Combustion Effects of Coal Liquid and Other Synthetic Fuels in Gas Turbine Combustors: Part I — Fuels Used and Subscale Combustion Results

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Singh ◽  
A. Cohn ◽  
P. W. Pillsbury ◽  
G. W. Bauserman ◽  
P. R. Mulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Percent Nitrogen

Combustion tests on over twelve types of coal derived liquid fuels from the EDS, H-coal, SRC-I and SRC-II processes and three shale oil fuels have been conducted in gas turbine type combustors. Emission measurements were made of Nox, smoke, CO, and unburned hydrocarbons. Combustor wall temperature profiles were measured. The results are correlated with the fuel properties-percent nitrogen, hydrogen and aromaticity. This part of the paper discusses the fuels used in subscale combustion tests along with the test results. A companion paper (Part II) describes the results of full-scale combustor tests and a long term corrosion/deposition test.

scholarly journals Combustion Effects of Coal Liquid and Other Synthetic Fuels in Gas Turbine Combustors: Part II — Full Scale Combustor and Corrosion Tests

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Bauserman ◽  
C. J. Spengler ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Percent Nitrogen

Combustion tests on over twelve types of coal derived liquid fuels from the EDS, H-coal, SRC-I and SRC-II processes and three shale oil fuels have been conducted in gas turbine type combustors. Emission measurements wre made of NOx, smoke, CO, and unburned hydrocarbons. Combustor wall temperature profiles were measured. The results are correlated with the fuel properties — percent nitrogen, hydrogen and aromaticity. This paper (Part II) describes the results of full scale combustor testing and of a long-term corrosion/deposition test. A companion paper by Cohn, et al. Part I discusses the fuels used in the program and the subscale combustor test results.

Combustion System Performance and Field Test Results of the MS7001F Gas Turbine

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Claeys ◽  
K. M. Elward ◽  
W. J. Mick ◽  
R. A. Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Field Test ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Nox Control

This paper presents the results of the combustion system test of the MS7001F installed at the Virginia Power Chesterfield station. Tests of water and steam injection for NOx control were performed. Results of emissions, combustor dynamics, and combustor hardware performance are presented. Emissions test results include NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, VOC, and formaldehyde levels. Combustor dynamic activity over a range of diluent injection ratios, and the performance of an actively cooled transition duct are also discussed. Combustion system mechanical performance is described following the first combustion system inspection.

scholarly journals Effect of Using Emulsions of High Nitrogen Containing Fuels and Water in a Gas Turbine Combustor on NOx and Other Emissions

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Singh ◽  
P. R. Mulik ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
High Water ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Base Load ◽  
Test Fuel

A total of four combustion tests studying the response of various water/fuel emulsion rates on NOx emissions have been conducted on: (a) Paraho shale oil, (b) H-Coal© (372–522 K) distillate, (c) No. 2 oil doped with quinoline, (d) H-Coal© (505–616 K) distillate, utilizing a 0.14 m dia gas turbine can-type combustor at base-load conditions. Each test fuel run was proceeded with a base-line fuel run with No. 2 distillate oil. The results indicate that the effectiveness of water injection to reduce NOx decreased rapidly with an increase in the fuel-bound nitrogen (FBN) content of the test fuels. The smoke number, in general, decreased with increased water injection, while carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons increased at high water/fuel flow rates.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Injection for NOx Reduction With Synthetic Liquid Fuels Containing High Fuel-Bound Nitrogen in a Gas Turbine Combustor

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Mulik ◽  
P. P. Singh ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Synthetic Liquid Fuel ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
No Emissions

A total of five combustion tests utilizing water injection for control of NO, emissions have been conducted on three types of coal-derived liquid (CDL) fuels from the H-Coal and SRC II processes along with a shale-derived liquid (SDL) fuel supplied by the Radian Corporation. Actual testing was performed in a 0.14 m diameter gas-turbine-type combustor. For comparative purposes, each run with a synthetic liquid fuel was preceded by a baseline run utilizing No. 2 distillate oil. The effectiveness of water injection was found to decrease as the fuel-bound nitrogen (FBN) content of the synthetic liquids increased.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Concepts for Controlling Exhaust Emissions From Minimally Processed Petroleum and Synthetic Fuels

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Russell ◽  
G. W. Beal ◽  
R. A. Sederquist ◽  
D. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Nasa Lewis Research ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Minimally Processed

The work described in this paper is a part of the Department of Energy/Lewis Research Center Advanced Conversion Technology (ACT) Project. The program is a multiple contract effort with funding provided by the DOE and technical management provided by the NASA-Lewis Research Center. Continued development of combustion technology is needed to provide utility and industrial gas turbine engines capable of sustained, environmentally acceptable operation when using minimally processed and synthetic fuels. This paper describes an exploratory development effort to identify, evaluate and demonstrate techniques for controlling emissions of Nox and smoke from combustors of stationary gas turbine engines. Preliminary results indicate rich primary zone staged combustion provides environmentally acceptable operation with residual and/or synthetic coal derived liquid fuels.

