Understanding the Impacts of Local Policies on Distributed Photovoltaic Market Development

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Doris ◽  
Sarah Booth ◽  
Joseph Chavez ◽  
Vitaliy Krasko ◽  
Sherry Stout
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
National Market ◽  
Policy Impacts ◽  
Local Policies

A growing body of literature discusses the impacts of state-level policies on the development of distributed photovoltaic (PV) markets both in the implementing jurisdictions and spilling into others. Localities (municipalities and counties) are also increasing their involvement in policy development to support clean energy markets. There is a barrier to knowing the impacts of the policies within a jurisdiction as well as how the patchwork of local policies interacts to contribute to national PV market developments. This barrier can result in an inability for localities to implement effective and efficient local policies. This paper aims to reduce this barrier by (1) summarizing local activities related to solar in 151 localities as a means of determining trends in local PV policy action, (2) looking critically at several local policy environments in two states to determine if successful policy strategies or interesting observations warrant further investigation on the impacts of local policy, and (3) outlining the challenges of and opportunities for developing improved data for supporting an understanding of local policy impacts on the national market.

Policy Action on Obesity Mostly at State Level

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (16) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
MARY ELLEN SCHNEIDER
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Policy Action

scholarly journals Financing Long-Term Services and Supports: Opportunities for Overcoming Historical Roadblocks to Reform

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 717-717
Author(s):  
Edward Miller ◽  
Pamela Nadash ◽  
Marc Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Policy Window ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
State Budgets ◽  
Services And Supports

Abstract This presentation documents the continuing failure to tackle the problem of financing long-term services and supports (LTSS)—a failure most recently seen in the only national legislation ever enacted to comprehensively address LTSS costs: the Community Living Assistance Services and Supports (CLASS) Act. The CLASS Act was included in the Affordable Care Act, but was repealed in 2013. Subsequently, policy experts and some Democrats have made proposals for addressing the LTSS financing crisis. Moreover, significant government action is taking place at the state level, both to relieve financial and emotional burdens on LTSS recipients and their families and to ease pressure on state budgets. Lessons from these initiatives could serve as opportunities for learning how to overcome roadblocks to successful policy development, adoption, and implementation across states and for traversing the policy and political tradeoffs should a policy window open once again for addressing the problem of LTSS financing nationally.

Policy, practice and racism: social cohesion in action

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanib Rasool
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Ethnic Minority Women ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Policy Impacts

This chapter considers some questions related to policy development, as policy impacts all areas of community life. In particular, it explores the concept of social cohesion in neighbourhoods, which is currently a key policy issue. The context for this includes internal conflicts between groups competing for the same scarce resources, structural inequality, housing and environment neglect, crime, and disorder, creating segregation and a culture of ‘us and them’. Moreover, this chapter finds that arts methodology is a tool for ethnic minority women and young people to negotiate boundaries and hostile territories and to engage in policy questions on community cohesion through photography, portraits, and poetry.

Drug Use During Pregnancy Policies in the United States From 1970 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Thomas ◽  
Ryan Treffers ◽  
Nancy F. Berglas ◽  
Laurie Drabble ◽  
Sarah C. M. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
State Level ◽  
Original Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Drug Laws ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
Policy Environments

As U.S. states legalize marijuana and as governmental attention is paid to the “opioid crisis,” state policies pertaining to drug use during pregnancy are increasingly important. Little is known about the scope of state policies targeting drug use during pregnancy, how they have evolved, and how they compare to alcohol use during pregnancy policies. Method: Our 46-year original data set of statutes and regulations in U.S. states covers the entirety of state-level legislation in this policy domain. Data were obtained through original legal research and from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism’s Alcohol Policy Information System. Policies were analyzed individually as well as by classification as punitive toward or supportive of women. Results: The number of states with drug use during pregnancy policies has increased from 1 in 1974 to 43 in 2016. Policies started as punitive. By the mid- to late 1980s, supportive policies emerged, and mixed policy environments dominated in the 2000s. Overall, drug/pregnancy policy environments have become less supportive over time. Comparisons of drug laws to alcohol laws show that the policy trajectories started in opposite directions, but by 2016, the results were the same: Punitive policies were more prevalent than supportive policies across states. Moreover, there is a great deal of overlap between drug use during pregnancy policies and alcohol/pregnancy policies. Conclusion: This study breaks new ground. More studies are needed that explore the effects of these policies on alcohol and other drug use by pregnant women and on birth outcomes.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy (RE) and Theory on Business Sustainability: Malaysia Policy Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Business Sustainability ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Development Plans

Sustainable energy is described as energy that meets the present demand without jeopardizing the needs of future generation. Sustainable development of energy has become the main focus of recent national policies, strategies and development plans of many countries. Renewable energy (RE) is brought to play as it is deemed sustainable and has the potential to thrive in the vastly competitive market of contemporary business. Growing deployment of RE resources in businesses will provide an impetus to accelerate the drive towards clean energy as well as interest and funding for research and development works. In Malaysia, RE was introduced into the energy mix through the Five Fuel Diversification Policy in 2000 and its share has been growing ever since. This article offers a critical analysis of the developing theories linking environmental sustainability to businesses practice, and discusses their implications on Malaysia’s policy development toward RE. The extensive review presented in this work offers a useful reference for policy makers, corporate managers and researchers who have vested interest in business sustainability and renewable energy related studies.

scholarly journals Between the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity: Central-Local Government Relations in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Stig Montin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Regulatory State ◽  
Central State ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Post War

