided by Radial Curves

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinting Xu ◽  
Yukun Ji ◽  
Yuwen Sun ◽  
Yuan-Shin Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Spiral Tool Path ◽  
Mesh Surface

This paper presents a new spiral smoothing method to generate smooth curved tool paths directly on mesh surfaces. Spiral tool paths are preferable for computer numerical control (CNC) milling, especially for high-speed machining. At present, most spiral tool path generation methods aim mainly for pocketing, and a few methods for machining complex surface also suffer from some inherent problems, such as selection of projecting direction, preprocessing of complex offset contours, easily affected by the mesh or mesh deformation. To address the limitations, a new spiral tool path method is proposed, in which the radial curves play a key role as the guiding curves for spiral tool path generation. The radial curve is defined as one on the mesh surface that connects smoothly one point on the mesh surface and its boundary. To reduce the complexity of constructing the radial curves directly on the mesh surface, the mesh surface is first mapped onto a circular region. In this region, the radial lines, starting from the center, are planned and then mapped inversely onto the mesh surface, thereby forming the desired radial curves. By traversing these radial curves using the proposed linear interpolation method, a polyline spiral is generated, and then, the unfavorable overcuts and undercuts are identified and eliminated by supplementing additional spiral points. Spline-based technique of rounding the corners is also discussed to smooth the polyline spiral, thereby obtaining a smooth continuous spiral tool path. This method is able to not only greatly simplify the construction of radial curves and spiral tool path but also to have the ability of processing and smoothing complex surfaces. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed method.

Spiral Tool Path Generation for CNC Machining Using Cloud of Points

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Dhanda ◽  
Aman Kukreja ◽  
S. S. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Form Errors ◽  
Part Quality ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Spiral Tool Path ◽  
Adaptive Grid Refinement ◽  
Mesh Grid ◽  
Cloud Of Points ◽  
Cam Software

Abstract This paper presents a new method to generate an adaptive spiral tool path for 3-axis CNC machining of the complex freeform surface directly from its representation in the form of the point cloud. The algorithm first constructs the uniform 2D circular mesh-grid to compute the Z (CL) points by applying the tool inverse offset method (IOM). Adaptive grid refinement is carried out iteratively until the surface form errors converge below the prescribed tolerance limits in both circumferential (forward) and radial (step) directions. Adaptive CL points are further refined to minimize the no. of tool lifts and generate an optimum sequence of machining regions. The optimized CL points are post-processed to generate the final CNC part programs in the ISO format. The part programs generated by our algorithm were extensively tested for various case studies using the commercial CNC simulator. The results were compared with those from the commercial CAM software. Our system was found to generate more efficient tool paths in terms of enhanced productivity, part quality, and reduced memory requirement.

Adaptive Tool Path Planning Strategy for 5-Axis CNC Machining of Free Form Surfaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh Mane ◽  
S. S. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Part Quality ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Path Topology ◽  
Free Form Surfaces

Abstract This paper presents a curvature based adaptive iso-parametric strategy for the efficient machining of free form surfaces on 5-axis CNC machine using the flat end mill tool. One iso-parametric boundary of the surface is selected as the initial tool path. Set of cutter contact (CC) points are chosen adaptively on the initial tool path considering desired profile tolerance. Adjacent iso-parametric tool paths are computed adaptively based on the scallop height constraint unlike the traditional iso-parametric approach. The path topology is post-processed to generate the part program for 5-axis CNC machine in ISO format. The system was rigorously tested for various case studies by comparing the results with the traditional 5-axis iso-parametric tool path strategy, iso-scallop strategy and iso-planar strategy of a commercial software. Our system was found to generate efficient tool paths in terms of part quality, productivity and memory storage compared to the conventional strategies.

A New Method for the Generation of Tool Paths for Finishing Near Net Shape Components

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar A. Mendoza López ◽  
Hugo I. Medellín Castillo ◽  
Dirk F. de Lange ◽  
Theo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Approximation Error ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
New Method ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
Finish Cut

The CNC machining has been one of the most recurrent processes used for finishing NNS components. This paper presents a new method for the generation of tool paths for machining 3D NNS models. The proposed approach comprises two machining stages: rough cut and finish cut, and three types of cutting tools: ball-end mill, flat-end mill and fillet-end mill. The proposed tool path generation algorithm is based on: (1) approximation of the model surfaces by points using slice planes and visibility analysis, (2) accessibility analysis of the tool, (3) approximation error and tolerance evaluation, (4) collision analysis of tool and tool holder. The tools paths generated are exported as a CNC program. The implementation was carried out in C++ using the ACIS® geometric modeling kernel to support the required geometric operations. To prove the effectiveness of the system several models with variable geometric complexity were tested. The results have shown that the proposed system is effective and therefore can be used to generate the tool paths required for finishing 3D NNS components.

