Recovery Control for Rotors Established in Stable Periodic Contact Modes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schlotter ◽  
Patrick Keogh
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Contact Dynamics ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Disk System ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Periodic Contact ◽  
Stable Periodic

Previous research has shown that flexible rotors can become established in potentially damaging stable periodic contact modes after initial impact with housings, seals, or auxiliary bearings. These modes are characterized by periodic motion and a fixed contact point in a rotating frame. A contact recovery strategy is developed, with the aim to destabilize the modes and return the rotor to a contact-free orbit. This is achieved by applying compensation forces through magnetic bearings, which reduces the effective synchronous forcing that is causing the contact to a low level. It is shown that even in presence of highly nonlinear contact dynamics, a linear FEM rotor model can be used to calculate appropriate influence coefficients. The contact recovery principle is demonstrated by simulations of a simple disk system and a simple flexible rotor. It is then applied to an experimental flexible rotor test facility. Error margins are investigated, and possible limitations of the method are discussed.

Synchronous Position Recovery Control for Flexible Rotors in Contact with Auxiliary Bearings

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schlotter ◽  
Patrick S. Keogh
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Contact Dynamics ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
State Compensation ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Contact Free ◽  
Rotor Model

This paper details a methology for the active recovery of contact free levitation of a rotor from a state of persistent contact with auxiliary bearings. An analytical method to describe contact dynamics of flexible rotors is presented. It shows that synchronous unbalance forces can cause a rotor to adopt stable contact modes, which are characterized by periodic motion and a fixed contact point in a rotating frame of reference. Based on these observations, a recovery strategy is developed to return the rotor to a contact free state. Compensation forces may be applied by magnetic bearings to reduce the effective synchronous forcing which is driving the contact, so that the rotor can progress to a contact free orbit. It is shown that even in the presence of highly nonlinear contact dynamic effects, a linear finite element rotor model can be used to calculate appropriate influence coefficients. The contact recovery procedure is successfully verified by simulations and measurements on a flexible rotor test facility. Allowable bounds on the phase of the synchronous recovery forces are investigated and limitations of the method are discussed.

Modally Tuned Influence Coefficients for Low-Speed Balancing of Flexible Rotors

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. Khulief ◽  
Wasiu Oke ◽  
M. A. Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Test ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Modal Characteristics ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Test Rig

The need to devise a low-speed balancing method for balancing high-speed rotors was recognized and addressed. In this paper, a scheme that combines both the influence coefficients and modal balancing techniques is presented. The scheme is developed for low-speed balancing of high-speed rotors, and relies on knowledge of the modal characteristics of the rotor. The conditions for applicability of the method were stated in the light of the experientially estimated rotor deflection mode shapes. An experimental test rig of a flexible rotor was constructed to verify the applicability and reliability of the low-speed balancing scheme.

Stability Analysis of the Morton Effect of Rigid and Flexible Rotors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silun Zhang ◽  
Mohamed Amine Hassini ◽  
Mihai Arghir
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Morton Effect ◽  
Isothermal Analysis ◽  
Large Amplitude Vibrations

Abstract This paper presents a stability analysis of the Morton effect. The analysis is an extension of the Murphy and Lorenz method [11] and is based on better estimates of three influence coefficients linking the phenomena contributing to the Morton effect: the total response to the rotor unbalance, the temperature difference on the rotor surface induced by synchronous vibrations and the thermomechanical deformation of the rotor. The models used in the present work are more complex and accurate because they are based on the non-linear unbalance response (large amplitude vibrations) of the rotor, on the non-isothermal analysis of the journal bearing flow and on a three-dimensional thermos-elastic analysis of the rotor. The results obtained with the original stability analysis of Murphy and Lorenz and with the modified one are compared with original experimental data obtained for a short (rigid) and long (flexible) rotor guided by a ball bearing and by a cylindrical bearing and presented in a previous work [20]. Both methods confirm the experimental results obtained for a short (rigid) rotor. They show that this rotor is not subject to instabilities generated by the Morton effect. However, the results obtained for a long (flexible) rotor are different. The simplified method of Murphy and Lorenz shows a stable behavior while the modified method presented in this work confirms the findings of [20] and indicates that the rotor could be subject to a Morton effect at rotational speeds close to the experimental conditions. The improvements obtained by using the modified stability analysis are therefore clearly underlined, as well as its inherent limitations.

Modally-Tuned Influence Coefficients for Low-Speed Balancing of Flexible Rotors

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. Khulief ◽  
M. A. Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Test ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Modal Characteristics ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Experimental Test Rig

The need to devise a low-speed balancing method for balancing high-speed rotors was recognized and addressed. In this paper, a scheme that combines both the influence coefficients and modal balancing techniques is presented. The scheme is developed for low-speed balancing of high-speed rotors, and relies on knowledge of modal characteristics of the rotor. The conditions for applicability of the method were stated in the light of the experientially estimated rotor deflection mode shapes. An experimental test rig of a flexible rotor was constructed to verify the applicability and reliability of the low-speed balancing scheme.

