Numerical Simulation of Viscous Flow-Field in Cascade Using Thin-Layer Equations and AF Method

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumin Xiao ◽  
R. S. Amano
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Factorization Method ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Approximate Factorization ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Transonic Cascade

Abstract In this paper an implicit 3-D solver for computations of a viscous flow has been developed and the computations of the flow between blade passage are presented. This method employs an AF (Approximate Factorization) method in which four techniques are incorporated to speed up convergence to the steady-state solutions: (1) body-fitted H-grid; (2) artificial viscosity; (3) implicit residual smoothing; and (4) local time-stepping. The two-dimensional pseudo-characteristic method was used to determine the inlet and outlet boundary conditions of the computational domain and the periodic boundary conditions were used at inter-boards. The validation cases include subsonic and transonic viscous flows in C3X cascade. Results for these turbine cascade flows are presented and compared with experiments at corresponding conditions. Computed pressure distributions on blade surfaces show good agreement with the published experimental data. This method was further applied to a three-dimensional case and demonstrated the code capability for predicting the secondary flow in a 3-D transonic flow-field. From these computations it was found that the proposed method possesses superior convergence characteristics and can be extended to unsteady flow calculations. Finally, it was observed that the three-dimensional calculation results show that the secondary flow mechanism in a transonic cascade seems to be quit different from those, in a subsonic case.

Time Accurate Euler Simulation of Interaction of Nozzle Wake and Secondary Flow With Rotor Blade in an Axial Turbine Stage Using Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fan ◽  
B. Lakshminarayana
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Rotor Blade ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Turbine Stage ◽  
Axial Turbine ◽  
Unsteady Pressure

The objective of this paper is to investigate the three dimensional unsteady flow interactions in a turbomachine stage. A three-dimensional time accurate Euler code has been developed using an explicit four-stage Runge-Kutta scheme. Three-dimensional unsteady non-reflecting boundary conditions are formulated at the inlet and at the outlet of the computational domain to remove the spurious numerical reflections. The three-dimensional code is first validated for 2-D and 3-D cascades with harmonic vortical inlet distortions. The effectiveness of non reflecting boundary conditions is demonstrated. The unsteady Euler solver is then used to simulate the propagation of nozzle wake and secondary flow through rotor and the resulting unsteady pressure field in an axial turbine stage. The three dimensional and time dependent propagation of nozzle wakes in the rotor blade row and the effects of nozzle secondary flow on the rotor unsteady surface pressure and passage flow field are studied. It was found that the unsteady flow field in the rotor is highly three-dimensional and the nozzle secondary flow has significant contribution to the unsteady pressure on the blade surfaces. Even though the steady flow at the midspan is nearly two-dimensional, the unsteady flow is 3-D and the unsteady pressure distribution can not by predicted by a 2-D analysis.

Effect of slot end faces on the three-dimensional airflow field from the melt-blowing die

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-613
Author(s):  
Yudong Wang ◽  
Jianping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Melt Blowing ◽  
Slot Die ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Airflow Field

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of the slot ends of the melt-blowing die on the three-dimensional airflow field distribution and the fiber draft, the numerical calculation was carried out. The computational domain of the slot die was established with Gambit, and the flow field was calculated using FLUENT. Compared with the experimental data collected by a hot-wire anemometer, the numerical calculation results are credible. The results show that the slot end face has a certain influence on the three-dimensional flow field distribution under the melt-blowing die. The air velocity and temperature in the center region are quite different from those near the slot-end face. As the distance from the center of the flow field increases, the velocity and temperature on the spinning line begin to decrease. The velocity and temperature distributions of the spinning lines in the central area and nearby areas are almost the same; the temperature and velocity values on the spinning lines near the slot end are the lowest. The distribution characteristics of the three-dimensional airflow field could affect the uniformity of the fiber diameter and the meltblowing products.

