Dynamic Analysis of Concentrated Solar Hybridised Gas Turbine

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Stefano Barberis ◽  
Davide Lima ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Valve ◽  
Power Capability ◽  
The University ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

In this work the dynamic behaviour and the control strategy of a 12MWe size gas turbine hybridised with concentrated solar heat source has been investigated. Hybridised gas turbine cycles are attractive because of their high efficiency, potentially equal to combined cycle efficiency, and because of their dispatchable power capability. An existing gas turbine model has been modified into a hybrid layout to incorporate high temperature heat from a concentrated solar field, through a high pressure air-cooled receiver. The system does not involve any hot air valve and includes a ceramic thermal storage. The plant dynamic model was developed using the original TRANSEO simulation tool developed at the University of Genoa. Initially, plant steady-state performance is analysed, identifying potential issues. Then, the different dynamic operations (storage charging, discharging and bypass) are simulated, showing the feasibility of the control strategy proposed. Eventually, design recommendations are drawn to improve the flexibility and the time response of such kind of plants.

High Temperature Storage for CSP Hybrid Gas Turbine: Test Rig Dynamic Analysis and Experimental Validation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Barberis ◽  
Alberto Nicola Traverso ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Air Valve ◽  
Power Capability ◽  
The University

It has long been recognized that the possibility for the integration of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is one of the key advantages of CSP over other forms of renewable energy technology. In this work, a high temperature ceramic storage test rig for gas turbine energy systems was presented with its innovative layout, which avoids the use of hot valves. Such experimental plant storage, developed by the University of Genoa, Italy, can be run with compressed air and it is ready for connection with the modified microturbine Turbec T100 onsite. The test rig represents a scaled-down version of a larger system designed for a hybridized solar gas turbine, where the solar input is emulated by an electrical heater. Hybridized solar gas turbine cycles are attractive because of their high efficiency, potentially equal to combined cycle efficiency, and dispatchable power capability. The layout proposed here does not involve any hot air valve and does include a ceramic thermal storage. The plant dynamic model was developed using the original TRANSEO simulation tool. This paper presents the test rig experimental results and validation of dynamic model: eventually, design recommendations are drawn to improve the flexibility and the time response of such kind of CSP plants.

Adaptation and Modification of Gas Turbines for Solar Energy Applications

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Sinai ◽  
Chemi Sugarmen ◽  
Uriyel Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Equipment Utilization ◽  
German Aerospace ◽  
Solar Field

Adapting a gas turbine to high-temperature solar receivers and solar tower technology constitutes real progress towards commercial solar power utilization with high efficiency combined cycle power system. Solar gas turbine systems can also be adapted to hybrid solar/fossil fuel operation, thanks to its high efficiency conversion, relatively small solar field, and quick response to load fluctuations, low CO2 emissions, easy start, and more effective equipment utilization. ORMAT initiated adaptation and modification of gas turbines for solar energy applications in the early 1990s in cooperation with the Weizmann Institute of Science and later with the Boeing Corporation, with the support of the United States Israel Science and Technology Foundation (USISTF). Ultimately, the concept reached its successful realization (2001–2004) in the solar tower Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Spain) which has three solar receivers and a receiving system designed and supplied by the German Aerospace Center DLR.

GT13E2 Low Part Load Operation: Extended Flexibility Down to 30% Load

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulvio Magni ◽  
Frank Grimm ◽  
Sebastiano Sorato ◽  
Marco Micheli
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

This paper describes the development work of the Low Part Load upgrade package for the GT13E2 gas turbine fleet and the related test results of the engine validation phase. The GT13E2 gas turbine was originally designed for operation at high combined cycle efficiency and low emissions in the range from about 60% to 100% load. The upgrade package improves the minimum environmental load of the GT13E2 making it possible to operate the GT with full flexibility down to 30% relative load. In fact, in today’s energy market operational flexibility is one of the key requirements for our customers. The extended low part load capability will allow the customers to operate the power plant in combined cycle mode with high efficiency and to rapidly change the load as soon as the grid demands. The upgrade package can be retrofitted to the installed service fleet with AEV burner technology. The main challenge at low part load operation is to keep the NOx and especially the CO emissions under control. Increased emissions at lower loads were acceptable since it was not intended to operate for long periods of time at these loads. The low part load upgrade improves combustion of the gas turbine by keeping the flame temperature at higher levels. The key to success for improved combustion behavior at part load is mainly the reduction of the burner air mass flow and the redistribution of the corresponding fuel mass flow. The main measures used for the low part load concept are a further closing of the inlet guide vanes and a redistribution of the fuel gas to fewer burners. Additional measures for further reduction of the burner air mass flow at part load were also evaluated and tested. Only a combination of several measures really improves the minimum environmental load of the gas turbine and of the combined cycle efficiency, compared to the original operation concept. During the development of the low part load project each single measure was extensively validated on GT13E2 engines independently. The combination of the different measures was finally validated on a customer engine and the projected emission targets down to 30% load were successfully confirmed.

