Applications of Musculoskeletal Modelling and Simulation for Lower-Limb Prosthesis Design Optimization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Paul Grabke ◽  
Jan Andrysek
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Musculoskeletal Modelling ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models

Lower-limb amputees can suffer from preventable pain and bone disorders attributable to suboptimal prosthesis design. Predictive modelling and simulation of human walking using conventional biomechanical gait models offer an alternative to intuition-based prosthesis design, providing insight into the biomechanics underlying pathological gait. Musculoskeletal models additionally enable understanding of prosthesis contributions to the human musculoskeletal system, and both prosthesis and individual muscle contributions to body support and propulsion during gait. Based on this review, forward dynamic simulation of amputee musculoskeletal models have been used to perform prosthesis design optimization using optimal control and reflex-based control. Musculoskeletal model complexity and assumptions inhibit fully predictive musculoskeletal modelling in its current state, hindering computational prosthesis design optimization. Future recommendations include validating musculoskeletal models and resultant optimized prosthesis designs, developing less computationally-expensive predictive musculoskeletal modelling methods, and developing more efficient patient-specific musculoskeletal model generation methods to enable personalized prosthesis optimization.

Lower Limb Assistive Device Design Optimization Using Musculoskeletal Modeling: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Paul Grabke ◽  
Kei Masani ◽  
Jan Andrysek
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Musculoskeletal Modeling ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models

Abstract Many individuals with lower limb amputations or neuromuscular impairments face mobility challenges attributable to suboptimal assistive device design. Forward dynamic modeling and simulation of human walking using conventional biomechanical gait models offer an alternative to intuition-based assistive device design, providing insight into the biomechanics underlying pathological gait. Musculoskeletal models enable better understanding of prosthesis and/or exoskeleton contributions to the human musculoskeletal system, and device and user contributions to both body support and propulsion during gait. This paper reviews current literature that have used forward dynamic simulation of clinical population musculoskeletal models to perform assistive device design optimization using optimal control, optimal tracking, computed muscle control (CMC) and reflex-based control. Musculoskeletal model complexity and assumptions inhibit forward dynamic musculoskeletal modeling in its current state, hindering computational assistive device design optimization. Future recommendations include validating musculoskeletal models and resultant assistive device designs, developing less computationally expensive forward dynamic musculoskeletal modeling methods, and developing more efficient patient-specific musculoskeletal model generation methods to enable personalized assistive device optimization.

scholarly journals A computational gait model with a below-knee amputation and a semi-active variable-stiffness foot prosthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McGeehan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Limb Loss ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Knee Amputation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models

Introduction: Simulations based on computational musculoskeletal models are powerful tools for evaluating the effects of potential biomechanical interventions, such as implementing a novel prosthesis. However, the utility of simulations to evaluate the effects of varied prosthesis design parameters on gait mechanics has not been fully realized due to lack of a readily-available limb loss-specific gait model and methods for efficiently modeling the energy storage and return dynamics of passive foot prostheses. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a forward simulation-capable gait model with lower limb loss and a semi-active variable-stiffness foot (VSF) prosthesis. Methods: A seven-segment 28-DoF gait model was developed and forward kinematics simulations, in which experimentally-observed joint kinematics were applied and the resulting contact forces under the prosthesis evolved accordingly, were computed for four subjects with unilateral below-knee amputation walking with a VSF. Results: Model-predicted resultant ground reaction force (GRFR) matched well under trial-specific optimized parameter conditions (mean R2: 0.97, RMSE: 7.7% body weight (BW)) and unoptimized (subject-specific, but not trial-specific) parameter conditions (mean R2: 0.93, RMSE: 12% BW). Simulated anterior-posterior center of pressure demonstrated a mean R2 = 0.64 and RMSE = 14% foot length. Simulated kinematics remained consistent with input data (0.23 deg RMSE, R2 > 0.99) for all conditions. Conclusions: These methods may be useful for simulating gait among individuals with lower limb loss and predicting GRFR arising from gait with novel VSF prostheses. Such data are useful to optimize prosthesis design parameters on a user-specific basis.

Musculoskeletal modelling in dogs: challenges and future perspectives

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Jonkers ◽  
Walter Dingemanse ◽  
Benedicte Vanwanseele ◽  
Jos Vander Sloten ◽  
Henri van Bree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Musculoskeletal Modelling ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
Voluntary Contractions ◽  
Modelling Approach

SummaryMusculoskeletal models have proven to be a valuable tool in human orthopaedics research. Recently, veterinary research started taking an interest in the computer modelling approach to understand the forces acting upon the canine musculoskeletal system. While many of the methods employed in human musculoskeletal models can applied to canine musculoskeletal models, not all techniques are applicable. This review summarizes the important parameters necessary for modelling, as well as the techniques employed in human musculoskeletal models and the limitations in transferring techniques to canine modelling research. The major challenges in future canine modelling research are likely to centre around devising alternative techniques for obtaining maximal voluntary contractions, as well as finding scaling factors to adapt a generalized canine musculoskeletal model to represent specific breeds and subjects.