Nonlinear Dynamics of Flexible Rotors Supported on Journal Bearings—Part I: Analytical Bearing Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Miraskari ◽  
Farzad Hemmati ◽  
Mohamed S. Gadala
Keyword(s):  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Nonlinear Coefficient ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Dynamic Coefficients ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Rotor Bearing ◽  
Bearing Force ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Bearing System

To determine the bifurcation types in a rotor-bearing system, it is required to find higher order derivatives of the bearing forces with respect to journal velocity and position. As closed-form expressions for journal bearing force are not generally available, Hopf bifurcation studies of rotor-bearing systems have been limited to simple geometries and cavitation models. To solve this problem, an alternative nonlinear coefficient-based method for representing the bearing force is presented in this study. A flexible rotor-bearing system is presented for which bearing force is modeled with linear and nonlinear dynamic coefficients. The proposed nonlinear coefficient-based model was found to be successful in predicting the bifurcation types of the system as well as predicting the system dynamics and trajectories at spin speeds below and above the threshold speed of instability.

Influence Coefficients Obtained by Hammer Beat Permit Significant Time Savings When Balancing Simple Flexible Rotors

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wiese ◽  
M. Breitwieser
Keyword(s):  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Significant Time ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Flexible Roll ◽  
Influence Coefficient Method ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Coefficient Method

Abstract The following paper presents a method for balancing simple flexible rotors with the help of influence coefficients obtained by hammer beat. The method permits time savings of approx. 50% compared to the conventional influence coefficient method. Initial positive results obtained on a flexible roll are also presented.

Demonstration of a Unified Approach to the Balancing of Flexible Rotors

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Darlow ◽  
A. J. Smalley ◽  
A. G. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Influence Coefficient ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Multiple Mode ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Transmission Shaft ◽  
Rotor Balancing

A flexible rotor balancing procedure, which incorporates the advantages and eliminates the disadvantages of the modal and influence coefficient procedures, has been developed and implemented. This new procedure, referred to as the Unified Balancing Approach, has been demonstrated on a supercritical power transmission shaft test rig. The test rig was successfully balanced through four flexural critical speeds with a substantial reduction in effort as compared with the effort required in modal and influence coefficient balancing procedures. A brief discussion of the Unified Balancing Approach and its relationship to the modal and influence coefficient methods is presented. A series of tests which were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of various balancing techniques are described. The results of the Unified Balancing Approach tests are presented and discussed. These results confirm the superiority of this balancing procedure for the supercritical shaft test rig in particular and for multiple-mode balancing in general.

scholarly journals Transient Response Technique Applied to Active Magnetic Bearing Machinery During Rotor Drop

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ishii ◽  
R. Gordon Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Active Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Bearing Design ◽  
Amb System

The active magnetic bearing (AMB) is a relatively new technology which has many advantages compared with conventional bearing design. In an AMB system, the rolling-element back-up bearings are indispensable to protect the magnetic bearing rotor and stator, and other stationary seals along the rotor shaft. In this paper, a theoretical formulation is proposed and solved numerically to examine the transient response of the flexible rotor, from the time just previous to when the AMB shuts down and including the rotor drop onto the back-up bearing. The backward whirl of the rotor, which may lead to the destructive damage of the machinery, has been analytically predicted at very light support damping and very high support damping. Also, the vibration due to the nonlinearity of the contact point geometry has been included in the analysis. The influence of the support damping on the displacement of the disk and also the contact force between the journal and the inner-race of the back-up bearing have been computed for various rotor system parameters. By comparing these results with the optimum support damping for the simple flexible rotor model, it is shown that this support damping optimization can be applicable for specifying the required optimum range of support damping for the back-up bearings of AMB systems.

Robust Control of the Elastodynamic Vibrations of a Flexible Rotor System With Discontinuous Friction

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karkoub
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Rotor System ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Modeling Errors ◽  
The Difference

The work presented here deals with the control of a flexible rotor system using the μ-synthesis control technique. This technique allows for the inclusion of modeling errors in the control design process in terms of uncertainty weights. The dynamic model of the rotor system, which includes discontinuous friction, is highly nonlinear and has to be linearized around an operating point in order to use μ-synthesis. The difference between the linear and nonlinear models is characterized in terms of uncertainty weights and included in the control design process. The designed controller is robust to uncertainty in the dynamic model, spillover, actuator uncertainty, and noise. The theoretical findings of the μ-synthesis control design are validated through simulations and the results are presented and discussed here.

Experimental Studies on Attenuation of Rotor-Stator Dynamics: Effects of High-Frequency Inclusion and Annular Fluid

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryem Kanzari ◽  
Mohammed AlQaradawi ◽  
Balakumar Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Flexible Rotors ◽  
Speed Modulation ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Drive Speed ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom

Flexible, rotating structures can experience complex dynamics, when torsional and lateral motions are involved. Oilwell drill strings form one example of such structures. In the present study, the authors investigate the influence of sinusoidal drive speed modulation on whirling motions of flexible rotors with contact interactions. For two types of drilling-like operations, one with drill mud and another without drill mud, the stability of motions is studied. A laboratory-scale drill rig is used to study the dynamics of a flexible rotor, which is driven at one end and housed within a stator at the other end. Experimental results are presented and discussed for different drive speeds. The findings suggest that the addition of drill mud in the annular space between the rotor and stator along with high-frequency modulation in the drive input helps attenuate lateral motions. The torsional motions appear to be influenced more by the high-frequency drive speed modulation. A three-degree-of-freedom model has been constructed to study lateraltorsional dynamics of a rotor-stator system. The model predictions are compared with the experimental data. The findings of this work have relevance for constructing practical solutions to control whirl dynamics of flexible rotors such as drill strings.

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