Synchronous Adjustment of Milling Tool Path Based on the Relative Deviation

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jin Wan ◽  
Cai-Hua Xiong ◽  
Lin Hua
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Source File ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Adjustment Strategy ◽  
Machining System

In machining process, machining accuracy of part mainly depends on the position and orientation of the cutting tool with respect to the workpiece which is influenced by errors of machine tools and cutter-workpiece-fixture system. A systematic modeling method is presented to integrate the two types of error sources into the deviation of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece which determines the accuracy of the machining system. For the purpose of minimizing the machining error, an adjustment strategy of tool path is proposed on the basis of the generation principle of the cutter location source file (CLSF) in modern computer aided manufacturing (CAM) system by means of the prediction deviation, namely, the deviation of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece in computer numerical control (CNC) machining operation. The resulting errors are introduced as adjustment values to adjust the nominal tool path points from cutter location source file from commercial CAM system prior to machining. Finally, this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the prediction model and the adjustment technique by two study cases.

Multi-Axis Spiral Tool Path Generation for Aviation Blade Numerical Control Machining

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 1535-1538
Author(s):  
Yan Cao ◽  
Zhi Jie Wang ◽  
Yu Bai
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Numerical Control Machining ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Spiral Tool Path ◽  
Low Efficiency

Aiming at the low machining accuracy, low efficiency, cumbersome programming process, strong empirism and great programming difficulty of special shape blades, a new NC spiral milling method of high-quality and high-efficiency is put forward to process aviation blades. Three methods of constructing spiral tool path are studied, i.e., constructing the spiral using interpolation in parametric domain, constructing the spiral based on a driving surface and projection technology, and segmentally constructing the spiral by plane intersection. By comparison and analysis, their advantages and disadvantages are presented. According to the characteristics of spiral milling, the principles and algorithms of interference-free cutter location calculation for space free-form curved surface are introduced and the focus is put on cutter contact point calculation algorithms.

Study on the Computer Numerical Control Process of Variable Pitch, Groove Depth and Groove Width Screw

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Han ◽  
Shan Li ◽  
Lu Tao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
Computer Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Groove Width ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Design Techniques

The article introduces three design techniques of variable pitch & groove depth & groove width screw. We found parameterized mathematical model of the type of heterotypic screw by analyzing and computing. Then it can realize to CNC machining of variable pitch & groove depth & groove width screw on lathe.

Tool Path Generation for 5-Axis Rough Cutting Using Haptic Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-815
Author(s):  
Koichi Morishige ◽  
Satoshi Mori ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Haptic Device ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Haptic Devices ◽  
Tool Paths

CAM software is generally used to generate tool paths for 5-axis controlled machining. However, adjusting its several parameters and settings is difficult. We propose a system for tool path generation to be applied to 5-axis controlled machining. The system allows machining movements to be established by manipulating haptic devices in a virtual environment. Therefore, the cutter location for 5-axis machining can be easily controlled by operating a virtual cutting tool. The contact between the cutting tool and the target shape is reflected to the user through the haptic device. The generated path can be converted into a numerical control program for the actual machining of the target object. We detail the implementation of the proposed interface using two haptic devices and a method of tool path generation that improves rough cutting by smoothing the generated cutting points and simplifying the tool postures. The effectiveness of the developed system is confirmed through machining simulations.

New Approaches in Tool Path Optimization of CNC Machining: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khashayar Danesh Narooei ◽  
Rizauddin Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Path Optimization ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Automotive Manufacturing ◽  
Tool Path Optimization ◽  
Automotive Part

Computer numerical control (CNC) machines have been widely used in automotive manufacturing industries especially of machining operation in automotive part such as engine body and cylinder. One of the key features that improve efficiency of CNC machining is through the optimization of tool path. Previous researcher to optimize tool path has premeditated several approaches. This paper aims to provide a critical review of those approaches that have been developed in tool path. The developed tool path approaches covered different types of machining process under various constraints condition. This paper focuses on tool path generation in CNC machining such as milling and cutting process. Based on our finding, this review paper collects information on tool path optimization and recommends future research direction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document