Governance research has become strikingly multifaceted in terms of theory, methods and empirical focus. More attention has been given to the spatial and scalar dimensions, and research are becoming more context-sensitive and process-oriented. Drawing upon on results from several research projects and programmes conducted by the authors and some other researchers this article offers an analysis of the development of Swedish central-local government relations since the 1990s. Analysing the constitutional, financial and multi-scalar/multilevel changes of these relations since the end of the Millenium, the strong neoliberal imprint upon ideology and practices is highlighted, showing how de-regulation gradually intermingled with re-regulation, combining market-driven, public welfare provision with measurement, evaluation and control. The article also bring to the fore sustainability, climate change and immigration as local policy fields characterized by horizontal capacity-building involving municipalities, private companies and civil society. Gradually municipal and regional government came under pressure by contextual challenges such as an elderly population, increasing number of school children and integration of immigrants. Related to this central state regulations and obligations multiplied and complicated local policy-making. As a broader discursive framework of the study the analysis is related to Antonino Palumbo’s (2015) exploration of post-war policy development in Europe in the light of two contesting, but complementary, ‘research programmes’, the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity. Finally, the article bring attention to the huge pandemic challenge facing humanity and governance at all levels beginning in spring 2020. What role municipalities will find in this critical juncture remains to be seen.

scholarly journals Just transition? Strategic framing and the challenges facing coal dependent communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-316
Author(s):  
Sally A Weller
Keyword(s):  
Clean Energy ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
Perceived Injustice ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
Governance Committee ◽  
Strategic Framing

Policies designed to hasten the closure of high-emissions coal-fired power stations routinely include reference to the need for a ‘just’ transition in affected communities. But the detail of what a just transition might entail is rarely specified. This article examines how policy interventions in Australia in 2012–2013, as part of the Gillard government’s Clean Energy Future package, approached the problem of a just transition in the case of Victoria’s coal dependent Latrobe Valley. It describes how policymakers framed the issue as transition, adopted a regional scaling, and expanded the territorial arena of policy action. A stakeholder-based multilevel governance committee shrouded this top-down decision-making from public scrutiny. These moves made it possible to conjure a narrative of benign transition governed by market processes. The paper explains how these strategic framings sidelined local interests, misrepresented the issues, exacerbated local disempowerment, and enabled the redirection of re-distributional funding to communities that were not directly affected by the impending closure of coal-fired power stations. The perceived injustice of this process exposes the limitations of climate policy-related strategic issue, scale and place framing.

Isn’t There a Better Way? (No, There Isn’t)

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
Gilbert E. Metcalf
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Energy State ◽  
State Level ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Corporate Average Fuel Economy ◽  
Renewable Portfolio Standards ◽  
Voluntary Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Alternative Approaches

This chapter reviews alternative approaches to putting a price on pollution to control greenhouse gas emissions. It reviews the history of the Clean Air Act and Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards and demonstrates that these policies cut pollution at a much higher cost than by simply putting a price on pollution. It also reviews subsidies for clean energy, state-level renewable portfolio standards, and information and voluntary programs and demonstrates that a carbon tax is superior to any of these alternatives.

scholarly journals Evolution of models to support community and policy action with science: Balancing pastoral livelihoods and wildlife conservation in savannas of East Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (17) ◽  
pp. 4579-4584 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Reid ◽  
D. Nkedianye ◽  
M. Y. Said ◽  
D. Kaelo ◽  
M. Neselle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Policy Maker ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation

We developed a “continual engagement” model to better integrate knowledge from policy makers, communities, and researchers with the goal of promoting more effective action to balance poverty alleviation and wildlife conservation in 4 pastoral ecosystems of East Africa. The model involved the creation of a core boundary-spanning team, including community facilitators, a policy facilitator, and transdisciplinary researchers, responsible for linking with a wide range of actors from local to global scales. Collaborative researcher−facilitator community teams integrated local and scientific knowledge to help communities and policy makers improve herd quality and health, expand biodiversity payment schemes, develop land-use plans, and fully engage together in pastoral and wildlife policy development. This model focused on the creation of hybrid scientific−local knowledge highly relevant to community and policy maker needs. The facilitation team learned to be more effective by focusing on noncontroversial livelihood issues before addressing more difficult wildlife issues, using strategic and periodic engagement with most partners instead of continual engagement, and reducing costs by providing new scientific information only when deemed essential. We conclude by examining the role of facilitation in redressing asymmetries in power in researcher−community−policy maker teams, the role of individual values and character in establishing trust, and how to sustain knowledge-action links when project funding ends.

Media attention and policy response: 21st century chemical regulation in the USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira J M Matus ◽  
Marie N Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
State Level ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Chemical Risk ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
The Usa

Abstract This article explores the relationship between media coverage of chemical hazards, scientific understandings of chemical risk, and policy change in the USA at the state level from 1990 to 2010. We observe that media coverage compounded by scientific development, especially in relation to a greater understanding of chemical hazards and approaches to its management, affected public perception of health and environmental risk, aiding in a shift of expectations about necessary levels of statutory protection from the states. We also note the emergence of effective framings of chemical risk around impacts on vulnerable populations, such as children, where media attention and policy action created important coalitions of support. The resulting increased state-, county-, and city-level policy action eventually led to support and momentum policy change at the federal level. This study helps to clarify how media attention to chemical hazards may play an important role in influencing eventual policy responses and risk management approaches.

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