Test Results of Low NOx Catalytic Combustors for Gas Turbines

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ozawa ◽  
J. Hirano ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
M. Saiga ◽  
S. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Catalytic Combustor ◽  
Combustion Tests

Catalytic combustion is an ultralow NOx combustion method, so it is expected that this method will be applied to a gas turbine combustor. However, it is difficult to develop a catalytic combustor because catalytic reliability at high temperature is still insufficient. To overcome this difficulty, we designed a catalytic combustor in which premixed combustion was combined. By this device, it is possible to obtain combustion gas at a combustion temperature of 1300°C while keeping the catalytic temperature below 1000°C. After performing preliminary tests using LPG, we designed two types of combustor for natural gas with a capacity equivalent to one combustor used in a 20 MW class multican-type gas turbine. Combustion tests were conducted at atmospheric pressure using natural gas. As a result, it was confirmed that a combustor in which catalytic combustor segments were arranged alternately with premixing nozzles could achieve low NOx and high combustion efficiency in the range from 1000°C to 1300°C of the combustor exit gas temperature.

Effect of Using Emulsions of High Nitrogen Containing Fuels and Water in a Gas Turbine Combustor on NOx and Other Emissions

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-437
Author(s):  
P. P. Singh ◽  
P. R. Mulik ◽  
A. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
High Water ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustor ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Base Load ◽  
Test Fuel

A total of four combustion tests studying the response of various water/fuel emulsion rates on NOx emissions have been conducted on: (a) Paraho shale oil, (b) H-Coal© (372x–522 K) distillate, (c) No. 2 oil doped with quinoline, (d) H-Coal© (505–616 K) distillate, utilizing a 0.14-m dia gas turbine can-type combustor at base-load conditions. Each test fuel run was proceeded with a base-line fuel run with No. 2 distillate oil. The results indicate that the effectiveness of water injection to reduce NOx decreased rapidly with an increase in the fuel-bound nitrogen (FBN) content of the test fuels. The smoke number, in general, decreased with increased water injection, while carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons increased at high water/fuel flow rates.

scholarly journals Combustion System Performance of a Water Injected MS7001E Gas Turbine Operating at a NOx Emission Level of 25 PPMVD

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Fitts ◽  
Richard A. Symonds ◽  
Edmond R. Western
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
California Water ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

This paper presents the results of emissions testing and combustion system dynamics testing of a “Quiet Combustor” equipped MS7001E gas turbine at the Midway Sunset Cogeneration Company in Fellows, California. Water injection is used to control NOx emissions to 25 ppmvd without selective catalytic reduction. Test results include NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, VOC, and formaldehyde emissions levels, and combustor dynamic pressure levels. Combustion system hardware mechanical performance is described following the initial combustion system inspection.

scholarly journals Combustion System Performance and Field Test Results of the MS7001F Gas Turbine

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Claeys ◽  
Kevin M. Elward ◽  
Warren J. Mick ◽  
Richard A. Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Field Test ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Nox Control

This paper presents the results of the combustion system test of the MS7001F installed at the Virginia Power Chesterfield station. Tests of water and steam injection for NOx control were performed. Results of emissions, combustor dynamics, and combustor hardware performance are presented. Emissions test results include NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, VOC and formaldehyde levels. Combustor dynamic activity over a range of diluent injection ratios, and the performance of an actively cooled transition duct are also discussed. Combustion system mechanical performance is described following the first combustion system inspection.

A Potential Low NOx Emission Combustor for Gas Turbines Using the Concept of Hybrid Combustion

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Mumford ◽  
W. S. Y. Hung ◽  
P. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Viable System ◽  
Low Nox Emission

An experimentally verified NOx emission model has been described previously to predict accurately the NOx emission characteristics of conventional gas turbine combustors as well as laboratory scaled premixed combustor. Experimental data and analyses indicated that a hybrid combustor, which utilizes features of both the conventional and the premixed combustors, has the potential to be a viable low NOx emission combustor. Initial calculations indicated low NOx emission levels for the hybrid combustor. This hybrid combustion concept was tested in the laboratory. The measured NOx emissions from this laboratory-scaled hybrid combustor were in excellent agreement with the analytical predictions. The emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons were also measured. It has been concluded from an analysis of the measured data that a gas turbine combustor, designed with the hybrid combustion concept, has the best potential to be a near-term viable combustor in meeting the EPA proposed gas turbine emission regulations. The experimental effort thus far has focused on the emission characteristics. Other areas of the design, such as the vaporization of liquid fuels, require additional development work prior to the incorporation of this concept into a viable system for an engine application.

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