Improved Pt Aluminide Coatings Using CVD and Novel Platinum Electroplating

Volume 5: Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy; Ceramics; Structures and Dynamics; Controls, Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Education ◽

10.1115/98-gt-391 ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

Bruce Michael Warnes

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Resistance ◽

Computer Control ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Plating Bath ◽

Coating Technology ◽

Diffusion Coatings ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Coating Chamber ◽

Low Activity ◽

Platinum Electroplating

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is an old coating technology, but it was not successfully utilized to aluminize gas turbine hardware until recently (1989). In CVD aluminizing, the use of multiple, independently controlled, low temperature, external, metal halide generators combined with computer control of all process variables gives flexibility and consistent quality that is not possible with any other aluminizing process. It has been shown that harmful coating impurities (such as sulfur and boron etc.) can be transported to a coating from a high temperature aluminum source in the coating chamber during aluminizing. Representative processes include: pack cementation, above the pack, SNECMA, and high activity CVD. In contrast, it has also been demonstrated that CVD low activity aluminizing removes harmful impurities (S, P, B & W etc.) from the coating during deposition. Furthermore, clean, low activity coatings (simple aluminide MDC-210 or platinum modified MDC-150L) have been shown to exhibit superior oxidation resistance compared to similar coatings made by other aluminizing processes. A second significant source of impurities in platinum modified aluminide diffusion coatings is electroplating, that is, plating bath components (S, P, CI, K, Ca etc.) are codeposited with the platinum, and these impurities can have either a beneficial (K&Ca) or a detrimental (S,P&Cl) influence upon the oxidation resistance of the product coating. The results of investigations on the transport of impurities during aluminizing and electroplating, plus the influence of these impurities on oxidation resistance of the product coatings will be presented and discussed.

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Microstructure Investigation of Aluminide Coatings after Platinum Modification Deposited by CVD Method on Inconel 713 LC Ni-Base Superalloy

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.409.883 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 409 ◽

pp. 883-888

Author(s):

M. Yavorska ◽

Jan Sieniawski ◽

Ryszard Filip ◽

Tadeusz Gancarczyk

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coating ◽

Diffusion Treatment ◽

Cvd Method ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Two Phases ◽

Electroplating Process ◽

Low Activity ◽

Platinum Electroplating ◽

Base Superalloy

In the present study, microstructure investigation of aluminide coatings after platinum modification deposited by CVD method on Inconel 713 LC Ni-base superalloys were performed. The platinum coatings 3 and 7 m thick were deposited by electroplating process. The diffusion treatment of platinum electroplating coatings at the temperature 1050 °C was carried out for 2h. The low-activity CVD aluminizing of heat treated coatings at the temperature 1050 °C was conducted for 8 h. On the grounds of the obtained results it was found that microstructure of diffusion treated platinum electroplating coatings 3 m and 7 m thick consisted of two phases: γ-Ni and (Al0.25Pt0.75)Ni3. The low activity CVD aluminizing of diffusion treated platinum electroplating coatings 3 and 7 m thick enables the diffusion coating obtaining. The main constituent of aluminide coatings was (Ni,Pt)Al phase.

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Increase in Oxidation Resistance of MAR M-509 via LA-CVD Aluminizing

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11111306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1306

Author(s):

Wojciech J. Nowak ◽

Bernadeta Hader ◽

Kamil Ochał ◽

Bartek Wierzba

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Resistance ◽

Oxidation Kinetics ◽

Degradation Mechanism ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Optical Emission ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Breakaway Oxidation ◽