Time-Accurate Euler Simulation of Interaction of Nozzle Wake and Secondary Flow With Rotor Blade in an Axial Turbine Stage Using Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fan ◽  
B. Lakshminarayana
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Rotor Blade ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Turbine Stage ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Nonreflecting Boundary Conditions

The objective of this paper is to investigate the three-dimensional unsteady flow interactions in a turbomachine stage. A three-dimensional time-accurate Euler code has been developed using an explicit four-stage Runge–Kutta scheme. Three-dimensional unsteady nonreflecting boundary conditions are formulated at the inlet and the outlet of the computational domain to remove the spurious numerical reflections. The three-dimensional code is first validated for two-dimensional and three-dimensional cascades with harmonic vortical inlet distortions. The effectiveness of the nonreflecting boundary conditions is demonstrated. The unsteady Euler solver is then used to simulate the propagation of nozzle wake and secondary flow through the rotor and the resulting unsteady pressure field in an axial turbine stage. The three-dimensional and time-dependent propagation of nozzle wakes in the rotor blade row and the effects of nozzle secondary flow on the rotor unsteady surface pressure and passage flow field are studied. It was found that the unsteady flow field in the rotor is highly three dimensional and the nozzle secondary flow has significant contribution to the unsteady pressure on the blade surfaces. Even though the steady flow at the midspan is nearly two dimensional, the unsteady flow is three dimensional and the unsteady pressure distribution cannot be predicted by a two-dimensional analysis.

scholarly journals Incidence Angle and Pitch-Chord Effects on Secondary Flows Downstream of a Turbine Cascade

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Perdichizzi ◽  
V. Dossena
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Pressure Probe ◽  
Turbine Cascade ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Secondary Velocity ◽  
Secondary Flow Field

This paper describes the results of an experimental investigation of the three-dimensional flow downstream of a linear turbine cascade at off-design conditions. The tests have been carried out for five incidence angles from −60 to +35 degrees, and for three pitch-chord ratios: s/c = 0.58,0.73,0.87. Data include blade pressure distributions, oil flow visualizations, and pressure probe measurements. The secondary flow field has been obtained by traversing a miniature five hole probe in a plane located at 50% of an axial chord downstream of the trailing edge. The distributions of local energy loss coefficients, together with vorticity and secondary velocity plots show in detail how much the secondary flow field is modified both by incidence and cascade solidity variations. The level of secondary vorticity and the intensity of the crossflow at the endwall have been found to be strictly related to the blade loading occurring in the blade entrance region. Heavy changes occur in the spanwise distributions of the pitch averaged loss and of the deviation angle, when incidence or pitch-chord ratio is varied.

Effects of Inlet Distortion on the Flow Field in a Transonic Compressor Rotor

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunill Hah ◽  
Douglas C. Rabe ◽  
Thomas J. Sullivan ◽  
Aspi R. Wadia
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aerodynamic Loss ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Inlet Distortion ◽  
Compressor Rotor

The effects of circumferential distortions in inlet total pressure on the flow field in a low-aspect-ratio, high-speed, high-pressure-ratio, transonic compressor rotor are investigated in this paper. The flow field was studied experimentally and numerically with and without inlet total pressure distortion. Total pressure distortion was created by screens mounted upstream from the rotor inlet. Circumferential distortions of 8 periods per revolution were investigated at two different rotor speeds. The unsteady blade surface pressures were measured with miniature pressure transducers mounted in the blade. The flow fields with and without inlet total pressure distortion were analyzed numerically by solving steady and unsteady forms of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Steady three-dimensional viscous flow calculations were performed for the flow without inlet distortion while unsteady three-dimensional viscous flow calculations were used for the flow with inlet distortion. For the time-accurate calculation, circumferential and radial variations of the inlet total pressure were used as a time-dependent inflow boundary condition. A second-order implicit scheme was used for the time integration. The experimental measurements and the numerical analysis are highly complementary for this study because of the extreme complexity of the flow field. The current investigation shows that inlet flow distortions travel through the rotor blade passage and are convected into the following stator. At a high rotor speed where the flow is transonic, the passage shock was found to oscillate by as much as 20% of the blade chord, and very strong interactions between the unsteady passage shock and the blade boundary layer were observed. This interaction increases the effective blockage of the passage, resulting in an increased aerodynamic loss and a reduced stall margin. The strong interaction between the passage shock and the blade boundary layer increases the peak aerodynamic loss by about one percent.

