Product Architecture Definition and Analysis Using Matrix-Based Multiple-Domain Approaches

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Deubzer ◽  
Udo Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Solution Space ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Multiple Domain

Design Synthesis is most commonly supported by creativity methods based on functional product representations. As the design of a new product is in most cases following a predecessor, designers do not start from scratch. The mentioned circumstances enable the support of design synthesis by application of design rules or grammars. The use of rules by automated algorithms allows for the systematical derivation of variations of a product. Algorithms are meant to enable innovative solutions by recommending a great variety of variants to give the designers new impulses for product design. As a downside, the rules for the algorithms have to be described in advance, and thus are inheriting known components and functional structures. The identification of potentials and constraints for improvement of a product’s architecture requires detailed analysis. New solutions are often depending on novelties on different levels of abstraction (for example system, subsystem or component level). Algorithmic procedures usually are not able to allow for this comprehensive task. Thus, automatized mechanisms can only deliver limited innovative solutions. Common methods for the definition of innovative solutions, such as functional modeling methods, the TRIZ methodology, or the Morphological Matrix require accompanying analysis and the fixation onto one level of detail as well. To solve this dilemma, we propose an approach combining powerful analysis methods, required for the identification of potentials and constraints within product architectures on the one hand and the systematic definition of new solutions by systematic and partially automatized methods on the other hand. Exhaustive literature research has pointed out several methods, whose application can benefit a comprehensive approach. Amongst them is the definition of functional models, design synthesis by automatized system definition as well as the analysis of product architectures by the use of Design Structure Matrix and Multiple-Domain Matrix Approaches. The proposed approach should allow for the support of radical innovations by considering the overall product structure. Goal of the approach is the consideration of different levels of detail and the analysis of a comprehensive solution space compared to the definition of discrete solutions delivered by common methods. As a result, the approach is applied to different products on different levels of detail and the publication points out the potential and outcome: the systematic definition of a comprehensive solution space, new solutions as a result of comparison and evaluation of the solution space, the widening of the solution space, and a comprehensive evaluation of results.

scholarly journals Environmental, economic and socio-institutional context of the sustainability index: Evidence from Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1, Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 355-369
Author(s):  
Maria Annunziata Longo ◽  
Paolo Tenuta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Spatial Decision Support ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sustainable Irrigation ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study is to define a methodology for assessing sustainability at different levels of detail. For the definition of the conditions of sustainability, the approach known as the triple bottom line was used. The study developed concerns the identification of a set of environmental, economic, and socio-institutional indicators and the elaboration of the same in a synthetic analysis index, organized in a hierarchical structure. An index for measuring irrigation sustainability has been built. This index, called the Sustainable Irrigation Index (SII), allows monitoring and assessment of the sustainability of irrigation activities and policies, at various territorial analysis scales, varying from the regional to the agricultural company. We proceeded with the creation of a multi-criteria spatial decision support system (GIS-based). The implementation of the index took place using the GIS IDRISI software. Finally, the index was applied to the concrete case of a Province of the Calabria region

scholarly journals THE RECONSTRUCTION OF A DYNAMIC INVENTORY MODEL TOWARD SHARED HBIM LIBRARIES FOR VAULTED SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Attico ◽  
Anna Turrina
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Model ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Targeted Library ◽  
Different Levels

The complexity and variety of solutions in the domain of cultural heritage are the result of a heterogeneous network of social and historical factors generating them. Each individual architectural object, including not only notorious typologies but little-known construction systems such as brick vaults, are generated by a specific social and physical framework. The richness of vaulted systems stresses the need for an in-depth investigation supported by informative models connected in a single geo-spatial platform. The paper describes a methodological workflow starting from an abacus of vaults, based on different Levels of Detail and Information, to populate a geo-spatial database. Focusing on the acquisition of an open and shared database of historical elements, the definition of a HBIM targeted Library, integrating different types of data in one dynamic model, requires the management of different Levels of Detail and guidelines to establish a correct hierarchy of information. The proposed study can be considered a modern approach to the traditional practice of Répertoires, to set up a methodology that could be applied indifferently and widely, regardless of how the model is built. The diverse vaulted systems of Palazzo Magio Grasselli provide the possibility to build an inventory model as a result of multiple informative models coming from different geographical backgrounds to solve critical issues such as data loss and to enhance knowledge dissemination.

Brief Reports: Use and Recall of Advance Organizers in Mathematics Instruction

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
George W. Bright
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Instruction ◽  
Advance Organizers ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Differential Achievement ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Structural Aspects

The two studies reported here were designed (a) to determine whether the generality and inclusiveness of advance organizers (AOs) demanded by the definition of Ausubel (1963) is the same as the mathematical generality or abstractness of concepts that might be used as AOs and (b) to measure the effects of programmed recall of AOs in enhancing the learning of a mathematics concept. In Study I, two AOs at different levels of abstraction, each in the presence of objectives, constituted the treatments given prior to common mathematics instruction. Such an approach is consistent with the defining characteristics of an AO (Ausubel, 1963, pp. 214–215) and exploits the perhaps critically important structural aspects of the mathematics content. In Study II, programmed recall of an AO during instruction was used to determine differential achievement resulting from several levels of reinforcement of the AO. This treatment was designed to exploit the fact that an AO operates because it provides stable anchorage for the concepts to be learned.

