Technical and Economic Evaluation of IGCC Systems Using Coal and Petroleum Coke Considering the Brazilian Scenario

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Andrés Silva Ortiz ◽  
Osvaldo José Venturini ◽  
Electo Eduardo Silva Lora
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Operational Parameters

The increasing trend in global production of petroleum coke (petcoke) is the result of their multiple and innovative industrial applications. From this point of view and also considering the current situation of the traditional energy reserves worldwide, it is important to conduct studies in this area through analysis of the main components of the power plants utilizing this fuel (petcoke). The main target of this study is to realize a techno-economic evaluation of IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) technology, using Brazilian coal, petcoke and a mix of 50% coal and 50% petcoke as fuel. In this paper, the gasification process and the combined cycle are analyzed, considering the implementation of the IGCC technology in the Termobahia power plant. Termobahia is a cogeneration combined cycle power plant, located in the Brazilian state of Bahia that produces 190 MW of electricity and 350 ton/h of steam. The steam produced is sold to an oil refinery (RLAM) located next to it. In first part of this work, the production of the synthesis gas (syngas) from coal gasification was simulated using CeSFaMBi™ software. In the next part, the syngas produced is used to analyze the power plant performance through GateCycle™ software. Finally, the obtained operational and economic parameters are compared with the actual operational parameters of the Termobahia power plant in terms of costs, fuel substitution and combined cycle performance variables, as net power, global efficiency and heat rate.

Survey of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Power Plant Performance Estimates

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Integrated Gasification

The idea of a combined cycle power plant integrated with a coal gasification process has attracted broad interest in recent years. This interest is based on unique attributes of this concept which include potentially low pollutant emissions, low heat rate and competitive economics as compared to conventional steam plants with stack gas scrubbing. Results from a survey of technical literature containing performance and economic predictions have been compiled for comparison and evaluation of this new technique. These performance and economic results indicate good promise for near-term commercialization of an integrated gasification combined cycle power plant using current gas turbine firing temperatures. Also, these data show that advancements in turbine firing temperature are expected to provide sufficiently favorable economics for the concept to penetrate the market now held by conventional steam power plants.

Performance Testing of Coal Fired Power Plants

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane E. Powers ◽  
William C. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Test Program

With the renewed interest in the construction of coal-fired power plants in the United States, there has also been an increased interest in the methodology used to calculate/determine the overall performance of a coal fired power plant. This methodology is detailed in the ASME PTC 46 (1996) Code, which provides an excellent framework for determining the power output and heat rate of coal fired power plants. Unfortunately, the power industry has been slow to adopt this methodology, in part because of the lack of some details in the Code regarding the planning needed to design a performance test program for the determination of coal fired power plant performance. This paper will expand on the ASME PTC 46 (1996) Code by discussing key concepts that need to be addressed when planning an overall plant performance test of a coal fired power plant. The most difficult aspect of calculating coal fired power plant performance is integrating the calculation of boiler performance with the calculation of turbine cycle performance and other balance of plant aspects. If proper planning of the performance test is not performed, the integration of boiler and turbine data will result in a test result that does not accurately reflect the true performance of the overall plant. This planning must start very early in the development of the test program, and be implemented in all stages of the test program design. This paper will address the necessary planning of the test program, including: • Determination of Actual Plant Performance. • Selection of a Test Goal. • Development of the Basic Correction Algorithm. • Designing a Plant Model. • Development of Correction Curves. • Operation of the Power Plant during the Test. All nomenclature in this paper utilizes the ASME PTC 46 definitions for the calculation and correction of plant performance.

A GCC Power Plant With Methanol Storage for Intermediate-Load Duty

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Paffenbarger
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Electrical Demand ◽  
Integrated Facility ◽  
Plant Configuration

This paper describes the design and performance of a coal gasification combined-cycle power plant with an integrated facility for producing and storing methanol (GCC/methanol power plant). The methanol is produced at a steady rate and is burned in the combined cycle to generate additional power during periods of peak electrical demand. The GCC/methanol plant provides electricity generation and energy storage in one coal-based facility. It is of potential interest to electric utilities seeking to meet intermediate-load electrical demand on their systems. The plant configuration is determined by means of an innovative economic screening methodology considering capital and fuel costs over a range of cycling duties (capacity factors). Estimated levelized electricity production costs indicate that a GCC/methanol plant could be of economic interest as premium fuel prices increase relative to coal. The plant could potentially be of interest for meeting daily peak demands for periods of eight hours or less. The conceptual plant configuration employs a Texaco gasifier and a Lurgi methanol synthesis plant. Plant performance is estimated at peak and baseload output levels. No unusual design or operational problems were identified.

