Impact of digitalization on the evolution of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource-extraction region

The article examines domestic and foreign sources that study the impact of digitalization on the evolution of intracorporate institutions. Then the state of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource- extracting region - KhMAO-Yugra is considered. The author’s features of the classification of intracorporate institutions are proposed. Institutional traps of intracorporate institutions are identified and described, both all- Russian: the trap of the authoritarianism of the head and the trap of information asymmetry, and specific to Yugra KhMAD: the trap of bureaucracy, the trap of incentive payments and the trap of low unemployment. The influence of digitalization on the evolution of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource-extraction region is shown, including on overcoming old institutional traps and on the emergence of the new ones: the trap of ease of interaction and the trap of trust in the algorithms. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the pace of digitalization of internal corporate institutions in -Yugra KhMAD, which lags behind the global ones, was especially noted.

Enhancing Fixed Size Palmprint Region of Interest (ROI) Extraction Algorithm for Personal Identification

Identification and verification are the fundamental process in biometrics recognition system. Research indicates that palmprint, as one of the biometric recognitions system is commonly used for human identification. It is because there are many features and information contained inside the palmprint that can be used in the identification process. However, only a small region of the palmprint can be extracted using the existing palmprint region of interest (ROI) extraction algorithms. This has become a problem for identification systems due to negligible and loss of important features which are located outside the ROI. Hence, it is a necessity to improve the palmprint ROI extraction algorithm whereby bigger palmprint ROI can be extracted using this algorithm. Therefore, a larger fixed size extraction algorithm for palmprint ROI is proposed where the extraction region is larger so that more important identification features can be captured inside these ROIs. The performance between proposed and existing extraction algorithms are tested based on two characteristics which are the palmprint ROI extraction area and the comparison of feature creases extracted in a palmprint ROI. The results show that 300x300 fixed size ROI is able to capture 13 out of 14 creases attributes for palmprint identification. This implies that the proposed extraction algorithm shows a promising method of extraction as compared to the existing algorithms.

Scale Invariant Fully Convolutional Network: Detecting Hands Efficiently

Existing hand detection methods usually follow the pipeline of multiple stages with high computation cost, i.e., feature extraction, region proposal, bounding box regression, and additional layers for rotated region detection. In this paper, we propose a new Scale Invariant Fully Convolutional Network (SIFCN) trained in an end-to-end fashion to detect hands efficiently. Specifically, we merge the feature maps from high to low layers in an iterative way, which handles different scales of hands better with less time overhead comparing to concatenating them simply. Moreover, we develop the Complementary Weighted Fusion (CWF) block to make full use of the distinctive features among multiple layers to achieve scale invariance. To deal with rotated hand detection, we present the rotation map to get rid of complex rotation and derotation layers. Besides, we design the multi-scale loss scheme to accelerate the training process significantly by adding supervision to the intermediate layers of the network. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our algorithm shows comparable accuracy and runs a 4.23 times faster speed on the VIVA dataset and achieves better average precision on Oxford hand detection dataset at a speed of 62.5 fps.

A Method of Generating Spiral Tool Path for Direct Three-Axis Computer Numerical Control Machining of Measured Cloud of Point

Smooth continuous spiral tool paths are preferable for computer numerical control (CNC) machining due to their good kinematic and dynamic characteristics. This paper presents a new method to generate spiral tool paths for the direct three-axis CNC machining of the measured cloud of point. In the proposed method, inspired by the Archimedean spiral passing through the radial lines in a circle, 3D radial curves on the cloud of point are introduced, and how to construct the radial curves on the complex cloud of point is discussed in detail and then a practical and effective radial curve construction method of integrating boundary extraction, region triangulation, mesh mapping, and point projection is proposed. On the basis of the radial curves, the spiral tool path can be generated nicely by interpolating the radial curves using a spiral curve. Besides, the method of identifying and eliminating the overcuts and undercuts in the spiral tool path resulting from the interpolation error is also presented for good surface quality. Finally, several examples are given to validate the proposed method and to show its potential in practical applications when quality parametric models and mesh models are not available.

Nitrogen abundance in the X-ray halos of clusters and groups of galaxies

Context. Chemical abundances in the X-ray halos (also known as the intracluster medium, ICM) of clusters and groups of galaxies can be measured via prominent emission line features in their X-ray spectra. Elemental abundances are footprints of time-integrated yields of various stellar populations that have left their specific abundance patterns prior to and during the cluster and group evolution. Aim. We aim to constrain nitrogen abundances in the CHEmical Evolution RGS Sample (CHEERS), which contains 44 nearby groups and clusters of galaxies, to gain a better understanding of their chemical enrichment. Method. We examined the high-resolution spectra of the CHEERS sample and took various systematic effects in the spectral modelling into account. We compared the observed abundance ratios with those in the Galactic stellar populations and also with predictions from stellar yields (low- and intermediate-mass stars, massive stars, and degenerate stars). Results. The nitrogen abundance can only be well constrained (≳3σ) in one cluster of galaxies and seven groups of galaxies. The [O/Fe] – [Fe/H] relation of the ICM is comparable to that for the Galaxy, while the [N/Fe] and [N/O] ratios of the ICM are both higher than in the Galaxy. Future studies on nitrogen radial distributions are required to tell whether the obtained higher [N/Fe] and [N/O] ratios are biased as a result of the small extraction region (r/r500 ≲ 0.05) that we adopt here. Since abundances of odd-Z elements are more sensitive to the initial metallicity of stellar populations, accurate abundance measurements of N, Na, and Al are required to better constrain the chemical enrichment in the X-ray halos of clusters and groups of galaxies.