ABCDL: AN ACTOR-BASED CONCURRENT DISTRIBUTED LANGUAGE

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
GIOVANNI ADORNI ◽  
AGOSTINO POGGI
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Distributed Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Distributed Object ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Distributed Behavior ◽  
Distributed Language ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

In this paper, we present a distributed object-oriented language, ABCDL, which has proved to be a suitable tool for the definition and implementation of distributed artificial intelligence systems. ABCDL is based on two different entities: actors and channels. An actor is a computational entity which performs some actions in response to incoming communications. An actor can also display a distributed behavior. In this case, it is composed of a set of other actors (distributed or not) synchronized by channels. A channel is a synchronization entity which sends a message to an (output) actor on the basis of the messages received from a set of (input) actors. The sending of this message does not depend only on the receipt of the input messages, but also on their contents. ABCDL permits the integration between hierarchical and distributed descriptions, allowing the definition of models at different levels of detail and abstraction. The separation between computation (managed by sequential actors) and synchronization (managed by channels) permits the user to obtain descriptions which offer good readability and good reusability of its sub-parts. Examples of the use of the language are discussed through the paper.

Research Note

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Wim Laurier ◽  
Geert Poels
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Data Modeling ◽  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Foundational Ontology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Data ◽  
Different Levels

This research note shows that the scope of conceptual data modeling patterns can be identified, clarified, and explicitly represented by positioning them into an ontology-based framework. A clear and explicit definition of scope could help deciding which patterns match which parts of the domain to be represented. The authors demonstrate their argument by positioning existing conceptual data modeling patterns into a two-dimensional structuring framework that is constructed using two ontology-derived ‘benchmark’ patterns: an enterprise pattern for representing transactions (derived from the REA domain ontology) and an abstraction pattern for representing reality at different levels of abstraction (derived from the UFO foundational ontology). By means of an application scenario dealing with the conceptual design of a transactional enterprise database, the authors illustrate how the framework can be used to evaluate the relevancy and completeness of candidate patterns with respect to the problem at hand.

Development and Evaluation of Fuzzy Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-P. Adlassnig ◽  
G. Kolarz ◽  
H. Leitich
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
American Rheumatism Association ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Specificity Rate

Abstract:In 1987, the American Rheumatism Association issued a set of criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide a uniform definition of RA patients. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic were used to transform this set of criteria into a diagnostic tool that offers diagnoses at different levels of confidence: a definite level, which was consistent with the original criteria definition, as well as several possible and superdefinite levels. Two fuzzy models and a reference model which provided results at a definite level only were applied to 292 clinical cases from a hospital for rheumatic diseases. At the definite level, all models yielded a sensitivity rate of 72.6% and a specificity rate of 87.0%. Sensitivity and specificity rates at the possible levels ranged from 73.3% to 85.6% and from 83.6% to 87.0%. At the superdefinite levels, sensitivity rates ranged from 39.0% to 63.7% and specificity rates from 90.4% to 95.2%. Fuzzy techniques were helpful to add flexibility to preexisting diagnostic criteria in order to obtain diagnoses at the desired level of confidence.

Ways and Voices in the Psychoanalysis of Links According to Enrique Pichon-Rivière

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jaitin
Keyword(s):  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Different Levels

This article covers several stages of the work of Pichon-Rivière. In the 1950s he introduced the hypothesis of "the link as a four way relationship" (of reciprocal love and hate) between the baby and the mother. Clinical work with psychosis and psychosomatic disorders prompted him to examine how mental illness arises; its areas of expression, the degree of symbolisation, and the different fields of clinical observation. From the 1960s onwards, his experience with groups and families led him to explore a second path leading to "the voices of the link"—the voice of the internal family sub-group, and the place of the social and cultural voice where the link develops. This brought him to the definition of the link as a "bi-corporal and tri-personal structure". The author brings together the different levels of the analysis of the link, using as a clinical example the process of a psychoanalytic couple therapy with second generation descendants of a genocide within the limits of the transferential and countertransferential field. Body language (the core of the transgenerational link) and the couple's absences and presence during sessions create a rhythm that gives rise to an illusion, ultimately transforming the intersubjective link between the partners in the couple and with the analyst.

Development of a Simulation-Based Process Chain – Strategy for Different Levels of Detail for the Preprocessing Definitions

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni A. Krol ◽  
Sebastian Westhäuser ◽  
M. F. Zäh ◽  
Johannes Schilp ◽  
G. Groth
Keyword(s):  
Process Chain ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Model-Driven Architectural Framework towards Safe and Secure Nuclear Power Reactors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5136
Author(s):  
Bassem Ouni ◽  
Christophe Aussagues ◽  
Saadia Dhouib ◽  
Chokri Mraidha
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
System Development ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Case System ◽  
Architectural Framework ◽  
Performance Check ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels

Sensor-based digital systems for Instrumentation and Control (I&C) of nuclear reactors are quite complex in terms of architecture and functionalities. A high-level framework is highly required to pre-evaluate the system’s performance, check the consistency between different levels of abstraction and address the concerns of various stakeholders. In this work, we integrate the development process of I&C systems and the involvement of stakeholders within a model-driven methodology. The proposed approach introduces a new architectural framework that defines various concepts, allowing system implementations and encompassing different development phases, all actors, and system concerns. In addition, we define a new I&C Modeling Language (ICML) and a set of methodological rules needed to build different architectural framework views. To illustrate this methodology, we extend the specific use of an open-source system engineering tool, named Eclipse Papyrus, to carry out many automation and verification steps at different levels of abstraction. The architectural framework modeling capabilities will be validated using a realistic use case system for the protection of nuclear reactors. The proposed framework is able to reduce the overall system development cost by improving links between different specification tasks and providing a high abstraction level of system components.

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