Description Logic for Product Information Models

The languages and logical formalisms developed by information scientists and logicians concentrate on the theory of languages and logical theorem proving. These languages, when used by domain experts to represent their domain of discourse, most often have issues related to the level of expressiveness and need specific extensions. In this paper, we first analyze the requirements for the development of structured knowledge representation models for manufacturing products. We then explore how these requirements can be satisfied through the levels of logical formalisms and expressivity of a structured knowledge representation model. We report our analysis of description logic (DL) and domain-specific rules with respect to the requirements by giving an example of a product ontology developed with ontology web language-description logic (OWL) and augmented with semantic web rule language (SWRL) rules. Clearly, increasing the expressivity of a product ontology also improves that of domain-specific rules, but there exits the usual tradeoff between the expressivity of languages and the complexity of their reasoning tasks. We present a case study of an electromechanical product to validate the analysis and further show how the OWL-DL reasoner together with the rule engine can enable reasoning about the product ontology. We finally discuss the open issues such as capabilities and limitations related to the usage of DL, OWL, and SWRL for product modeling.

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STEP, XML, and UML: Complementary Technologies

Volume 4: 24th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2004-57743 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Joshua Lubell ◽

Russell S. Peak ◽

Vijay Srinivasan ◽

Stephen C. Waterbury

Keyword(s):

Product Information ◽

Unified Modeling Language ◽

Product Lifecycle Management ◽

Product Model ◽

Unified Modeling ◽

Information Models ◽

Business Application ◽

Quality Product ◽

Extensible Markup ◽

Application Developers

One important aspect of product lifecycle management (PLM) is the computer-sensible representation of product information. Over the past fifteen years or so, several languages and technologies have emerged that vary in their emphasis and applicability for such usage. ISO 10303, informally known as the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP), contains the high-quality product information models needed for electronic business solutions based on the Extensible Markup Language (XML). However, traditional STEP-based model information is represented using languages that are unfamiliar to most application developers. This paper discusses efforts underway to make STEP information models available in universal formats familiar to most business application developers: specifically XML and the Unified Modeling Language™ (UML®). We also present a vision and roadmap for future STEP integration with XML and UML to enable enhanced PLM interoperability.

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STEP, XML, and UML: Complementary Technologies1

Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1818683 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 379-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Russell S. Peak ◽

Joshua Lubell ◽

Vijay Srinivasan ◽

Stephen C. Waterbury

Keyword(s):

Geometric Modeling ◽

Product Information ◽

Unified Modeling Language ◽

Technical Information ◽

Product Lifecycle Management ◽

Product Model ◽

Unified Modeling ◽

Information Models ◽

Business Application ◽

Application Developers

One important aspect of product lifecycle management (PLM) is the computer-sensible representation of product information. Over the past 15 years or so, several languages and technologies have emerged that vary in their emphasis and applicability for such usage. ISO 10303, informally known as the Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP), contains the high-quality product information models needed for electronic business solutions. By using STEP, the aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries are saving $150M/yr primarily in areas related to geometric modeling. However, traditional STEP-based model information is represented using languages that are unfamiliar to most application developers, thus impeding widespread usage in other areas. This paper discusses efforts underway to make STEP information models available via mechanisms familiar to more business application developers, specifically XML and the Unified Modeling Language™ (UML®). We also present a vision and roadmap for STEP integration with XML, UML, and other technologies to enable enhanced PLM interoperability. Our conclusion is that STEP, XML, and UML are complementary technologies, where STEP provides significant standardized content models, while XML and UML provide enhanced implementation methods. Together, they are a powerful force to enable pervasive digital representation and sharing of diverse technical information.

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A light-weight integration of automated and interactive theorem proving

Mathematical Structures in Computer Science ◽

10.1017/s0960129514000140 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 129-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

KARIM KANSO ◽

ANTON SETZER

Keyword(s):

Theorem Proving ◽

Interactive Theorem Proving ◽

Theorem Prover ◽

Finite Domain ◽

Infinite Domain ◽

Interactive Proof ◽

Domain Experts ◽

Automated Theorem Prover ◽

Efficient Verification

In this paper, aimed at dependently typed programmers, we present a novel connection between automated and interactive theorem proving paradigms. The novelty is that the connection offers a better trade-off between usability, efficiency and soundness when compared to existing techniques. This technique allows for a powerful interactive proof framework that facilitates efficient verification of finite domain theorems and guided construction of the proof of infinite domain theorems. Such situations typically occur with industrial verification. As a case study, an embedding of SAT and CTL model checking is presented, both of which have been implemented for the dependently typed proof assistant Agda.Finally, an example of a real world railway control system is presented, and shown using our proof framework to be safe with respect to an abstract model of trains not colliding or derailing. We demonstrate how to formulate safety directly and show using interactive theorem proving that signalling principles imply safety. Therefore, a proof by an automated theorem prover that the signalling principles hold for a concrete system implies the overall safety. Therefore, instead of the need for domain experts to validate that the signalling principles imply safety they only need to make sure that the safety is formulated correctly. Therefore, some of the validation is replaced by verification using interactive theorem proving.

