Comparing Utility Connected to Stand Alone Micro-Grids: From the Viewpoint of a Utility Engineer

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Hoffman ◽  
Brian Russo
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Electrical Distribution Systems ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Smooth Transitions ◽  
Micro Grids ◽  
Financial Issues ◽  
Broad Overview

This paper presents project examples of grid and grid-isolated micro-grids. It discusses micro-grid drivers; economic, environmental, and financial issues; and tools to plan and design micro-grids. Tools covered include modeling software resource options, generation types, fuel options, and services to provide smooth transitions (including required equipment and software controls), ranging from those of minimal expense to maximum functionality. The need for, and construction of, real-time operational interfaces is also addressed, with a focus on real world complications and guidance regarding implementation of planning design and of a micro-grid. This paper attempts to present a broad overview of micro-grids, including project examples, modeling tools, technology options, and practical and business insights to enable interested parties to quickly come up to speed on micro-grid basics. The included information should give interested parties the tools and resources to move forward on their own projects, assuming these parties have sufficient knowledge and experience with electrical distribution systems.

scholarly journals Butterfly optimizer-assisted optimal integration of REDG units in hybrid AC/DC distribution micro-grids based on minimum operational area

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Injeti
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
System A ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Grids ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis paper presents the impact of optimal location and sizing of renewable and non-renewable-based distributed generators in the AC/DC micro-grid system using the latest optimizer called butterfly optimization algorithm with an aim to minimize power loss. Generally, hybrid AC/DC micro-grids systems are modeled by separating AC and DC feeders with the help of high-power converters (HPC).AC grids sustained by substation and DC grids are maintained by their individual DG units. While planning of DGs in the hybrid AC/DC systems, the power loss incurred by HPCs is not considered avoiding complexity by many authors. In this paper, the sizing of DGs is determined by the operational area required by the type of DG technology as one variable and all possible candidate buses in the respective zones of AC/DC micro-grid system are another variable with due consideration of HPC losses in AC/DC micro-grid system. A hybrid AC/DC MG system is developed by classifying the existing benchmark 33-bus and 69-bus radial distribution systems into various AC/DC zones. To evaluate the proposed approach, it is implemented on aforementioned micro-grid systems and the obtained results are verified with other existing approaches in the literature. The results proved that the proposed approach is better than the other approaches in technical aspects.

A Review of Classical and Modern Control Techniques Utilized in Modern Microgrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamza Shahbaz ◽  
Arslan Ahmed Amin
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Exciting Development ◽  
Micro Grids ◽  
Modern Control

: Because of the consistently expanding energy request, the introduction of a decentralized micro-grid based on energy resources will soon be the most exciting development in the power system. Micro-grids, which are mainly based on inverters, are becoming more popular as they can handle different forms of renewable energy effectively. However, one of the most challenging areas of research is their control. In the last few years, many control strategies have been developed. In this review, different control methods have been discussed that apply to the micro-grid system. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of classical and modern control strategies is also considered. This survey guides the new researchers about all available control strategies and room for improvement towards the optimal solution of the micro-grid control techniques. It also identifies several research gaps and future trends therein as well as provides a solution to manage problems in MGs. The strategies are then compared based on their applicability to different control requirements.

scholarly journals Web-Based Simulation Environment for Vehicular Electrical Networks

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6087
Author(s):  
Xavier Dominguez ◽  
Paola Mantilla-Pérez ◽  
Nuria Gimenez ◽  
Islam El-Sayed ◽  
Manuel Alberto Díaz Díaz Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Electrical Distribution Systems ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Information Interaction

For the validation of vehicular Electrical Distribution Systems (EDS), engineers are currently required to analyze disperse information regarding technical requirements, standards and datasheets. Moreover, an enormous effort takes place to elaborate testing plans that are representative for most EDS possible configurations. These experiments are followed by laborious data analysis. To diminish this workload and the need for physical resources, this work reports a simulation platform that centralizes the tasks for testing different EDS configurations and assists the early detection of inadequacies in the design process. A specific procedure is provided to develop a software tool intended for this aim. Moreover, the described functionalities are exemplified considering as a case study the main wire harness from a commercial vehicle. A web-based architecture has been employed in alignment with the ongoing software development revolution and thus provides flexibility for both, developers and users. Due to its scalability, the proposed software scheme can be extended to other web-based simulation applications. Furthermore, the automatic generation of electrical layouts for EDS is addressed to favor an intuitive understanding of the network. To favor human–information interaction, utilized visual analytics strategies are also discussed. Finally, full simulation workflows are exposed to provide further insights on the deployment of this type of computer platforms.

scholarly journals Micro Grid Operational Issues And Challenges In Smart Grid Scenario While Heterogeneous Micro Level Generations Are Predominant

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 908-917 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Distribution Generation ◽  
Res Integration ◽  
Operational Issues ◽  
Micro Grids

Micro Grid operations are more dependent on and vulnerable to intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) integration along with other emerging trends like Plug in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) and advanced Energy Storage Systems (ESSs). With the advent of Smart Grid technologies, the micro grid operations are becoming more realistic and promising without much delays and inaccuracies in control actions. In this paper, we mainly focused on Micro Grid Energy Management System (EMS), synchronization, V and f control. A comprehensive review has been carried out to list out the current issues and challenges in a Smart Grid technology aided Micro Grid. The major issues in Micro Grid are mainly concerned with integration of intermittent distribution generation and while running in island mode of operation, the issues like V and f correction are more critical. Micro grid community helps in power sharing and stability cooperation among all micro grids, but at the same it should be capable of identifying when to isolate in case of any micro grid blackout. The role of power electronic converters in controlling the grid parameters while interfacing DGs are discussed through available literature

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