Commercialization and Fleet Experience of the 7/9HA Gas Turbine Combined Cycle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Vandervort ◽  
David Leach ◽  
David Walker ◽  
Jerry Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Operational Flexibility ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Abstract The power generation industry is facing unprecedented challenges. High fuel costs and increased penetration of renewable power have resulted in greater demand for high efficiency and operational flexibility. Imperatives to reduce carbon footprint place an even higher premium on efficiency. Power producers are seeking highly efficient, reliable, and operationally flexible solutions that provide long-term profitability in a volatile environment. New generation must also be cost-effective to ensure affordability for both domestic and industrial consumers. Gas turbine combined cycle power plants meet these requirements by providing reliable, dispatchable generation with a low cost of electricity, reduced environmental impact, and broad operational flexibility. Start times for large, industrial gas turbine combined cycles are less than 30 minutes from turning gear to full load, with ramp rates from 60 to 88 MW/minute. GE introduced the 7/9HA industrial gas turbine product portfolio in 2014 in response to these demands. These air-cooled, H-class gas turbines (7/9HA) are engineered to achieve greater than 63% net combined cycle efficiency while delivering operational flexibility through deep, emission-compliant turndown and high ramp rates. The largest of these gas turbines, the 9HA.02, is designed to exceed 64% combined cycle efficiency (net, ISO) in a 1×1, single-shaft (SS) configuration. As of December 2018, a total of 32 7/9HA power plants have achieved COD (Commercial Operation Date) while accumulating over 220,000 hours of operation. These plants operate across a variety of demand profiles including base load and load following (intermediate) service. Fleet leaders for both the 7HA and 9HA have exceeded 12,000 hours of operation, with multiple units over 8,000 hours. This paper will address four topics relating to the HA platform: 1) gas turbine product technology, 2) gas turbine validation, 3) integrated power plant commissioning and operating experience, and 4) lessons learned and fleet reliability.

A New Superalloy Enabling Heavy Duty Gas Turbine Wheels for Improved Combined Cycle Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Detor ◽  
◽  
Richard DiDomizio ◽  
Don McAllister ◽  
Erica Sampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Externally-Fired Combined Cycle Repowering of Existing Steam Plants

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Vandervort ◽  
Mohammed R. Bary ◽  
Larry E. Stoddard ◽  
Steven T. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Generating Capacity

The Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) is an attractive emerging technology for powering high efficiency combined gas and steam turbine cycles with coal or other ash bearing fuels. The key near-term market for the EFCC is likely to be repowering of existing coal fueled power generation units. Repowering with an EFCC system offers utilities the ability to improve efficiency of existing plants by 25 to 60 percent, while doubling generating capacity. Repowering can be accomplished at a capital cost half that of a new facility of similar capacity. Furthermore, the EFCC concept does not require complex chemical processes, and is therefore very compatible with existing utility operating experience. In the EFCC, the heat input to the gas turbine is supplied indirectly through a ceramic heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, coupled with an atmospheric coal combustor and auxiliary components, replaces the conventional gas turbine combustor. Addition of a steam bottoming plant and exhaust cleanup system completes the combined cycle. A conceptual design has been developed for EFCC repowering of an existing reference plant which operates with a 48 MW steam turbine at a net plant efficiency of 25 percent. The repowered plant design uses a General Electric LM6000 gas turbine package in the EFCC power island. Topping the existing steam plant with the coal fueled EFCC improves efficiency to nearly 40 percent. The capital cost of this upgrade is 1,090/kW. When combined with the high efficiency, the low cost of coal, and low operation and maintenance costs, the resulting cost of electricity is competitive for base load generation.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Different Configurations of Combined Cycle Power Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Munzer S. Y. Ebaid ◽  
Qusai Z. Al-hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

<p class="1Body">Several modifications have been made to the simple gas turbine cycle in order to increase its thermal efficiency but within the thermal and mechanical stress constrain, the efficiency still ranges between 38 and 42%. The concept of using combined cycle power or CPP plant would be more attractive in hot countries than the combined heat and power or CHP plant. The current work deals with the performance of different configurations of the gas turbine engine operating as a part of the combined cycle power plant. The results showed that the maximum CPP cycle efficiency would be at a point for which the gas turbine cycle would have neither its maximum efficiency nor its maximum specific work output. It has been shown that supplementary heating or gas turbine reheating would decrease the CPP cycle efficiency; hence, it could only be justified at low gas turbine inlet temperatures. Also it has been shown that although gas turbine intercooling would enhance the performance of the gas turbine cycle, it would have only a slight effect on the CPP cycle performance.</p>

Analysis of Intermediate Temperature Combined Cycles With a Carbon Dioxide Topping Cycle

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chacartegui ◽  
D. Sa´nchez ◽  
F. Jime´nez-Espadafor ◽  
A. Mun˜oz ◽  
T. Sa´nchez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Topping Cycle

The development of high efficiency solar power plants based on gas turbine technology presents two problems, both of them directly associated with the solar power plant receiver design and the power plant size: lower turbine intake temperature and higher pressure drops in heat exchangers than in a conventional gas turbine. To partially solve these problems, different configurations of combined cycles composed of a closed cycle carbon dioxide gas turbine as topping cycle have been analyzed. The main advantage of the Brayton carbon dioxide cycle is its high net shaft work to expansion work ratio, in the range of 0.7–0.85 at supercritical compressor intake pressures, which is very close to that of the Rankine cycle. This feature will reduce the negative effects of pressure drops and will be also very interesting for cycles with moderate turbine inlet temperature (800–1000 K). Intercooling and reheat options are also considered. Furthermore, different working fluids have been analyzed for the bottoming cycle, seeking the best performance of the combined cycle in the ranges of temperatures considered.

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