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Toying With Engineering: Teaching Engineers to Be Entrepreneurial by Developing a Toy

Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy ◽

10.1177/25151274211029010 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 251512742110290

Author(s):

Smitesh Bakrania

Keyword(s):

Engineering Students ◽

Business Case ◽

Stem Fields ◽

The Past ◽

Middle Schoolers ◽

Assembly Instructions ◽

Design Projects ◽

Product Assembly ◽

Engineering Concept

Most engineering design projects focus primarily on the engineering fundamentals. Studying the business case or manufacturability of a design is often left for other courses, if at all. To address this gap, an existing mechanical engineering course project was modified by embedding the interdependent entrepreneurial dimensions. In the past, junior engineering students developed a reciprocating air engines over two semesters. The modified project extended the engineering fundamentals into an entrepreneurial venture. To accomplish this, students were asked to propose an air engine toy for middle schoolers. The proposed toy had to be assembled, provide a learning opportunity, and demonstrate utility. The students had to ensure the product appealed to those interested in the STEM fields. The students, working in groups, created renders of the final product, assembly instructions, and a guided worksheet for the kids to explore the underlying engineering concept. The groups produced a website with a video pitching their toy concepts. This case study exemplifies how any engineering endeavor can be modified to capture a more holistic simulation of the profession.

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Selecting Optimal Combination of Data Channels for Semantic Segmentation in City Information Modelling (CIM)

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13071367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1367

Author(s):

Yuanzhi Cai ◽

Hong Huang ◽

Kaiyang Wang ◽

Cheng Zhang ◽

Lei Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Semantic Segmentation ◽

Optimal Combination ◽

Reconstruction Technique ◽

Process Data ◽

Redundant Data ◽

Multiple Data ◽

Information Models ◽

Efficient Data

Over the last decade, a 3D reconstruction technique has been developed to present the latest as-is information for various objects and build the city information models. Meanwhile, deep learning based approaches are employed to add semantic information to the models. Studies have proved that the accuracy of the model could be improved by combining multiple data channels (e.g., XYZ, Intensity, D, and RGB). Nevertheless, the redundant data channels in large-scale datasets may cause high computation cost and time during data processing. Few researchers have addressed the question of which combination of channels is optimal in terms of overall accuracy (OA) and mean intersection over union (mIoU). Therefore, a framework is proposed to explore an efficient data fusion approach for semantic segmentation by selecting an optimal combination of data channels. In the framework, a total of 13 channel combinations are investigated to pre-process data and the encoder-to-decoder structure is utilized for network permutations. A case study is carried out to investigate the efficiency of the proposed approach by adopting a city-level benchmark dataset and applying nine networks. It is found that the combination of IRGB channels provide the best OA performance, while IRGBD channels provide the best mIoU performance.

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HFTViz: Visualization for the exploration of high frequency trading data

Information Visualization ◽

10.1177/14738716211064921 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147387162110649

Author(s):

Javad Yaali ◽

Vincent Grégoire ◽

Thomas Hurtut

Keyword(s):

Portfolio Management ◽

High Frequency ◽

High Speed ◽

High Frequency Trading ◽

Domain Experts ◽

Risk Return ◽

Visualization Tools ◽

Liquidity Measures ◽

Trading Volumes

High Frequency Trading (HFT), mainly based on high speed infrastructure, is a significant element of the trading industry. However, trading machines generate enormous quantities of trading messages that are difficult to explore for financial researchers and traders. Visualization tools of financial data usually focus on portfolio management and the analysis of the relationships between risk and return. Beside risk-return relationship, there are other aspects that attract financial researchers like liquidity and moments of flash crashes in the market. HFT researchers can extract these aspects from HFT data since it shows every detail of the market movement. In this paper, we present HFTViz, a visualization tool designed to help financial researchers explore the HFT dataset provided by NASDAQ exchange. HFTViz provides a comprehensive dashboard aimed at facilitate HFT data exploration. HFTViz contains two sections. It first proposes an overview of the market on a specific date. After selecting desired stocks from overview visualization to investigate in detail, HFTViz also provides a detailed view of the trading messages, the trading volumes and the liquidity measures. In a case study gathering five domain experts, we illustrate the usefulness of HFTViz.

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A Computational Product Model for Conceptual Design Using SysML

Volume 2: 29th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2009-87239 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Stefan Wo¨lkl ◽

Kristina Shea

Keyword(s):

Product Development ◽

Conceptual Design ◽

Mechanical Design ◽

System Development ◽

Concept Design ◽

Product Modeling ◽

Product Model ◽

Mechatronic Systems ◽

Starting Point

The importance of the concept development phase in product development is contradictory to the level and amount of current computer-based support for it, especially with regards to mechanical design. Paper-based methods for conceptual design offer a far greater level of maturity and familiarity than current computational methods. Engineers usually work with software designed to address only a single stage of the concept design phase, such as requirements management tools. Integration with software covering other stages, e.g. functional modeling, is generally poor. Using the requirements for concept models outlined in the VDI 2221 guideline for systematic product development as a starting point, the authors propose an integrated product model constructed using the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) that moves beyond geometry to integrate all necessary aspects for conceptual design. These include requirements, functions and function structures, working principles and their structures as well as physical effects. In order to explore the applicability of SysML for mechanical design, a case study on the design of a passenger car’s luggage compartment cover is presented. The case study shows that many different SysML diagram types are suitable for formal modeling in mechanical concept design, though they were originally defined for software and control system development. It is then proposed that the creation and use of libraries defining generic as well as more complicated templates raises efficiency in modeling. The use of diagrams and their semantics for conceptual modeling make SysML a strong candidate for integrated product modeling of mechanical as well as mechatronic systems.

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