scholarly journals Automatic Generation of Personalised Skeletal Models of the Lower Limb from Three-Dimensional Bone Geometries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Modenese ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Renault
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Subtalar Joint ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Medical Image Segmentation ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models ◽  
Scripting Language

AbstractThe generation of personalised and patient-specific musculoskeletal models is currently a cumbersome and time-consuming task that normally requires several processing hours and trained operators. We believe that this aspect discourages the use of computational models even when appropriate data are available and personalised biomechanical analysis would be beneficial. In this paper we present a computational tool that enables the fully automatic generation of skeletal models of the lower limb from three-dimensional bone geometries, normally obtained by segmentation of medical images. This tool was evaluated against four manually created lower limb models finding remarkable agreement in the computed joint parameters, well within human operator repeatability. The coordinate systems origins were identified with maximum differences between 0.5 mm (hip joint) and 5.9 mm (subtalar joint), while the joint axes presented discrepancies between 1° (knee joint) to 11° (subtalar joint). To prove the robustness of the methodology, the models were built from four datasets including both genders, anatomies ranging from juvenile to elderly and bone geometries reconstructed from high-quality computed tomography as well as lower-quality magnetic resonance imaging scans. The entire workflow, implemented in MATLAB scripting language, executed in seconds and required no operator intervention, creating lower extremity models ready to use for kinematic and kinetic analysis or as baselines for more advanced musculoskeletal modelling approaches, of which we provide some practical examples. We auspicate that this technical advancement, together with upcoming progress in medical image segmentation techniques, will promote the use of personalised models in larger-scale studies than those hitherto undertaken.

scholarly journals A Computational Gait Model with a Below-Knee Amputation and a Semi-Active Variable-Stiffness Foot Prosthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McGeehan ◽  
Peter Adamczyk ◽  
Kieran Nichols ◽  
Michael E. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Limb Loss ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Knee Amputation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models

Abstract Introduction: Simulations based on computational musculoskeletal models are powerful tools for evaluating effects of potential biomechanical interventions, such as implementing a novel prosthesis. However, the utility of simulations to evaluate effects of prosthesis design parameters on gait mechanics has not been fully realized due to lack of a readily-available limb loss-specific gait model and methods for efficiently modeling the energy storage and return dynamics of passive foot prostheses. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a forward simulation-capable gait model with lower limb loss and a semi-active variable-stiffness foot (VSF) prosthesis. Methods: A seven-segment 28-DoF gait model was developed and forward kinematics simulations, in which experimentally-observed joint kinematics were applied and resulting foot contact forces evolved accordingly, were computed for four subjects with unilateral below-knee amputation walking with a VSF. Results: Model-predicted resultant ground reaction force (GRFR) matched well under trial-specific optimized parameter conditions (mean R2: 0.97, RMSE: 7.7% body weight (BW)) and unoptimized (subject-specific, not trial-specific) parameter conditions (mean R2: 0.93, RMSE: 12% BW). Simulated anterior-posterior center of pressure demonstrated mean R2 = 0.64 and RMSE = 14% foot length. Simulated kinematics remained consistent with input data (0.23 deg RMSE, R2 > 0.99) for all conditions. Conclusions: These methods may be useful for simulating gait of individuals with lower limb loss and predicting GRFR with novel VSF prostheses. Such data are useful to optimize user-specific prosthesis design parameters.

scholarly journals The Cat Mandible (II): Manipulation of the Jaw, with a New Prosthesis Proposal, to Avoid Iatrogenic Complications

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Matilde Lombardero ◽  
Mario López-Lombardero ◽  
Diana Alonso-Peñarando ◽  
María del Mar Yllera
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Rigid Fixation ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Iatrogenic Complications ◽  
Mandibular Body

The cat mandible is relatively small, and its manipulation implies the use of fixing methods and different repair techniques according to its small size to keep its biomechanical functionality intact. Attempts to fix dislocations of the temporomandibular joint should be primarily performed by non-invasive techniques (repositioning the bones and immobilisation), although when this is not possible, a surgical method should be used. Regarding mandibular fractures, these are usually concurrent with other traumatic injuries that, if serious, should be treated first. A non-invasive approach should also first be considered to fix mandibular fractures. When this is impractical, internal rigid fixation methods, such as osteosynthesis plates, should be used. However, it should be taken into account that in the cat mandible, dental roots and the mandibular canal structures occupy most of the volume of the mandibular body, a fact that makes it challenging to apply a plate with fixed screw positions without invading dental roots or neurovascular structures. Therefore, we propose a new prosthesis design that will provide acceptable rigid biomechanical stabilisation, but avoid dental root and neurovascular damage, when fixing simple mandibular body fractures. Future trends will include the use of better diagnostic imaging techniques, a patient-specific prosthesis design and the use of more biocompatible materials to minimise the patient’s recovery period and suffering.

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