A Case Study of Optimizing Combined Cycle Performance at Kalaeloa

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmer Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Online Performance Monitoring ◽  
On Line

Fuel is by far the largest expenditure for energy production for most power plants. New tools for on-line performance monitoring have been developed for reducing fuel consumption while at the same time optimizing operational performance. This paper highlights a case study where an online performance-monitoring tool was employed to continually evaluate plant performance at the Kalaeloa Combined Cycle Power Plant. Justification for investment in performance monitoring tools is presented. Additionally the influence of various loss parameters on the cycle performance is analyzed with examples. Thus, demonstrating the potential savings achieved by identifying and correcting the losses typically occurring from deficiencies in high impact component performance.

300 MW Combined-Cycle Plant With Integrated Coal Gasification

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Kehlhofer
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
The Individual

In the past 15 years the combined-cycle (gas/steam turbine) power plant has come into its own in the power generation market. Today, approximately 30 000 MW of power are already installed or being built as combined-cycle units. Combined-cycle plants are therefore a proven technology, showing not only impressive thermal efficiency ratings of up to 50 percent in theory, but also proving them in practice and everyday operation (1) (2). Combined-cycle installations can be used for many purposes. They range from power plants for power generation only, to cogeneration plants for district heating or combined cycles with maximum additional firing (3). The main obstacle to further expansion of the combined cycle principle is its lack of fuel flexibility. To this day, gas turbines are still limited to gaseous or liquid fuels. This paper shows a viable way to add a cheap solid fuel, coal, to the list. The plant system in question is a 2 × 150 MW combined-cycle plant of BBC Brown Boveri with integrated coal gasification plant of British Gas/Lurgi. The main point of interest is that all the individual components of the power plant described in this paper have proven their worth commercially. It is therefore not a pilot plant but a viable commercial proposition.

A GCC Power Plant With Methanol Storage for Intermediate-Load Duty

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Paffenbarger
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Electrical Demand ◽  
Integrated Facility ◽  
Plant Configuration

This paper describes the design and performance of a coal gasification combined-cycle power plant with an integrated facility for producing and storing methanol (GCC/methanol power plant). The methanol is produced at a steady rate and is burned in the combined-cycle to generate additional power during periods of peak electrical demand. The GCC/methanol plant provides electricity generation and energy storage in one coal-based facility. It is of potential interest to electric utilities seeking to meet intermediate-load electrical demand on their systems. The plant configuration is determined by means of an economic screening study considering capital and fuel costs over a range of cycling duties (load factors). Estimated levelized electricity production costs indicate that a GCC/methanol plant could be of economic interest as premium fuel prices increase relative to coal. The plant could potentially be of interest for meeting daily peak demands for periods of eight hours or less. The conceptual plant configuration employs a Texaco gasifier and a Lurgi methanol synthesis plant. Plant performance is estimated at peak and baseload output levels. No unusual design or operational problems were identified.

Overall Performance of Advanced H2/Air Cycle Power Plants Based on Coal Decarbonisation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gambini ◽  
M. Vellini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Production Section ◽  
Pinch Technology ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
Overall Performance

In this paper the overall performance of a new advanced mixed cycle (AMC), fed by hydrogen-rich fuel gas, has been evaluated. Obviously, hydrogen must be produced and here we have chosen the coal gasification for its production, quantifying all the thermal and electric requirements. At first, a simple combination between hydrogen production section and power section is performed. In fact, the heat loads of the first section can be satisfied by using the various raw syngas cooling, without using some material streams taken from the power section, but also without using part of heat, available in the production section and rejected into the environment, in the power section. The final result is very poor: over 34%. Then, by using the Pinch Technology, a more efficient, even if more complex, solution can be conceived: in this case the overall efficiency is very interesting: 39%. These results are very similar to those of a combined cycle power plant, equipped with the same systems and analyzed under the same hypotheses. The final result is very important because the “clean” use of coal in new power plant types must be properly investigated: in fact coal is the most abundant and the cheapest fossil fuel available on earth; moreover, hydrogen production, by using coal, is an interesting outlook because hydrogen has the potential to become the main energy carrier in a future sustainable energy economy.