The Elliptic Solution of the Secondary Flow Problem

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Abdallah ◽  
A. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inviscid Flow ◽  
Elliptic Solution ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Flow Vorticity ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution

This paper presents the elliptic solution of the inviscid incompressible secondary flow in curved passages. The three-dimensional flow field is synthesized between 3 sets of orthogonal nonstream surfaces. The two-dimensional flow field on each set of surfaces is considered to be resulting from a source/sink distribution. The distribution and strength of these sources are dependent on the variation in the flow properties normal to the surfaces. The dependent variables in this formulation are the velocity components, the total pressure, and the main flow vorticity component. The governing equations in terms of these dependent variables are solved on each family of surfaces using the streamlike function formulation. A new mechanism is implemented to exchange information between the solutions on the three family surfaces, resulting into a unique solution. In addition, the boundary conditions for the resulting systems of equations are carefully chosen to insure the existence and uniqueness of the solution. The numerical results obtained for the rotational inviscid flow in a curved duct are discussed and compared with the available experimental data.

Design Optimization of Profiled Endwall With Consideration of Cooling and Rim Seal Flow Effects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Tang ◽  
Shuaiqiang Liu ◽  
Hualing Luo
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
High Pressure Turbine ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Turbine Performance

Profiled endwall is an effective method to improve aerodynamic performance of turbine. This approach has been widely studied in the past decade on many engines. When automatic design optimisation is considered, most of the researches are usually based on the assumption of a simplified simulation model without considering cooling and rim seal flows. However, many researchers find out that some of the benefits achieved by optimization procedure are lost when applying the high-fidelity geometry configuration. Previously, an optimization procedure has been implemented by integrating the in-house geometry manipulator, a commercial three-dimensional CFD flow solver and the optimization driver, IsightTM. This optimization procedure has been executed [12] to design profiled endwalls for a turbine cascade and a one-and-half stage axial turbine. Improvements of the turbine performance have been achieved. As the profiled endwall is applied to a high pressure turbine, the problems of cooling and rim seal flows should be addressed. In this work, the effects of rim seal flow and cooling on the flow field of two-stage high pressure turbine have been presented. Three optimization runs are performed to design the profiled endwall of Rotor-One with different optimization model to consider the effects of rim flow and cooling separately. It is found that the rim seal flow has a significant impact on the flow field. The cooling is able to change the operation condition greatly, but barely affects the secondary flow in the turbine. The influences of the profiled endwalls on the flow field in turbine and cavities have been analyzed in detail. A significant reduction of secondary flows and corresponding increase of performance are achieved when taking account of the rim flows into the optimization. The traditional optimization mechanism of profiled endwall is to reduce the cross passage gradient, which has great influence on the strength of the secondary flow. However, with considering the rim seal flows, the profiled endwall improves the turbine performance mainly by controlling the path of rim seal flow. Then the optimization procedure with consideration of rim seal flow has also been applied to the design of the profiled endwall for Stator Two.

Numerical Simulation of Partial Cavitating Flow of 2-D Hydrofoil in Viscous Flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui He ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Hong Bing Liu ◽  
Zhi Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Cavitating Flow ◽  
Partial Cavitation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Control Equation ◽  
Precise Degree

This paper has studied the partial cavitation of 2-D hydrofoil based on the theory of viscous flow. The numerical calculation sets forth from the complete N-S equation and adopts the two-equation turbulence model closed Reynolds equation. As the basic control equation, the cavitating flow adopts the Rayleigh plesset model and calculates the zero angle of attack. At the same time, it calculates the influences of different ship speeds on the hydrofoil partial cavitating flow and analyzes the flow field of the hydrofoil. In addition, it makes comparisons on the calculation results and the published test conclusions. The results have shown that the calculation method in this paper has relatively good calculation precise degree.

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