Temperature Application ◽

Aluminide Layer ◽

Low Activity

Due to their excellent mechanical properties, Co-based alloys are one of the main candidates to replace Ni-based alloys in high temperature application. Knowledge about oxidation resistance of Co-based alloy MAR M-509 and the extent of its aluminizing on its oxidation resistance is limited. Therefore, in the present study, an aluminide layer was manufactured by low activity chemical vapor deposition (LA-CVD) on MAR M-509. Aluminized and uncoated alloys were investigated in terms of oxidation kinetics and oxidation resistance during isothermal and cyclic oxidation at 1000 and 1100 °C. Material in the as-cast and after exposure was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG) and glow-discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES). Obtained results allowed for elucidating of degradation mechanism including nitridation process of carbides for MAR M-509. It was found that aluminizing of MAR M-509 significantly decreases its oxidation kinetics by the factor of 2.5 and 1.5 at 1000 and 1100 °C respectively. Moreover, the suppression of identified degradation mechanism in case of aluminized alloy was found until occurrence of breakaway oxidation of the aluminide layer. It was also proposed that further increase in oxidation resistance can be successively achieved by an increase in aluminide layer thickness.

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The Influence of Pd and Zr Co-Doping on the Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Aluminide Coatings on the CMSX-4 Nickel Superalloy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14247579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 7579

Author(s):

Jolanta Romanowska ◽

Jerzy Morgiel ◽

Maryana Zagula-Yavorska

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Resistance ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Nickel Superalloy ◽

Aircraft Industry ◽

Co Doping ◽

Cvd Method ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Refractory Elements ◽

Nial Phase ◽

Better Than

Pd + Zr co-doped aluminide coatings were deposited on the CMSX-4 nickel superalloy, widely used in the aircraft industry, in order to investigate their microstructure and improvement of oxidation resistance. Palladium was deposited by the electrochemical method, whereas zirconium and aluminum by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Coatings consist of two zones: the additive and the interdiffusion one. The additive zone contains β–(Ni,Pd)Al phase with some zirconium-rich precipitates close to the coating’s surface, whereas the interdiffusion zone consists of the same β–(Ni,Pd)Al phase with inclusions of refractory elements that diffused from the substrate, so called topologically closed-packed phases. Palladium dissolves in the β–NiAl phase and β–(Ni,Pd)Al phase is being formed. Pd + Zr co-doping improved the oxidation resistance of analysed coatings better than Pd mono-doping. Mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon and the synergistic effect of palladium and zirconium are discussed.

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An Investigation of the Oxidation Resistance of Platinum Aluminide Coatings Produced by Either High or Low Activity Processes

High Temperature Surface Engineering ◽

10.1201/9780367814069-1 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

G. Fisher ◽

P. K. Data ◽

J. S. Burnell-Gray ◽

W. Y. Chan ◽

R. Wing

Keyword(s):

Oxidation Resistance ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Platinum Aluminide ◽

Low Activity

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Reactive element modified chemical vapor deposition low activity platinum aluminide coatings

Surface and Coatings Technology ◽

10.1016/s0257-8972(01)01363-9 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 146-147 ◽

pp. 7-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Bruce Michael Warnes

Keyword(s):

Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽

Vapor Deposition ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Reactive Element ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Platinum Aluminide ◽

Low Activity

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Study of the Role of Small Additions of Zr in the CVD- FBR Aluminization Process

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.289-292.293 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 289-292 ◽

pp. 293-300

Author(s):

L. Sánchez ◽

F.J. Bolívar ◽

M.P. Hierro ◽

F.J. Pérez

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Vapor Deposition ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Iron Aluminide ◽

Martensitic Steels ◽

Aluminide Coatings ◽

Deposition Parameters ◽

Zirconium Powder

In this work, iron aluminide coatings were developed by Chemical Vapor Deposition in Fluidized Bed Reactor (CVD-FBR) on ferritic-martensitic steels. Small additions of zirconium powder were introduced in the fluidized bed; as a consequence, the obtained coatings are thicker than that without zirconium additions. When Zr powders are added in the fluidized bed, the deposition atmosphere drastically changes, leading to increase the deposition rate. Thermodynamic calculations were carried out to simulate the modifications in the CVD atmosphere in the Al/Zr deposition system in comparison to the single aluminization. In order to optimize the conditions of the deposition, parameters such as temperature and concentration of zirconium introduced into the bed were evaluated and compared with the results obtained for the single aluminum deposition.

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