Effect of Fuel Gas Cleanup Option on Air-Blown IGCC Power Plant Performance

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Yang ◽  
R. A. Newby ◽  
R. L. Bannister
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Plant Sensitivity ◽  
Parametric Studies

Air-blown coal gasification for combined-cycle power generation is a technology soon to be demonstrated. A process evaluation of air-blown IGCC performed to estimate the plant heat rate, electrical output and potential emissions are described in this paper. A process model of an air-blown IGCC power system based on the Westinghouse 501F combustion turbine was developed to conduct the performance evaluation. Parametric studies were performed to develop an understanding of the power plant sensitivity to the major operating parameters and process options. Advanced hot fuel gas cleaning and conventional cold fuel gas cleaning options were both considered.

An Expanded Cost of Electricity Model for Highly Flexible Power Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen ◽  
Indrajit Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
The Impact

Cost of electricity (COE) is the most widely used metric to quantify the cost-performance trade-off involved in comparative analysis of competing electric power generation technologies. Unfortunately, the currently accepted formulation of COE is only applicable to comparisons of power plant options with the same annual electric generation (kilowatt-hours) and the same technology as defined by reliability, availability, and operability. Such a formulation does not introduce a big error into the COE analysis when the objective is simply to compare two or more base-loaded power plants of the same technology (e.g., natural gas fired gas turbine simple or combined cycle, coal fired conventional boiler steam turbine, etc.) and the same (or nearly the same) capacity. However, comparing even the same technology class power plants, especially highly flexible advanced gas turbine combined cycle units with cyclic duties, comprising a high number of daily starts and stops in addition to emissions-compliant low-load operation to accommodate the intermittent and uncertain load regimes of renewable power generation (mainly wind and solar) requires a significant overhaul of the basic COE formula. This paper develops an expanded COE formulation by incorporating crucial power plant operability and maintainability characteristics such as reliability, unrecoverable degradation, and maintenance factors as well as emissions into the mix. The core impact of duty cycle on the plant performance is handled via effective output and efficiency utilizing basic performance correction curves. The impact of plant start and load ramps on the effective performance parameters is included. Differences in reliability and total annual energy generation are handled via energy and capacity replacement terms. The resulting expanded formula, while rigorous in development and content, is still simple enough for most feasibility study type of applications. Sample calculations clearly reveal that inclusion (or omission) of one or more of these factors in the COE evaluation, however, can dramatically swing the answer from one extreme to the other in some cases.

Development of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine/Steam Plant for Training Marine and Power Engineers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Peter Sarnacki ◽  
Richard Kimball ◽  
Barbara Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Steam Plant

The integration of micro turbine engines into the engineering programs offered at Maine Maritime Academy (MMA) has created a dynamic, hands-on approach to learning the theoretical and operational characteristics of a turbojet engine. Maine Maritime Academy is a fully accredited college of Engineering, Science and International Business located on the coast of Maine and has over 850 undergraduate students. The majority of the students are enrolled in one of five majors offered at the college in the Engineering Department. MMA already utilizes gas turbines and steam plants as part of the core engineering training with fully operational turbines and steam plant laboratories. As background, this paper will overview the unique hands-on nature of the engineering programs offered at the institution with a focus of implementation of a micro gas turbine trainer into all engineering majors taught at the college. The training demonstrates the effectiveness of a working gas turbine to translate theory into practical applications and real world conditions found in the operation of a combustion turbine. This paper presents the efforts of developing a combined cycle power plant for training engineers in the operation and performance of such a plant. Combined cycle power plants are common in the power industry due to their high thermal efficiencies. As gas turbines/electric power plants become implemented into marine applications, it is expected that combined cycle plants will follow. Maine Maritime Academy has a focus on training engineers for the marine and stationary power industry. The trainer described in this paper is intended to prepare engineers in the design and operation of this type of plant, as well as serve as a research platform for operational and technical study in plant performance. This work describes efforts to combine these laboratory resources into an operating combined cycle plant. Specifically, we present efforts to integrate a commercially available, 65 kW gas turbine generator system with our existing steam plant. The paper reviews the design and analysis of the system to produce a 78 kW power plant that approaches 35% thermal efficiency. The functional operation of the plant as a trainer is presented as the plant is designed to operate with the same basic functionality and control as a larger commercial plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document